Body composition after implementation of an enhanced parenteral nutrition protocol in the neonatal intensive care unit: a randomised pilot trial

References

• Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Pediatric Nutrition Practice Group. 2016. Academy of nutrition and dietetics pocket guide to neonatal nutrition [Internet]. 2nd ed. Groh-Wargo S, Thompson M, Cox JH, editors. [place unknown]; [accessed 2022 Aug 18]. https://www.eatrightstore.org/product-type/pocket-guides/academy-of-nutrition-and-dietetics-pocket-guide-to-neonatal-nutrition-second-edition.
   Google Scholar
• Alburaki W, Yusuf K, Dobry J, Sheinfeld R, Alshaikh B. 2021. High early parenteral lipid in very preterm infants: a randomized-controlled Trial. J Pediatr. 228:1–9. [accessed 2022 Jun 6] doi: 10.1016/J.JPEDS.2020.08.024.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alja’nini Z, Merlino-Barr S, Brumfiel A, McNelis K, Viswanathan S, Collin M, Groh-Wargo S. 2021. Effect of parenteral nutrition duration on patterns of growth and body composition in very low-birth-weight premature infants. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 45(8):1673–1682. [accessed 2022 Jun 6] doi: 10.1002/JPEN.2278.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition. 2019. Appropriate Dosing for Parenteral Nutrition: ASPEN Recommendations [Internet]. [place unknown]; [accessed 2022 Aug 8]. https://www.nutritioncare.org/uploadedFiles/Documents/Guidelines_and_Clinical_Resources/PN%20Dosing%201-Sheet-Nov%202020-FINAL.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Antonio Costa-Orvay J, Figueras-Aloy J, Romera G, Closa-Monasterolo R, Carbonell-Estrany X. 2011. The effects of varying protein and energy intakes on the growth and body composition of very low birth weight infants. Nutr J. 10:140. [accessed 2019 Jan 27] (doi: 10.1186/1475-2891-10-140.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Binder C, Buchmayer J, Thajer A, Giordano V, Schmidbauer V, Harreiter K, Klebermass-Schrehof K, Berger A, Goeral K. 2021. Association between fat-free mass and brain size in extremely preterm infants. Nutrients. 13(12):4205. doi: 10.3390/NU13124205.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brandt I, Sticker EJ, Lentze MJ. 2003. Catch-up growth of head circumference of very low birth weight, small for gestational age preterm ­infants and mental development to adulthood. J Pediatr. 142(5):463–468. [accessed 2019 May 22] doi: 10.1067/mpd.2003.149.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Can E, Bülbül A, Uslu S, Cömert S, Bolat F, Nuhoğlu A. 2012. Effects of aggressive parenteral nutrition on growth and clinical outcome in preterm infants. Pediatr Int. 54(6):869–874. doi: 10.1111/j.1442-200X.2012.03713.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• dit Trolli SE, Kermorvant-Duchemin E, Huon C, Bremond-Gignac D, Lapillonne A. 2012. Early lipid supply and neurological development at one year in very low birth weight (VLBW) preterm infants. Early Hum Dev. 88 Suppl 1: S25–S9. doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2011.12.024.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fenton TR, Kim JH. 2013. A systematic review and meta-analysis to revise the Fenton growth chart for preterm infants. BMC Pediatr. 13(1):59. [accessed 2020 Sep 8] doi: 10.1186/1471-2431-13-59.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fewtrell MS, Lucas A, Cole TJ, Wells JCK. 2004. Prematurity and reduced body fatness at 8-12 y of age. Am J Clin Nutr. 80(2):436–440. [accessed 2022 Jun 12] doi: 10.1093/AJCN/80.2.436.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Forsum E, Olhager E, Törnqvist C. 2016. An evaluation of the Pea Pod system for assessing body composition of moderately premature ­infants. Nutrients [Internet]. 8(4):238. [accessed 2018 Aug 6] doi: 10.3390/nu8040238.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giannì ML, Mora S, Roggero P, Amato O, Piemontese P, Orsi A, Vegni C, Puricelli V, Mosca F. 2008. Regional fat distribution in children born preterm evaluated at school age. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 46(2):232–235. [accessed 2022 Jun 12] doi: 10.1097/MPG.0B013E31814D4DF9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Griffin IJ, Cooke RJ. 2012. Development of whole body adiposity in preterm infants. Early Hum Dev. 88 Suppl 1: s 19–S24. doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2011.12.023.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hay WW. 2013. Aggressive Nutrition of the Preterm Infant. Curr Pediatr Rep. 1(4):229–239. [accessed 2022 Jun 6] doi: 10.1007/S40124-013-0026-4.
   Google Scholar
• Joosten K, Embleton N, Yan W, Senterre T. 2018. ESPGHAN/ESPEN/ESPR guidelines on pediatric parenteral nutrition: energy. Clin Nutr. 37(6 Pt B):2309–2314. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2018.06.944.
   Google Scholar
• Julious SA. 2005. Sample size of 12 per group rule of thumb for a pilot study. Pharm Stat [Internet]. [. 4(4):287–291. accessed 2023 Aug 23] doi: 10.1002/pst.185.
   Google Scholar
• Lapillonne A, Griffin IJ. 2013. Feeding preterm infants today for later metabolic and cardiovascular outcomes. J Pediatr. 162(3 Suppl):S7–S16. [accessed 2022 Jun 9] doi: 10.1016/J.JPEDS.2012.11.048.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lubchenco LO, Delivoria-Papadopoulos M, Butterfield LJ, French JH, Metcalf D, Hix IE, Danick J, Dodds J, Downs M, Freeland E. 1972. Long-term follow-up studies of prematurely born infants. I. Relationship of handicaps to nursery routines. J Pediatr. 80(3):501–508. [accessed 2022 Jun 9] doi: 10.1016/S0022-3476(72)80517-1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ma G, Yao M, Liu Y, Lin A, Zou H, Urlando A, Wong WW, Nommsen-Rivers L, Dewey KG. 2004. Validation of a new pediatric air-displacement plethysmograph for assessing body composition in infants. Am J Clin Nutr. 79(4):653–660. [accessed 2018 Aug 6] doi: 10.1093/ajcn/79.4.653.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meyers JM, Greecher CP, Shaffer ML, Shenberger JS. 2013. Potential influence of total parenteral nutrition on body composition at discharge in preterm infants. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 26(15):1548–1553. [Internet]. [accessed 2022 Jun 6] doi: 10.3109/14767058.2013.793663.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moltu SJ, Strømmen K, Blakstad EW, Almaas AN, Westerberg AC, Brække K, Rønnestad A, Nakstad B, Berg JP, Veierød MB, et al. 2013. Enhanced feeding in very-low-birth-weight infants may cause electrolyte disturbances and septicemia–a randomized, controlled trial. Clin Nutr. 32(2):207–212. [accessed 2023 Dec 4] doi: 10.1016/J.CLNU.2012.09.004.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nagel EM, Gonzalez V JD, Bye JK, Super J, Demerath EW, Ramel SE. 2023. Enhanced parenteral nutrition is feasible and safe in very low birth weight preterm infants: a randomized trial. Neonatology [Internet]. 120(2):242–249. [accessed 2023 Feb 22]: doi: 10.1159/000527552.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Norris T, Ramel SE, Catalano P, Caoimh C. n, Roggero P, Murray D, Fields DA, Demerath EW, Johnson W. 2019. New charts for the assessment of body composition, according to air-displacement plethysmography, at birth and across the first 6 mo of life. Am J Clin Nutr. 109(5):1353–1360. [accessed 2023 Jan 5] doi: 10.1093/AJCN/NQY377.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pappoe TA, Wu SY, Pyati S. 2009. A randomized controlled trial comparing an aggressive and a conventional parenteral nutrition regimen in very low birth weight infants. J Neonatal Perinatal Med. 2(3):149–156. doi: 10.3233/NPM-2009-0062.
   Google Scholar
• Piemontese P, Liotto N, Mallardi D, Roggero P, Puricelli V, Giannì ML, Morniroli D, Tabasso C, Perrone M, Menis C, et al. 2018. The effect of human milk on modulating the quality of growth in preterm infants. Front Pediatr. 6:291. [accessed 2023 Dec 4] doi: 10.3389/FPED.2018.00291.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramel S, Ramel SE, Demerath EW, Gray HL, Younge N, Boys C, Georgieff MK. 2012. The relationship of poor linear growth velocity with neonatal illness and two-year neurodevelopment in preterm infants. Neonatology. 102(1):19–24. doi: 10.1159/000336127.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramel SE, Gray HL, Christiansen E, Boys C, Georgieff MK, Demerath EW. 2016. Greater early gains in fat free mass, but not fat mass, are associated with improved neurodevelopment at 1 year corrected age for prematurity in very low birth weight preterm infants. J Pediatr. 173:108–115. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.03.003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramel SE, Gray HL, Ode KL, Younge N, Georgieff MK, Demerath EW. 2011. Body composition changes in preterm infants following hospital discharge: comparison with term infants. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 53(3):333–338. [accessed 2022 Jun 9] doi: 10.1097/MPG.0B013E3182243AA7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Repa A, Lochmann R, Unterasinger L, Weber M, Berger A, Haiden N. 2016. Aggressive nutrition in extremely low birth weight infants: impact on parenteral nutrition associated cholestasis and growth. PeerJ. 4:e2483. doi: 10.7717/peerj.2483.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robinson DT, Calkins KL, Chen Y, Cober MP, Falciglia GH, Church DD, Mey J, McKeever L, Sentongo T. 2023. Guidelines for parenteral nutrition in preterm infants: the American Society for parenteral and enteral nutrition. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 47(7):830–858. [accessed 2023 Dec 4] doi: 10.1002/JPEN.2550.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roggero P, Giannì ML, Amato O, Orsi A, Piemontese P, Morlacchi L, Mosca F. 2009. Is term newborn body composition being achieved postnatally in preterm infants? Early Hum Dev. 85(6):349–352. doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2008.12.011.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sainz RD, Urlando A. 2003. Evaluation of a new pediatric air-displacement plethysmograph for body-composition assessment by means of chemical analysis of bovine tissue phantoms. Am J Clin Nutr. 77(2):364–370. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/77.2.364.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Šidák Z. 1967. Rectangular confidence regions for the means of multivariate normal distributions. J Am Stat Assoc. 62(318):626–633. doi: 10.1080/01621459.1967.10482935.
   Google Scholar
• Skullerud K. 1985. Variations in the size of the human brain. Influence of age, sex, body length, body mass index, alcoholism, Alzheimer changes, and cerebral atherosclerosis. Acta Neurol Scand Suppl. 102:1–94.
   Google Scholar
• Sonnberger H. 1989. Regression diagnostics: identifying influential data and sources of collinearity, by D. A. Belsley, K. Kuh and R. E. Welsch. (John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1980, pp. xv + 292, ISBN 0-471-05856-4, cloth $39.95. J Appl Econometrics. 4(1):97–99. doi: 10.1002/jae.3950040108.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stephens BE, Walden R. v, Gargus R, Tucker R, McKinley L, Mance M, Nye J, Vohr BR. 2009. First-week protein and energy intakes are associated with 18-month developmental outcomes in extremely low birth weight infants. Pediatrics. 123(5):1337–1343. doi: 10.1542/peds.2007-0545.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Urlando A, Dempster P, Aitkens S. 2003. A new air displacement plethysmograph for the measurement of body composition in infants. Pediatr Res. 53(3):486–492. [accessed 2016 Nov 7] doi: 10.1203/01.PDR.0000049669.74793.E3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uthaya S, Liu X, Babalis D, Doré CJ, Warwick J, Bell J, Thomas L, Ashby D, Durighel G, Ederies A, et al. 2016. Nutritional Evaluation and optimisation in Neonates: a randomized, double-blind controlled trial of amino acid regimen and intravenous lipid composition in preterm parenteral nutrition. Am J Clin Nutr. 103(6):1443–1452. [accessed 2022 Jun 6] doi: 10.3945/AJCN.115.125138.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson DC, Cairns P, Halliday HL, Reid M, McClure G, Dodge JA. 1997. Randomised controlled trial of an aggressive nutritional regimen in sick very low birthweight infants. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 77(1):F4–11. [accessed 2022 Jun 6] doi: 10.1136/FN.77.1.F4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zamir I, Tornevi A, Abrahamsson T, Ahlsson F, Engström E, Hallberg B, Hansen-Pupp I, Sjöström ES, Domellöf M. 2018. Hyperglycemia in ­extremely preterm infants—insulin treatment, mortality and nutrient intakes. J Pediatr. 200:104–110.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2018.03.049.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar