Classification of births by birth weight and gestational age: an application of multivariate mixture models

References

• BATTAGLIA, F. C., and LUBCHENCO, L. O., 1967, A practical classification of newborn infants by weight and gestational age. Journal of Pediatrics, 71, 159–163.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BRIMBLECOMBE, F. S. W., ASHFORD, J. R., and FRYER, J. G., 1968, Significance of low birthweight in perinatal mortality: a study of variations within England and Wales. British Journal of Preventive and Social Medicine, 22, 27–35.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• CASSADY, G., and STRANGE, M., 1987, The small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infant. In Neonatology, edited by G. B. Avery (Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott), pp. 299–331.
   Google Scholar
• EBERSTEIN, I. W., 1989, Demographic research on infant mortality. Sociological Forum, 4, 409–422.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FRYER, J. G., HUNT, R. G., and SIMONS, A. M., 1984, Biostatistical considerations: the case for using models. In Prevention of Perinatal Mortality and Morbidity, Vol. 3, edited by F. Falkner (Basel: Karger), pp. 9–30.
   Google Scholar
• GAGE, T. B., 2000, Variability of gestational age distributions by sex and ethnicity; an analysis using mixture models. American Journal of Human Biology, 12, 181–191.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GAGE, T. B., 2002a, Modeling birthweight and gestational age distributions: additive vs. multiplicative processes. American Journal of Human Biology, 14, 1–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GAGE, T. B., 2002b, Birth-weight-specific infant and neonatal mortality: effects of heterogeneity in the birth cohort. Human Biology, 74, 165–184.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GAGE, T. B., and THERRIAULT, G., 1998, Variability of birth-weight distributions by sex and ethnicity: analysis using mixture models. Human Biology, 70, 517–534.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GERONIMUS, A. T., 1996, Black/White differences in the relationship of maternal age to birthweight: a population-based test of the weathering hypothesis. Social Science and Medicine, 42, 589–597.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GODFREY, K. M., and BARKER, D. J. P., 2000, Fetal nutrition and adult disease. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 71 (Suppl.), 1344S–1352S.
   Google Scholar
• HOFFMAN, H. J., LUNDIN, J. F. E., BAKKETEIG, L. S., and HARLEY, E. E., 1977, Classification of births by weight and gestational age for future studies of prematurity. In Epidemiology of Prematurity, edited by D. M. Reed and F. J. Stanley (Baltimore: Urban & Schwarzenberg), pp. 297–333.
   Google Scholar
• INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE, 1985, Preventing Low Birthweight (Washington: National Academy Press).
   Google Scholar
• KARN, M. N., and PENROSE, L. S., 1951, Birthweight and gestation time in relation to maternal age, parity and infant survival. Annals of Eugenics, 16, 147–160.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• KLINE, J., STEIN, Z., and SUSSER, M., 1989, Conception to Birth: Epidemiology of Prenatal Development (New York: Oxford University Press).
   Google Scholar
• KRAMER, M. S., MCLEAN, F. H., BOYD, M. E., and USHER, R. H., 1988, The validity of gestational age estimation by menstrual dating in term, preterm, and postterm gestations. Journal of the American Medical Association, 260, 3306–3308.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LUBCHENCO, L. O., and KOOPS, B. L., 1987, Assessment of weight and gestational age. In Neonatology, edited by G. B. Avery (Philadelphia: J. P. Lippincott), pp. 235–257.
   Google Scholar
• LUBCHENCO, L. O., SEARLS, D. T., and BRAZIE, J. V., 1972, Neonatal mortality rate: relationship to birth weight and gestational age. Journal of Pediatrics, 81, 814–822.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MCLACHLAN, G. J., 1987, On bootstrapping the likelihood ratio test statistic for the number of components in a normal mixture. Applied Statistics, 36, 318–324.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MCLACHLAN, G. J., and PEEL, D., 2000, Finite Mixture Models (New York: Wiley).
   Google Scholar
• ROOTH, G., 1980, Low birthweight revised. Lancet, 22, 639–641.
   Google Scholar
• SAPPENFIELD, W. M., BUEHLER, J. W., BINKIN, N. J., HOGUE, C. J. R., STRAUSS, L. T., and SMITH, J. C., 1987, Differences in neonatal and postneonatal mortality by race, birth weight, and gestational age. Public Health Reports, 102, 182–192.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SUSSER, M., MAROLLA, F. M., and FLEISS, J., 1972, Birthweight, fetal age and perinanatal mortality. American Journal of Epidemiology, 96, 197–204.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• UMBACH, D. M., and Wfixox, A. J., 1996, A technique for measuring epidemiologically useful features of birthweight distributions. Statistics in Medicine, 15, 1333–1348.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• VAUPEL, J. W., MANTON, K. G., and STALLARD, E., 1979, The impact of heterogeneity in individual frailty on the dynamics of mortality. Demography, 16, 439–454.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WILCOX, A. J., and SKJOERVEN, R., 1992, Birth weight and perinatal mortality: the effect of gestational age. American Journal of Public Health, 82, 378–382.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar