Determinants of overweight associated with stunting in preschool children of Yaoundé, Cameroon

References

• Arimond M, Ruel MT. 2004. Dietary diversity, dietary quality, and child nutritional status: Evidence from eleven demographic and health surveys. Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance (FANTA) Project, Academy for Educational Development, Washington, DC.
   Google Scholar
• Barker DJP. Mothers, babies and disease in later life. BMJ Books, London 1994
   Google Scholar
• Baughcum AE, Powers SW, Johnson SB, Chamberlin LA, Deeks CM, Jain A, Whitaker RC. Maternal feeding practices and beliefs end their relationships to overweight in early childhood. Dev Behav Pediatr 2001; 22: 391–408
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baughcum AE, Chamberlin LA, Deeks CM, Powers SW, Whitaker RC. Maternal perceptions of overweight preschool children. Pediatrics 2000; 106: 1380–1386
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bogin N and Beydoun B. 2007. The relationship between sitting height ratio to body mass index in the United States, 1988–1994. Hum Ecol 15:1–8.
   Google Scholar
• Boutton TW, Trowbridge FL, Nelson MM, Wills CA, Smith EOB, de Romana GL, Madrid S, Mark JS, Klein PD. Body composition of Peruvian children with short stature and high weight-for-height. I Total body-water measurements and their prediction from anthropometric values. Am J Clin Nutr 1987; 45: 513–525
   Google Scholar
• Cameron N, Wright MM, Griffiths PL, Norris A, Pettifor JM. Stunting at 2 years in relation to body composition at 9 years in African urban children. Obesity Res 2005; 13: 131–136
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,National Center for Health Statistics. 2000. CDC growth chart: United States. Department of Health and Human Services, Hyattsville, MD.
   Google Scholar
• Clarkin PF. Methodological issues in the anthropometric assessment of Hmong children in the United States. Am J Hum Biol 2005; 17: 787–795
   Google Scholar
• Delisle H. La programmation foetale des maladies chroniques liées à la nutrition. Cahiers d’étude et de recherche francophone/santé 2002; 12: 56–63
   Google Scholar
• DHS. 2005. Demographic and Health Survey, Cameroon 2004, Macro International In., Calverton, MD, USA.
   Google Scholar
• Eckstein KC, Mikhail LM, Ariza AJ, Thomson JC, Millard SC, Binns HJ. Parents’ perceptions of their child's weight and health. Pediatrics 2006; 117: 681–690
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Emanuel I. Maternal health during childhood and later reproductive performance. Ann New York Acad Sci 1986; 477: 27–39
   Google Scholar
• Emanuel I. Intergenerational factors in pregnancy outcome: Implications for teratology?. Issues Rev Teratol 1993; 6: 47–84
   Google Scholar
• Fernald LC, Neufeld LM. Overweight with concurrent stunting in very young children from rural Mexico: Prevalence and associated factors. Eur J Clin Nutr 2007; 61: 623–632
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fezeu L, Minkoulou EM, Balkau B, Kengne AP, Awah P, Unwin N, Alberti G, Mbanya J-CN. Association between socioeconomic status and adiposity in urban Cameroon. Int J Epidemiol 2006; 35: 105–111
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fredriks AM, van Buuren S, van Heel WJM, Dijkam-Neerincx RHM, Verloove-Vanhorick SP, Wit JM. Nationwide age references for sitting height, leg length, and sitting height/height ratio, and their diagnostic value for disproportionate growth disorders. Arch Dis Child 2005; 90: 807–812
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Freeman JV, Power C, Rodgers B. Weight-for-height indices of adiposity: Relationships with height in childhood and early adult life. Int J Epidemiol 1995; 24: 970–976
   Google Scholar
• Frisancho AR. Anthropometric standards for the assessment of growth and nutritional status. The University of Michigan Press, Michigan 1990
   Google Scholar
• Frisancho AR. Reduced rate of fat oxidation: A metabolic pathway to obesity in the developing nations. Am J Hum Biol 2003; 15: 522–532
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Golden MH. The nature of nutritional deficiency in relation to growth failure and poverty. Acta Paediatrica Scand 1991; 374: 95–110
   Google Scholar
• Gartner A, Berger J, Simondon KB, Maire B, Traissac P, Ly C, San Miguel JL, Simondon F, Delpeuch F. Change in body water distribution index in infants who become stunted between 4 and 18 months of age. Eur J Clin Nutr 2003; 57: 1097–1106
   Google Scholar
• Hackie M, Bowles CL. Maternal perception of their overweight children. Public Health Nursing 2007; 24: 538–546
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hales CN, Barker D. The thrifty phenotype hypothesis. Br Med Bull 2001; 60: 5–20
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hernandez-Diaz S, Peterson KE, Dixit S, Hernandez B, Parra S, Barquera S, Sepulveda J, Rivera JA. Association of maternal short stature with stunting in Mexican children: Common genes vs. common environment. Eur J Clin Nutr 1999; 53: 938–945
   Google Scholar
• Hirschler V, Gonzalez C, Talgham S, Jadzinsky M. Do mothers of overweight Argentinean preschool children perceive them as such?. Pediatr Diabetes 2006; 7: 201–204
   Google Scholar
• Hoffman DJ, Martins PA, Roberts SB, Sawaya AL. Body fat distribution in stunted compared with normal-height children from the shantytowns of São Paulo, Brazil. Nutrition 2007; 23: 640–646
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoffman DJ, Sawaya AL, Verreschi I, Tucker KL, Roberts SB. Why are nutritionally stunted children at increased risk of obesity? Studies of metabolic rate and fat oxidation in shantytown children from Sao Paulo, Brazil. Am J Clin Nutr 2000; 72: 702–707
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kamadjeu RM, Edwards R, Atanga JS, Kiawi EC, Unwin N, Mbanya JC. Anthropometry measures and prevalence of obesity in the urban adult population of Cameroon: An update from the Cameroon Burden of Diabetes Baseline Survey. BMC Public Health 2006; 6: 228–235
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• TG Lohman, Roche AF, Martorell R, 1988. Anthropometric standardization reference manual. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
   Google Scholar
• Maire B, Lioret S, Gartner A, Delpeuch F. Transition nutritionnelle et maladie chronique non transmissibles lies à l'alimentation dans les pays en développement. Cahiers d’étude et de recherche francophone/Santé 2002; 12: 45–55
   Google Scholar
• Maire B, Delpeuch F. La transition nutritionnelle, l'alimentation et les villes dans les pays en développement. Cahiers d’étude et de recherche francophone/Agricultures 2004; 13: 23–30
   Google Scholar
• Mamabolo L, Alberts M, Steyn NP, Delemarre-van de Waal HA, Levitt NS. Prevalence and determinants of stunting and overweight in 3-year-old black South African children residing in the Central Region of Limpopo Province, South Africa. Public Health Nutr 2005; 8: 501–508
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martins PA, Hoffman DJ, Fernandes MTB, Nascimento CR, Roberts SB, Sesso R, Sawaya AL. Stunted children gain less lean body mass and more fat mass than their non-stunted counterparts: A prospective study. Br J Nutr 2004; 92: 819–825
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martorell R. Is wasting (thinness) a hidden problem in Latin America's children?. J Nutr 2001; 131: 1133–1134
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Norgan NG. Relative sitting height and the interpretation of the body mass index. Ann Hum Biol 1994; 21: 79–82
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Owen CG, Martin RM, Whincup PH, Smith GD, Cook DG. Effect of infant feeding on the risk of obesity across the life course: A quantitative review of published evidence. Pediatrics 2005; 115: 1367–1377
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pasquet P, Menguelle Dicoum Biyong A, Temgoua LS, Rikong H, Garba MT, Froment A. Overweight, prevalence and trends for urban children and adolescents in Central Africa. Ann Nutr Metab 2001; 45: 564
   Google Scholar
• Pasquet P, Melaman F, Temgoua LS, Froment A, Rikong-Adie H. Prevalence of overweight and obesity for urban adults in Cameroon. Ann Hum Biol 2003; 30: 551–562
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Popkin BM, Richards MK, Montero CA. Stunting is associated with overweight in children of 4 nations that undergoing the nutrition transition. J Nutr 1996; 126: 3009–3016
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Popkin BM. The nutrition transition in low-income countries: an emerging crisis. Nutr Rev 1994; 52: 285–298
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Post CLA, Victora CG. The low prevalence of weight-for-height deficits in Brazilian children is related to body proportions. J Nutr 2001; 131: 1290–1296
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Savy M, Martin-Prével Y, Traissac P, Delpeuch F. Measuring dietary diversity in rural Burkina Faso: comparison of a 1-day and a 3-day dietary recall. Public Health Nutr 2006; 10: 71–78
   Google Scholar
• Savy M, Martin-Prével Y, Sawadogo P, Kameli Y, Delpeuch F. Use of variety/diversity scores for diet quality measurement: Relation with nutritional status of women in a rural area in Burkina Faso. Eur J Clin Nutr 2005; 59: 703–716
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schroeder DG, Martorell R, Flores R. Infant and child growth and fatness and fat distribution in Guatemalan adults. Am J Epidemiol 1999; 49: 177–185
   Google Scholar
• Schroeder DG, Martorell R. Fatness and body mass index from birth to young adulthood in a rural Guatemalan population. Am J Clin Nutr 1999; 70: 137S–144S
   Google Scholar
• Sharma S, Cade J, Jackson M, Mbanya JC, Chungong S, Forrester T, Bennett T, Wilks R, Balkau B, Cruickshank JK. 1996. Development of food frequency questionnaires in three population samples of African origin from Cameroon, Jamaica and Caribbean migrants to the UK. Eur J Clin Nutr 50:479–486.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Surmain CE. Dynamique de l'alimentation et socialisation du jeune enfant à Brazzaville (Congo). Autrepart 2000; 15: 73–91
   Google Scholar
• Trowbridge FL, Marks JS, de Romana G, Madrid S, Boutton TW, Klein PD. Body composition of Peruvian children with short stature and high weight for-height. II Implications for the interpretation for weight-for-height as an indicator of nutritional status. Am J Clin Nutr 1987; 46: 411–418
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Varela-Silva MI, Frisancho AR, Bogin B, Chatkoff D, Smith PK, Dickinson F, Winham D. Behavioural, environmental, metabolic and intergenerational components of early Life undernutrition leading to later obesity in developing nations and in minority groups in the USA. Collegium Antropologicum 2007; 31: 39–46
   Google Scholar
• Walker SP, Grantham-McGregor S, Powell C, Fletcher P, Himes JH. Bioelectrical impedance, anthropometry and body composition in stunted and non-stunted children. Eur J Clin Nutr 1990; 44: 763–768
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walker SP, Gaskin PS, Powell CA, Bennett FI. The effects of birth weight and postnatal linear growth retardation on body mass index, fatness and fat distribution in mid and late childhood. Public Health Nutr 2001; 5: 391–396
   Google Scholar
• Wren RE, Blume H, Mazariegos M, Solomons N, Alvarez JO, Goran MI. Body composition, resting metabolic rate, and energy requirements of short- and normal-stature, low-income Guatemalan children. Am J Clin Nutr 1997; 66: 406–412
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WHO. 2000. Obesity. Preventing and managing the global epidemic. Report of a WHO consultation. Technical report series 894. World Health Organization, Geneva.
   Google Scholar
• WHO. 2006. Obesity and overweight. Fact Sheet WhO/311. World Health Organization, Geneva.
   Google Scholar