A Comparison of Night Hazard Detection between Younger and Older Drivers under Driving Simulation and Real-World Conditions

References

• Aksan, N., Hacker, S., Sager, L., Dawson, J., Anderson, S., & Rizzo, M. (2016). Correspondence between simulator and on road drive performance: Implications for assessment in driver safety. Geriatrics, 1(1), 8. https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics1010008
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Alferdinck, J. (2006). Target detection and driving behavior measurements in a driving simulator as mesopic light levels. Ophthalmic & Physiological Optics : The Journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists), 26(3), 264–280.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Allen, H. K., Beck, K. H., & Zanjani, F. (2019). Driving concerns among older adults: Assocations with driving skill, behaviors, and experiences. Traffic Injury Prevention, 20(1), 45–51. https://doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2018.1528358
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anstey, K. J., Wood, J., Lord, S., & Walker, J. G. (2005). Cognitive, sensory and physical factors enabling driving safety in older adults. Clinical Psychology Review, 25(1), 45–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2004.07.008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ashraf, H., Sodergren, M., Merali, N., Mylonas, G., Singh, H., & Darzi, A. (2018). Eye-tracking technology in medical education: Systematic review. Medical Teacher, 40(1), 62–69.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bahit, M., Wibirama, S., Nugroho, H., Wijayanto, T., & Winadi, M. (2016). Investigation of visual attention in day-night driving simulator during cybersickness occurrence [Paper presentation]. International Conference on Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
   Google Scholar
• Bedard, M. B., Parkkari, M., Weaver, B., Riendeau, J., & Dahlquist, M. (2010). Assessment of driving performance using a simulator protocol: Validity and reproducibility. The American Journal of Occupational Therapy : Official Publication of the American Occupational Therapy Association, 64(2), 336–340. https://doi.org/10.5014/ajot.64.2.336
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bédard, M., Parkkari, M., Weaver, B., Riendeau, J., & Dahlquist, M. (2010). Assessment of driving performance using a simulator protocol: Validity and reproducibility. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 64(2), 336–340.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bella, F., Calvi, A., & D’Amico, F. (2014). Analysis of driver speeds under night driving conditions using a driving simulator. Journal of Safety Research, 49, 45–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2014.02.007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bergen, G., West, B. A., Luo, F., Bird, D. C., Freund, K., Fortinsky, R. H., & Staplin, L. (2017). How do older adult drivers self-regulate? Characteristics of self-regulation classes defined by latent class analysis. Journal of Safety Research, 61, 205–210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2017.01.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bird, D. C., Freund, K., Fortinsky, R. H., Staplin, L., West, B. A., Bergen, G., & Downs, J. (2017). Driving self-regulation and ride service utilization in a multicommunity, multistate sample of U.S. older adults. Traffic Injury Prevention, 18(3), 267–272. https://doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2016.1198008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bullough, J. D., Skinner, N. P., Pysar, R. M., Radetsky, L. C., Smith, A. M., & Rea, M. S. (2008). Nighttime glare and driving performance: Research findings. Technical report DOT# HS-811-043, National Highway and Traffic Safety Administration.
   Google Scholar
• Caird, J., Edwards, C., Creaser, J., & Horrey, W. (2005). Older driver failures of attention at intersections: Using change blindness methods to assess turn decision accuracy. Human Factors, 47(2), 235–249.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Charlton, J. L., Oxley, J., Fildes, B., Oxley, P., & Newstead, S. (2003). Self-regulatory behaviours of older drivers. Annual Proceedings. Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine, 47, 181–194.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cochran, L., & Dickerson, A. (2019). Driving while navigating: On-road performance using GPS or printed instructions. Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy. Revue Canadienne D’ergotherapie, 86(1), 61–69. doi.org/10.1177%2F0008417419831390
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Contardi, S., Pizza, F., Sancisi, E., Mondini, S., & Cirignotta, F. (2004). Reliability of a driving simulation task for evaluation of sleepiness. Brain Research Bulletin, 63(5), 427–431. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainresbull.2003.12.016
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crisler, M., Brooks, J., Venhovens, P., Healy, S., Hirth, V., McKee, J., & Duckworth, K. (2012). Seniors’ and physicians’ attitudes toward using driving simulators in clinical settings. Occupational Therapy in Health Care, 26(1), 1–15.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dellinger, A. M., Sehgal, M., Sleet, D. A., & Barrett-Connor, E. (2001). Driving cessation: What older former drivers tell us. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 49(4), 431–435. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1532-5415.2001.49087.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dickerson, A. E. (2012). Driving as a valued occupation. Appendix A. In Maguire & Schold Davis (Eds.), Driving and community mobility: Occupational therapy strategies across the lifespan. Bethesda, MD: AOTA Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Dickerson, A. E., Reistetter, T., & Gaudy, J. R. (2013). The perception of meaningfulness and performance of instrumental activities of daily living from the perspectives of the medically at-risk older adults and their caregivers. Journal of Applied Gerontology, 32(6), 749–764. https://doi.org/10.1177/0733464811432455
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dickerson, A. E., Reistetter, T., Burhans, S., & Apple, K. (2016). Typical brake reaction times across the life span. Occupational Therapy in Health Care, 30(2), 115–123. https://doi.org/10.3109/07380577.2015.1059971
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dickerson, A., Gartz, R., Eaker, M., & Clark, B. (2019). Scanning for critical events during driving: Visual scanning using eye tracking technology on a driving simulator. [Abstract. Innovation in Aging, 3(Supplement_1), S343–S344.
   Google Scholar
• Doroudgar, S., Chuang, H., Perry, P., Thomas, K., Bohnert, K., & Canedo, J. (2017). Driving performance comparing older versus younger drivers. Traffic Injury Prevention, 18(1), 41–46.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fildes, B., Charlton, J., Muir, C., & Koppel, S. (2007). Driving responses of older and younger drivers in a driving simulator. In Annual Proceedings/Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (Vol. 51, pp. 559–572).
   Google Scholar
• Friedland, H., Snycerski, S., Palmer, E. M., & Laraway, S. (2017). The effectiveness of glare‑reducing glasses on simulated nighttime driving performance in younger and older adults. Cognition, Technology & Work, 19(4), 571–586.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gegenfurtner, K. R., Mayser, H., & Sharpe, L. T. (1999). Seeing movement in the dark. Nature, 398(6727), 475–476.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gruber, N., Mosimann, U. P., Müri, R. M., & Nef, T. (2013). Vision and night driving abilities of elderly drivers. Traffic Injury Prevention, 14(5), 477–485.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gwyther, H., & Holland, C. (2012). The effect of age, gender and attitudes on self-regulation in driving. Accident; Analysis and Prevention, 45, 19–28.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harada, C. N., Natelson Love, M. C., & Triebel, K. L. (2013). Normal cognitive aging. Clinics in Geriatric Medicine, 29(4), 737–752.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haycock, B. C., Campos, J. L., Koenraad, N., Potter, M., & Advani, S. K. (2019). Creating headlight glare in a driving simulator. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 61(F), 93–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2017.10.006
   Google Scholar
• Heiting, G. (2017). How your vision changes as you age. All about vision. https://www.allaboutvision.com/over60/vision-changes.htm
   Google Scholar
• Hohorst, W., Kinder, C., Lodha, N., & Smith, B. (2019). Is simulator-based driver rehabilitation missing motion feedback? [Conference paper] [Paper presentation]. 2019 16th IEEE International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics, Toronto, Canada.
   Google Scholar
• Kimlin, J., Black, A., & Wood, J. (2017). Nighttime driving in older adults: Effects of glare and association with mesopic visual function. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, 58(5), 2796–2803.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, H. C., Cameron, D., & Lee, A. H. (2003). Assessing the driving performance of older adult drivers: On-road versus simulated driving. Accident; Analysis and Prevention, 35(5), 797–803. https://ac.els-cdn.com/S0001457502000830/1-s2.0-S0001457502000830-main.pdf?_tid=be9b9b2d-2b0d-4d38-8c98-43433789e147&acdnat=1530020726_f59a6a4b7f584aee528b2f9bf2daefd9 https://doi.org/10.1016/s0001-4575(02)00083-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, H. C., Lee, A. H., Cameron, D., & Li-Tsang, C. (2003). Using a driving simulator to identify older drivers at inflated risk of motor vehicle crashes. Journal of Safety Research, 34(4), 453–459. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2003.09.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lew, H. L., Poole, J. H., Lee, E. H., Jaffe, D. L., Huang, H. C., & Brodd, E. (2005). Predictive validity of driving-simulator assessments following traumatic brain injury: A preliminary study. Brain Injury, 19(3), 177–188. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699050400017171
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mackenzie, A., & Harris, J. (2015). Eye movements and hazard perception in active and passive driving. Visual Cognition, 23(6), 736–757.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matowicki, M., & Přibyl, O. (2017). Cross-study research on utility and validity of driving simulator for driver behavior analysis. Acta Polytechnica CTU Proceedings, 12, 68–73.
   Google Scholar
• Mayhew, D. R., Simpson, H. M., Wood, K. M., Lonero, L., Clinton, K. M., & Johnson, A. G. (2011). On-road and simulated driving: Concurrent and discriminant validation. Journal of Safety Research, 42(4), 267–275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2011.06.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McDonald, M. G. (2019). Using eye tracking technology to compare hazard detection in vehicle driving versus interactive driving simulator across two age groups [Master’s thesis, East Carolina University]. Scholarship Institutional Repository.
   Google Scholar
• Molnar, L., Eby, D., Bogard, S., LeBlanc, D., & Zakrajsek, J. (2018). Using naturalistic driving data to better understand the driving exposure and patterns of older drivers. Traffic Injury Prevention, 19(sup1), S83–S88.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mullen, N., Charlton, J., Devlin, A., & Bédard, M. (2011). Simulation validity: Behaviors observed on the simulator and on the road. In D. L. Fisher, M. Rizzo, J. Caird, & J. D. Lee (Eds.), Handbook of driving simulation for engineering, medicine and psychology (1st ed., pp. 1–18). CRC Press.
   Google Scholar
• Owsley, C., Stalvey, B., Wells, J., & Sloane, M. (1999). Older drivers and cataract: Driving habits and crash risk. The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 54(4), M203–M211.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oxley, J., & Charlton, J. L. (2009). Attitudes to and mobility impacts of driving cessation: Differences between current and former drivers. Topics in Geriatric Rehabilitation, 25(1), 43–54. https://doi.org/10.1097/TGR.0b013e3181914aeb.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patomella, A. H., Tham, K., & Kottorp, A. (2006). P-drive: Assessment of driving performance after stroke. Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, 38(5), 273–279. https://doi.org/10.1080/16501970600632594
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pelletier, A. L., Rojas-Roldan, L., & Coffin, J. (2016). Vision loss in older adults. American Family Physician, 94(3), 219–226.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pomidor, A. (2019). Clinician’s guide to assessing and counseling older drivers (4th ed.). American Geriatrics Society (AGS).
   Google Scholar
• Robbins, C., Allen, H., & Chapman, P. (2019). Comparing drivers’ visual attention at junctions in real and simulated environments. Applied Ergonomics, 80, 89–101.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Romoser, M., & Fisher, D. (2009). The effect of active versus passive training strategies on improving older drivers’ scanning in intersections. Journal of the Human Factors, 51(5), 652–668.
   Google Scholar
• Romoser, M., Pollatsek, A., Fisher, D., & Williams, C. (2013). Comparing the glance patterns of older versus younger experienced drivers: Scanning for hazards while approaching and entering the intersection. Transportation Research. Part F, Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 16, 104–116.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saryazdi, R., Bak, K., & Campos, J. (2019). Inattentional blindness during driving in younger and older adults. Frontiers in Psychology, 10(880), 880.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schwarga, A., Wetherington, C., & Dickerson, A. E. (2014, March). Evaluating the use of an interactive driving simulator from the perspective of occupational therapy practitioners and older adults [Paper presentation]. AOTA Conference, Baltimore, MD.
   Google Scholar
• Shechtman, O., Classen, S., Awadzi, K., & Mann, W. (2009). Comparison of driving errors between on-the-road and simulated driving assessment: A validation study. Traffic Injury Prevention, 10(4), 379–385.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stinchcombe, A., Maxwell, H., Gibbons, C., Dickerson, A. E., & Bédard, M. (2017). Chapter 17: Simulation driving performance in older adults. In S. Classen (Ed.), Best evidence and best practices in driving simulation: A guide for health care professionals (pp. 201–212). AOTA Press.
   Google Scholar
• Stuart, S., Alcock, L., Godfrey, A., Lord, S., Rochester, L., & Galna, B. (2016). Accuracy and re-test reliability of mobile eye-tracking in Parkinson’s disease and older adults. Medical Engineering & Physics, 38(3), 308–315.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sullivan, K., Smith, S., Horswill, S., & Lurie-Beck, J. (2011). Older adults’ safety perceptions of driving situations: Towards a new driving self-regulation scale. Accident; Analysis and Prevention, 43(3), 1003–1009.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Systems Technology Inc. (2013). SDOT user manual.
   Google Scholar
• Tobii Technology AB. (2016, April). User’s manual Tobii Pro Glasses Analyzer. Tobii Pro. https://bmslab.utwente.nl/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Tobii-Pro-Glasses-2-Analyzer-manual.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Van den Berg, J. T. P., Rijn, L., Kaper-Bongers, R., Vonhoff, D. J., Volker-Dieben, H. J., Grabner, G., Nischler, C., Emesz, M., Wilhelm, H., Gamer, D., Schuster, A., Franssen, L., de Wit, G. C., & Coppens, J. E. (2009). Disability glare in aging eye: Assessment and Impact on Driving. Journal of Optometry, 2(3), 112–118. https://doi.org/10.3821/joptom.2009.112
   Google Scholar
• Youngquist, S. T., Liao, M., Hartsell, S., Walker, M., Kartchner, N. J., & Nirula, R. (2015). Acute medical impairment among elderly patients involved in motor vehicle collisions. Injury, 46(8), 1497–1502. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.injury.2015.04.012
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zito, G., Cazzoli, D., Scheffler, L., Jäger, M., Müri, R., Mosimann, U., Nyffeler, T., Mast, F., & Nef, T. (2015). Street crossing behavior in younger and older pedestrians: An eye-and head-tracking study. BMC Geriatrics, 15(176), 176.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar