The acute and temporary modulation of PERIOD genes by hydrocortisone in healthy subjects

References

• Archer SN, Carpen JD, Gibson M, et al. (2010). Polymorphism in the PER3 promoter associates with diurnal preference and delayed sleep phase disorder. Sleep. 33:695–701.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Archer SN, Robilliard DL, Skene DJ, et al. (2003). A length polymorphism in the circadian clock gene Per3 is linked to delayed sleep phase syndrome and extreme diurnal preference. Sleep. 26:413–5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Archer SN, Viola AU, Kyriakopoulou V, et al. (2008). Inter-individual differences in habitual sleep timing and entrained phase of endogenous circadian rhythms of BMAL1, PER2 and PER3 mRNA in human leukocytes. Sleep. 31:608–17.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Balsalobre A, Brown SA, Marcacci L, et al. (2000). Resetting of circadian time in peripheral tissues by glucocorticoid signaling. Science. 289:2344–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Broeders S, Huber I, Grohmann L, et al. (2014). Guidelines for validation of qualitative real-time PCR methods. Trends Food Sci Tech. 37:113–26
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown SA, Zumbrunn G, Fleury-Olela F, et al. (2002). Rhythms of mammalian body temperature can sustain peripheral circadian clocks. Curr Biol. 12:1574–83.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buijs RM, Wortel J, van Heerikhuize, JJ, et al. (1999). Anatomical and functional demonstration of a multisynaptic suprachiasmatic nucleus adrenal (cortex) pathway. Eur J Neurosci. 11:1535–44.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buijs RM, Wortel J, van Heerikhuize, JJ, Kalsbeek A (1997). Novel environment induced inhibition of corticosterone secretion: Physiological evidence for a suprachiasmatic nucleus mediated neuronal hypothalamo-adrenal cortex pathway. Brain Res. 758:229–36.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burioka N, Takata M, Okano Y, et al. (2005). Dexamethasone influences human clock gene expression in bronchial epithelium and peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro. Chronobiol Int. 22:585–90.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Charmandari E, Chrousos GP, Lambrou GI, et al. (2011). Peripheral CLOCK regulates target-tissue glucocorticoid receptor transcriptional activity in a circadian fashion in man. PLoS One. 6:e25612.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheng MY, Bullock CM, Li C, et al. (2002). Prokineticin 2 transmits the behavioural circadian rhythm of the suprachiasmatic nucleus. Nature. 417:405–10.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheon S, Park N, Cho S, Kim K (2013). Glucocorticoid-mediated Period2 induction delays the phase of circadian rhythm. Nucleic Acids Res. 41:6161–74.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Conway-Campbell BL, Sarabdjitsingh RA, et al. (2010). Glucocorticoid ultradian rhythmicity directs cyclical gene pulsing of the clock gene period 1 in rat hippocampus. J Neuroendocrinol. 22:1093–100.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cuesta M, Cermakian N, Boivin DB. (2015). Glucocorticoids entrain molecular clock components in human peripheral cells. FASEB J. 29:1360–70.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dallmann R, Touma C, Palme R, et al. (2006). Impaired daily glucocorticoid rhythm in Per1 (Brd) mice. J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol. 192:769–75.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Damiola F, Le Minh N, Preitner N, et al. (2000). Restricted feeding uncouples circadian oscillators in peripheral tissues from the central pacemaker in the suprachiasmatic nucleus. Genes Dev. 14:2950–61.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fukuoka Y, Burioka N, Takata M, et al. (2005). Glucocorticoid administration increases hPer1 mRNA levels in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro or in vivo. J Biol Rhythms. 20:550–3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gery S, Komatsu N, Baldjyan L, et al. (2006). The circadian gene per1 plays an important role in cell growth and DNA damage control in human cancer cells. Mol Cell. 22:375–82.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hastings MH, Brancaccio M, Maywood ES (2014). Circadian pacemaking in cells and circuits of the suprachiasmatic nucleus. J Neuroendocrinol. 26:2–10.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kalinyak JE, Dorin RI, Hoffman AR, Perlman AJ. (1987). Tissue-specific regulation of glucocorticoid receptor mRNA by dexamethasone. J Biol Chem. 262:10441–4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kalsbeek A, Buijs RM, van Heerikhuize, JJ, et al. (1992). Vasopressin-containing neurons of the suprachiasmatic nuclei inhibit corticosterone release. Brain Res. 580:62–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ko CH, Takahashi JS (2006). Molecular components of the mammalian circadian clock. Hum Mol Genet. 15 Spec No 2:R271–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koyanagi S, Okazawa S, Kuramoto Y, et al. (2006). Chronic treatment with prednisolone represses the circadian oscillation of clock gene expression in mouse peripheral tissues. Mol Endocrinol. 20:573–83.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kramer A, Yang FC, Snodgrass P, et al. (2001). Regulation of daily locomotor activity and sleep by hypothalamic EGF receptor signaling. Science. 294:2511–5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kusanagi H, Hida A, Satoh K, et al. (2008). Expression profiles of 10 circadian clock genes in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Neurosci Res. 61:136–42.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lamia KA, Papp SJ, Yu RT, et al. (2011). Cryptochromes mediate rhythmic repression of the glucocorticoid receptor. Nature. 480:552–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laue L, Chrousos GP, Loriaux DL, et al. (1988). The antiglucocorticoid and antiprogestin steroid RU 486 suppresses the adrenocorticotropin response to ovine corticotropin releasing hormone in man. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 66:290–3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nader N, Chrousos GP, Kino T (2009). Circadian rhythm transcription factor CLOCK regulates the transcriptional activity of the glucocorticoid receptor by acetylating its hinge region lysine cluster: Potential physiological implications. FASEB J. 23:1572–83.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nader N, Chrousos GP, Kino T (2010). Interactions of the circadian CLOCK system and the HPA axis. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 21:277–86.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oster H, Damerow S, Kiessling S, et al. (2006). The circadian rhythm of glucocorticoids is regulated by a gating mechanism residing in the adrenal cortical clock. Cell Metab. 4:163–73.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pendergast JS, Niswender KD, Yamazaki S. (2012). Tissue-specific function of Period3 in circadian rhythmicity. PLoS One. 7:e30254.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pratt WB. (1990). Glucocorticoid receptor structure and the initial events in signal transduction. Prog Clin Biol Res. 322:119–32.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Presul E, Schmidt S, Kofler R, Helmberg A (2007). Identification, tissue expression, and glucocorticoid responsiveness of alternative first exons of the human glucocorticoid receptor. J Mol Endocrinol. 38:79–90.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reddy TE, Gertz J, Crawford GE, et al. (2012). The hypersensitive glucocorticoid response specifically regulates period 1 and expression of circadian genes. Mol Cell Biol. 32:3756–67.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reddy TE, Pauli F, Sprouse RO, et al. (2009). Genomic determination of the glucocorticoid response reveals unexpected mechanisms of gene regulation. Genome Res. 19:2163–71.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sartor O, Cutler GB. (1996). Mifepristone: Treatment of Cushing’s syndrome. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 39:506–10.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scheinman RI, Gualberto A, Jewell CM, et al. (1995). Characterization of mechanisms involved in transrepression of NF-kappa B by activated glucocorticoid receptors. Mol Cell Biol. 15:943–53.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schilling TM, Kölsch M, Larra MF, et al. (2013). For whom the bell (curve) tolls: Cortisol rapidly affects memory retrieval by an inverted U-shaped dose-response relationship. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 38:1565–72.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmittgen TD, Livak KJ (2008). Analyzing real-time PCR data by the comparative C(T) method. Nat Protoc. 3:1101–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schote AB, Turner JD, Schiltz J, Muller CP (2007). Nuclear receptors in human immune cells: Expression and correlations. Mol Immunol. 44:1436–45.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shearman LP, Jin X, Lee C, et al. (2000). Targeted disruption of the mPer3 gene: Subtle effects on circadian clock function. Mol Cell Biol. 20:6269–75.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shearman LP, Zylka MJ, Weaver DR, et al. (1997). Two period homologs: Circadian expression and photic regulation in the suprachiasmatic nuclei. Neuron. 19:1261–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shigeyoshi Y, Taguchi K, Yamamoto S, et al. (1997). Light-induced resetting of a mammalian circadian clock is associated with rapid induction of the mPer1 transcript. Cell. 91:1043–53.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith DF, Toft DO (1993). Steroid receptors and their associated proteins. Mol Endocrinol. 7:4–11.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stavreva DA, Wiench M, John S, et al. (2009). Ultradian hormone stimulation induces glucocorticoid receptor-mediated pulses of gene transcription. Nat Cell Biol. 11:1093–102.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stokkan KA, Yamazaki S, Tei H, et al. (2001). Entrainment of the circadian clock in the liver by feeding. Science. 291:490–3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sujino M, Furukawa K, Koinuma S, et al. (2012). Differential entrainment of peripheral clocks in the rat by glucocorticoid and feeding. Endocrinology. 153:2277–86.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tahara Y, Shiraishi T, Kikuchi Y, et al. (2015). Entrainment of the mouse circadian clock by sub-acute physical and psychological stress. Sci Rep. 5:11417.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verrey F (1998). Early aldosterone effects. Exp Nephrol. 6:294–301.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yamamoto T, Nakahata Y, Tanaka M, et al. (2005). Acute physical stress elevates mouse period1 mRNA expression in mouse peripheral tissues via a glucocorticoid-responsive element. J Biol Chem. 280:42036–43.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang S, Liu A, Weidenhammer A, et al. (2009). The role of mPer2 clock gene in glucocorticoid and feeding rhythms. Endocrinology. 150:2153–60.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar