67
Views
29
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

The form and use of written communication produced by physically disabled individuals using microcomputers

, , , &
Pages 115-124 | Published online: 12 Jul 2009

References

  • Berninger, V. W., & Gans, B. M. (1986a). Language profiles in nonspeaking individuals of normal intelligence with severe cerebral palsy. Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 2, 45–50.
  • Berninger, V. W., & Gans, B. M. (1986b). Assessing word processing capability of the nonvocal, nonwriting. Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 2, 56–63.
  • Blau, A. (1986). The development of literacy skills for severely speech and writing-impaired children. In S. W. Blackstone (Ed.), Augment-ative communication: An introduction (pp. 293–299). Rockville, MD: American Speech-Language-Hearing Association.
  • Borden, P. A., &Vanderheiden, G. C. (1988). Communication, control, and computer access for disabled and elderly individuals: Resource book 4. Madison, WI: Trace Research and Development Center.
  • Brandenburg, S. A., & Vanderheiden, G. C. (1987). Communication, control, and computer access for disabled and elderly individuals: Resource book 3. Boston: Little, Brown.
  • Britton, J. (1975). Teaching writing. In A. Davies (Ed.), Problems of language and learning (pp. 113–133). London: Heinemann. Brown, R. (1973). A first language: The early stages. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Cicci, R. (1980). Written language disorders. Bulletin of the Orton Society, 30, 240–250.
  • Dagenais, D. J., Beadle, K. R. (1984). Written language: When and where to begin. Topics in Language Disorders, 4 (2), 59–85.
  • Dauite, C. (1981). Psycholinguistic foundations of the writing process. Research in the Teaching of English, 15 (1), 5–22.
  • Duques, S. L. (1984). The writing process and breakdowns. Unpub-lished study. University of Connecticut.
  • Franzkowiak, T. (1985). Machines, computers and things: Blissvm- bols and high technology. Communicating Together, 3 (2) 6–8:
  • Greenburg, K. L. (1987). Defining, teaching and testing basic writing competence. Topics in Language Disorders, 1(4), 31–41.
  • Halliday, M. A. K. (1976). System and functions in language. Toronto, ON: Oxford University Press.
  • Hammill, D. D., & Larsen, S. C. (1978). Test of written language (TOWL). Austin, TX; Pro-Ed.
  • Hayes, J. R., & Flower, L. S. (1987). On the structure of the writing process. Topics in Language Disorders, 7(4), 19–30.
  • Kelford, A. M., & Thurston, S. A. (1986). A model for the assessment of the written communication of nonspeaking physically disabled individuals who use microcomputers. Unpublished master's re-search project, University of Toronto, Department of Speech-Lan-guage Pathology, Toronto, ON.
  • Koke, S., &. Neilson, J. (1987). The effect of auditory feedback on the spelling of nonspeaking physically disabled individuals. Unpub-lished master's research project, University of Toronto, Department of Speech-Language Pathology, Toronto, ON.
  • Kraat, A. (1985). Communication interaction between aid users and natural speakers. An IPCAS study report. Toronto: Canadian Re-habilitation Council.
  • Liberman, I. Y., & Shankweiler, D. (1985)., Phonology and the prob-lems of learning to read and write. Remedial and Special Education, 6, 8–17.
  • Light, J., & Parnes, P. (1985). Towards effective written communica-tion by nonspeaking physically disabled persons via microcompu-ters. Internal document, Augmentative Communication Service. Hugh MacMillan Medical Centre, Toronto, ON.
  • Lund, N., & Duchan, J.(1983). Assessing children's language in naturalistic contexts. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
  • Mason, J. M., & Au, K. H. (1986). Reading for instruction for today. Glenview, IL: Scott, Foresman.
  • Myklebust, H. (1965). Development and disorders of written language (Vol. 1). New York: Grune & Stratton.
  • Quirk, R., & Greenbaum, S. (1973). A university grammar of English. Essex, England: Longman.
  • Rubin, H., & Liberman, I. (1983). Exploring the oral and written language errors made by language disabled children. Annals of Dyslexia, 33, 111–120.
  • Temple, C. A., Nathan, R. G., & Burris, N. A. (1982). The beginnings of writing. Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
  • van Kleeck, A., &. Schuele, C. M. (1987). Precursors to literacy. Topics in Language Disorders, 7 (2), 13–31.
  • Vanderheiden, G. C., & Lloyd, L. L. (1986). Communication systems and their components. In S. W. Blackstone (Ed.), Augmentative communication: An introduction (pp. 49–161). Rockville, MD: Amer-ican Speech-Language-Hearing Association.
  • Waldron, K., Gordon, G., & Shane, H. (1985). An examination of expressive language in a non-speaking adult In A. Kraat (Ed.), Communication between aid users and natural speakers: An IPCAS study report (pp. 237–238). Toronto: Canadian Rehabilitation Council.
  • Weiner, E. (1980). Diagnostic evaluation of writing skills. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 13, 48–53.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.