Advanced search
Publication Cover
Nordic Journal of Psychiatry Volume 55, 2001 - Issue 6
Submit an article Journal homepage
183
Views
20
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Life situation and posttraumatic symptoms: A follow-up study of refugees from the former Yugoslavia living in Sweden

Gunilla Kivling-Bodén Department of Psychology, Umea˚University, SE-901 87 Umea˚, Sweden
Pages 401-408 | Published online: 12 Jul 2009

  • Ginsburg BE. Migration and welfare. Scand J Soc Welfare 1994:3:102-8.
  • Hauff E, Vaglum P. Integration of Vietnamese refugees into the Norwegian labor market: the impact of war trauma. Int Migr Rev 1993;27:388-405.
  • Hauff E, Vaglum P. Establishing social contact in exile: a prospective community cohort study of Vietnamese refugees in Norway. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 1997;32:408-15.
  • Hermansson A-C, Timpka T. War-wounded refugees: labour market integration after two years in Sweden. Scand J Soc Welfare 1996;5:278-85.
  • Hermansson A-C, Tyberg M. Krigsskadade flyktingar på den svenska arbetsmarknaden (War-wounded refugees in the Swedish labor market). Socialmed Tidskr 2000; 1:66-72.
  • Roselius M. Fyra etniska gruppers förankring i Sverige och dess samband med hälsan (The integration of four ethnic groups in Sweden and its relationship to their health). Socialmed Tidskr 2000:1:23-31.
  • Specialbearbetning av arbetskraftsundersökning (AKU) 1997 (Special analysis of labor force investigations, 1997). Stockholm: Statistiska Centralbyran (National Statistics Office of Sweden); 1997.
  • Lavik NJ, Hauff E, Skrondal A, Solberg Ø. Mental disorder among refugees and the impact of persecution and exile: some findings from an out-patient population. Br J Psychiatry 1996:169:726-32.
  • Mollica RF, Donelan K, Tor S, Lavelle J, Elias C, Frankel M, et al. The effect of trauma and confinement on functional health and mental health status of Cambodians living in Thailand-Cambodia border camps. JAMA 1993;270:581-6.
  • Silove D, Sinnerbrink I, Field A, Manicavasagar V, Steel Z. Anxiety, depression and PTSD in asylum-seekers: associations with pre-migration trauma and post-migration Stressors. Br J Psychiatry 1997; 170:351-7.
  • Silove D, Steel Z, McGorry P, Mohan P. Trauma exposure, postmigration Stressors, and symptoms of anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress in Tamil asylum-seekers: comparison with refugees and immigrants. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1998:97:175-81.
  • Gorst-Unsworth C, Goldenberg E. Psychological sequelae and organised violence suffered by refugees from Iraq. Br J Psychiatry 1998:172:90-4.
  • Hauff E, Vaglum P. Organised violence and the stress of exile. Predictors of mental health in a community cohort of Vietnamese refugees three years after resettlement Br J Psychiatry 1995:166:360-7.
  • Nicholson BL. The influence of pre-emigration and postemigration Stressors on mental health: a study of Southeast Asian refugees. Soc Work Res 1997:21:19-31.
  • Van der Kolk BA, Pelcovitz D, Roth S, Mandel FS, McFarlane A, Herman JL. Dissociation, somatization, and affect dysregulation: the complexity of adaptation to trauma. Am J Psychiatry 1996; 153:83-93.
  • Yehuda R, McFarlane AC. Conflict between current knowledge about posttraumatic stress disorder and its original conceptual basis. Am J Psychiatry 1995;152:1705-13.
  • Sack WH, Him C, Dickason D. Twelve-year follow-up study of Khmer youths who suffered massive war trauma as children. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1999;38:1173-9.
  • Kluznik JC, Speed N, Van Valkenburg C, Magraw R. Fortyyear follow-up of United States prisoners of wars. Am J Psychiatry 1986:143:1443-6.
  • Speed N, Engdahl B, Schwartz J, Eberly R. Posttraumatic stress disorder as a consequence of the POW experience. J Nerv Ment Dis 1989;177:147-53.
  • Yehuda R, Elkin A, Binder-Brynes K, Kahana B, Southwick S Schmeidler J, et al. Dissociation in aging Holocaust survivors. Am J Psychiatry 1996; 153:935-40.
  • Kinzie JD, Denney D, Riley C, Boehnlein J, McFarland B, Leung P. A crosscultural study of reactivation of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms. American and Cambodian Psychophysiological response to viewing traumatic video scenes. J Nerv Ment Dis 1998;186:670-6.
  • Bazger Malekzai AS, Niazi JM, Paige SR, Hendricks SE, Fitzpatrick D, Leuschen MP, et al. Modification of CAPS-1 for diagnosis of PTSD in Afghan refugees. J Trauma Stress 1996:9:891-8.
  • Bernstein Carlson E, Rosser-Hogan R. Trauma experiences, posttraumatic stress, dissociation, and depression in Cambodian refugees. Am J Psychiatry 1991;148:1548-51.
  • Ekblad S, Wennström C. Relationships between traumatic life events, symptoms and Sense of Coherence subscale Meaningfulness in a group of refugee and immigrant patients referred to a psychiatric outpatient clinic in Stockholm. Scand J Soc Welfare 1997:6:279-85.
  • Hauff E, Vaglum P. Chronic posttraumatic stress disorder in Vietnamese refugees. A prospective community study of prevalence, course, psychopathology, and Stressors. J Nerv Ment Dis 1994:182:85-90.
  • Holtz T. Refugee trauma versus torture trauma: a retrospective controlled cohort study of Tibetan refugees. J Nerv Ment Dis 1998:186:24-34.
  • Silove D. The psychosocial effects of torture, mass human rights violations, and refugee trauma. J Nerv Ment Dis 1999:187:200-7.
  • Hauff E, Vaglum P. Physician utilization among refugees with psychiatric disorders: A need for "outreach" interventions? J Refugee Stud 1997; 10:154-64.
  • Björn A, Eriksson T. Frigjvna bosniska krigsfångar. Stor risk for post-traumatiska symtom (Released Bosnian prisoners of war. High risk for post-traumatic symptoms). Lakartidningen 1993:90:2305-8.
  • Drozdek B. Follow-up study of concentration camp survivors from Bosnia-Herzegovina: three years later. J Nerv Ment Dis 1997:185:690-4.
  • Favaro A, Maiorani M, Colombo G, Santonastaso P. Traumatic experiences, posttraumatic stress disorder, and dissociative symptoms in a group of refugees from former Yugoslavia. J Nerv Ment Dis 1999;187:306-8.
  • Mollica RF, Mclnnes K, Sarajlic N, Lavelle J, Sarajlic I, Massagli MP. Disability associated with psychiatric comorbidity and health status in Bosnian refugees living in Croatia. JAMA 1999:282:433-9.
  • Weine SM, Becker DF, McGlashan TH, Laub D, Lazrove S, Vojvoda D, et al. Psychiatric consequences of "ethnic cleansing": Clinical assessment and trauma testimonies of newly resettled Bosnian refugees. Am J Psychiatry 1995; 152:536-42.
  • Weine S, Laub D. Narrative constructions of historical realities in testimony with Bosnian survivors of "ethnic cleansing". Psychiatry 1995:58:246-60.
  • Weine SM, Vojvoda D, Becker DF, McGlashan TH, Hodzic E, Laub D, et al. PTSD symptoms in Bosnian refugees 1 year after resettlement in the United States. Am J Psychiatry 1998:155:562-4.
  • Befolkningsstatistik 1999 (Population statistics, 1999). Stockholm: Statistiska Centralbyrån (National Statistics Office of Sweden); 1999.
  • Mollica RF, Caspi-Yavin Y, Lavelle J, Tor S, Yang T, Chan S, et al. The Harvard Trauma Questionnaire (HTQ). Manual. For use with Cambodian, Lao and Vietnamese versions. Harvard program in refugee trauma. Cambridge (MA): Harvard School of Public Health; 1991.
  • Mollica RF, Caspi-Yavin Y, Bollini P, Truong T, Tor S, Lavelle J. The Harvard Trauma Questionnaire. Validating a crosscultural instrument for measuring torture, trauma, and posttraumatic stress disorder in Indochinese refugees. J Nerv Ment Dis 1992;180:111-6.
  • American Psychiatrie Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. Rev. 3rd ed. Washington (DC): APA; 1987.
  • Allodi F. Physical and psychiatric effects of torture: Canadian study. In: Stover E, Nightingale EO, editors. The breaking of bodies and minds: torture, psychiatric abuses and the health professions. New York: Freeman; 1985. p. 66-78.
  • Smith Fawsi MC, Murphy E, Pham T, Lin L, Poole C, Mollica RF. The validity of screening for post-traumatic stress disorder and major depression among Vietnamese former political prisoners. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1997;95:87-93.
  • American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 4th ed. Washington (DC): APA; 1994.
  • Basårsstatistik. Stockholm: Landstingsförbundet (Federation of the County Councils); 1999.
  • Specialbearbetning av arbetskraftsundersökning (AKU) 1999, halvär l (Special analysis of labor force investigations, the first half of 1999). Stockholm: Statistiska Centralbyrån (National Statistics Office of Sweden); 1999.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Order Reprints Request Corporate Permissions

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

Request Academic Permissions

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.

Related research

People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.

Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.

Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.