Disability pension for psychiatric disorders: Regional differences in Norway 1988–2000

References

• Hensing G, Brage S, Nygard JF, Sandanger I, Tellnes G. Sickness absence with psychiatric disorders—An increased risk for marginalisation among men?. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2000; 35: 335–40
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moncrieff J, Pomerleau J. Trends in sickness benefits in Great Britain and the contribution of mental disorders. J Public Health Med 2000; 22: 59–67
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nystuen P, Hagen KB, Herrin J. Mental health problems as a cause of long-term sick leave in the Norwegian workforce. Scand J Public Health 2001; 29: 175–82
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SBU. Sickness absence—Causes, consequences, and practices. Stockholm: The Swedish Council on Technology Assessment in Health Care; 2003.
   Google Scholar
• Kivimaki M, Vahtera J, Pentti J, Ferrie JE. Factors underlying the effect of organisational downsizing on health of employees: Longitudinal cohort study. BMJ 2000; 320: 971–75
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SBU. Sickness-causes, consequences, and practices. The Swedish Council on Technology Assessment in Health Care; 2003.
   Google Scholar
• Stansfeld S, Feeney A, Head J, Canner R, North F, Marmot M. Sickness absence for psychiatric illness: The Whitehall II Study. Soc Sci Med 1995; 40: 189–97
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lewis G, David A, Andreasson S, Allebeck P. Schizophrenia and city life. Lancet 1992; 340: 137–40
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pedersen CB, Mortensen PB. Family history, place and season of birth as risk factors for schizophrenia in Denmark: A replication and reanalysis. Br J Psychiatry 2001; 179: 46–52
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sundquist K, Frank G, Sundquist J. Urbanisation and incidence of psychosis and depression: Follow-up study of 4.4 million women and men in Sweden. Br J Psychiatry 2004; 184: 293–298
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parikh SV, Wasylenki D, Goering P, Wong J. Mood disorders: Rural/urban differences in prevalence, health care utilization, and disability in Ontario. J Affect Disord 1996; 38: 57–65
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andersson L, Staland Nyman C, Spak F, Hensing G. High incidence of disability pensions with a psychiatric disorder in western Sweden. A population based study 1980–1998. Accepted for publication in WORK.
   Google Scholar
• Upmark M, Lundberg I, Sadigh J, Allebeck P, Bigert C. Psychosocial characteristics in young men as predictors of early disability pension with a psychiatric diagnosis. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 1999; 34: 533–40
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manninen P, Heliovaara M, Riihimaki H, Makela P. Does psychological distress predict disability?. Int J Epidemiol 1997; 26: 1063–70
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• StatisticsNorway. www.ssb.no. 2004.
   Google Scholar
• STATA, 8th edition. 4905 Lakeway Drive, College Station, TX 77845, USA; 2004.
   Google Scholar
• SPSS Inc. 11.0 edition. 233 S. Wacker Drive, 11th Floor, Chicago, IL 60606, USA; 2004.
   Google Scholar
• Blazer D, George LK, Landerman R, Pennybacker M, Melville ML, Woodbury M, et al. Psychiatric disorders. A rural/urban comparison. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1985; 42: 651–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trygdeetaten. Geografisk variasjon i tilgang av nye uførepensionister 1980–1997 etter fylke. In Norwegian (Geographical variations in new disability pensions 1980–1998, by county). 2000; 06/2000.
   Google Scholar
• Mansson NO, Rastam L, Eriksson KF, Israelsson B. Socioeconomic inequalities and disability pension in middle-aged men. Int J Epidemiol 1998; 27: 1019–25
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sandanger I, Nygard JF, Ingebrigtsen G, Sorensen T, Dalgard OS. Prevalence, incidence and age at onset of psychiatric disorders in Norway. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 1999; 34: 570–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Middleton N, Whitley E, Frankel S, Dorling D, Sterne J, Gunnell D. Suicide risk in small areas in England and Wales, 1991–1993. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2004; 39: 45–52
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krokstad S, Johnsen R, Westin S. Social determinants of disability pension: A 10-year follow-up of 62 000 people in a Norwegian county population. Int J Epidemiol 2002; 31: 1183–91
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mehlum L, Hytten K, Gjertsen F. Epidemiological trends of youth suicide in Norway. Arch Suicide Res 1999:193–205.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dudley M, Kelk N, Florio T, Howard J, Waters B, Haski C, et al. Suicide among young rural Australians 1964–1993: A comparison with metropolitan trends. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 1997; 32: 251–60
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Westin S, Norum D, Schlesselman JJ. Medical consequences of a factory closure: Illness and disability in a four-year follow-up study. Int J Epidemiol 1988; 17: 153–61
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fuller J, Edwards J, Martinez L, Edwards B, Reid K. Collaboration and local networks for rural and remote primary mental healthcare in South Australia. Health Soc Care Community 2004; 12: 75–84
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saarento O, Kastrup M, Lonnerberg O, Gostas G, Muus S, Sandlund M, et al. The Nordic Comparative Study on Sectorized Psychiatry: Patients who use only psychiatric in-patient care in comprehensive community-based services—A 1-year follow-up study. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1998; 98: 98–104
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salvador-Carulla L, Romero C, Martinez A, Haro JM, Bustillo G, Ferreira A, et al. Assessment instruments: Standardization of the European Service Mapping Schedule (ESMS) in Spain. Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl 2000; 405: 24–32
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bocker FM, Jeschke F, Brieger P. Psychiatric care in Sachsen-Anhalt: A survey of institutions and services with the “European Services Mapping Schedule” ESMS. Psychiatr Prax 2001; 28: 393–401
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• www.legemiddelforbruk.no/english. Drug Consumption in Norway 1999–2003. Oslo: Department of Pharmacoepidemiology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 2004.
   Google Scholar
• Hensing G, Spak F. Psychiatric disorders as a factor in sick-leave due to other diagnoses. A general population-based study. Br J Psychiatry 1998; 172: 250–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar