291
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Article

The role of neuropeptide Y, orexin-A, and ghrelin in differentiating unipolar and bipolar depression: a preliminary study

, ORCID Icon, , &
Pages 162-169 | Received 26 Jun 2021, Accepted 23 Feb 2022, Published online: 12 Mar 2022

References

  • APA. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5®). Arlington (VA): American Psychiatric Association; 2013.
  • Sadock BJ, Sadock VA, Ruiz P. Kaplan & Sadock’s synopsis of psychiatry behavioural sciences/clinical psychiatry. 11th ed. Philadelphia (PA): Lippincott Williams and Wilkins/Wolters Kluwer; 2015.
  • Hirschfeld RMA, Lewis L, Vornik LA. Perceptions and impact of bipolar disorder: how far have we really come? Results of the national depressive and manic-depressive association 2000 survey of individuals with bipolar disorder. J Clin Psychiatry. 2003;64(2):161–174.
  • Akiskal HS, Walker P, Puzantian VR, et al. Bipolar outcome in the course of depressive illness: phenomenologic, familial, and pharmacologic predictors. J Affect Disord. 1983;5(2):115–128.
  • Mitchell PB, Wilhelm K, Parker G, et al. The clinical features of bipolar depression: a comparison with matched major depressive disorder patients. J Clin Psychiatry. 2001;62(3):212–216.
  • Nuñez NA, Comai S, Dumitrescu E, et al. Psychopathological and sociodemographic features in treatment-resistant unipolar depression versus bipolar depression: a comparative study. BMC Psychiatry. 2018;18(1):68.
  • Parker G, Hadzi-Pavlovic D, Eyers K. Melancholia: a disorder of movement and mood: a phenomenological and neurobiological review. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 1996.
  • Ghaemi SN, Hsu DJ, Ko JY, et al. Bipolar spectrum disorder: a pilot study. Psychopathology. 2004;37(5):222–226.
  • Mitchell PB, Goodwin GM, Johnson GF, et al. Diagnostic guidelines for bipolar depression: a probabilistic approach. Bipolar Disord. 2008;10(1 Pt 2):144–152.
  • Frey BN, Andreazza AC, Houenou J, et al. Biomarkers in bipolar disorder: a positional paper from the international society for bipolar disorders biomarkers task force. Aust NZ J Psychiatry. 2013;47(4):321–332.
  • Sakurai T, Amemiya A, Ishii M, et al. Orexins and orexin receptors: a family of hypothalamic neuropeptides and G protein-coupled receptors that regulate feeding behavior. Cell. 1998;92(4):573–585.
  • Saper CB, Scammell TE, Lu J. Hypothalamic regulation of sleep and circadian rhythms. Nature. 2005;437(7063):1257–1263.
  • Tsujino N, Sakurai T. Role of orexin in modulating arousal, feeding, and motivation. Front Behav Neurosci. 2013;7(28):28.
  • Yamuy J, Fung SJ, Xi M, et al. Hypocretinergic control of spinal cord motoneurons. J Neurosci. 2004;24(23):5336–5345.
  • Mignot E, Lammers GJ, Ripley B, et al. The role of cerebrospinal fluid hypocretin measurement in the diagnosis of narcolepsy and other hypersomnias. Arch Neurol. 2002;59(10):1553–1562.
  • Mignot E. A commentary on the neurobiology of the hypocretin/orexin system. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2001;25(5 Suppl):S5–S13.
  • Nishino S, Ripley B, Overeem S, et al. Low cerebrospinal fluid hypocretin (orexin) and altered energy homeostasis in human narcolepsy. Ann Neurol. 2001;50(3):381–388.
  • Schmidt FM, Arendt E, Steinmetzer A, et al. CSF-hypocretin-1 levels in patients with major depressive disorder compared to healthy controls. Psychiatry Res. 2011;190(2–3):240–243.
  • Tsuchimine S, Hattori K, Ota M, et al. Reduced plasma orexin-A levels in patients with bipolar disorder. NDT. 2019;15:2221–2230.
  • TschöP M, Weyer C, Tataranni PA, et al. Circulating ghrelin levels are decreased in human obesity. Diabetes. 2001;50(4):707–709.
  • Kluge M, Schüssler P, Schmid D, et al. Ghrelin plasma levels are not altered in major depression. Neuropsychobiology. 2009;59(4):199–204.
  • Barim AO, Aydin S, Colak R, et al. Ghrelin, paraoxonase and arylesterase levels in depressive patients before and after citalopram treatment. Clin Biochem. 2009;42(10–11):1076–1081.
  • Tunçel ÖK, Sarısoy G, Bilgici B, et al. Adipocytokines and ghrelin level of bipolar patients from manic episode to euthymic episode. Nord J Psychiatry. 2018;72(2):150–156.
  • Carrasco GA, Van de Kar LD. Neuroendocrine pharmacology of stress. Eur J Pharmacol. 2003;463(1–3):235–272.
  • Heilig M, Widerlöv E. Neuropeptide Y: an overview of Central distribution, functional aspects, and possible involvement in neuropsychiatric illnesses. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1990;82(2):95–114.
  • Heilig M, Zachrisson O, Thorsell A, et al. Decreased cerebrospinal fluid neuropeptide Y (NPY) in patients with treatment refractory unipolar major depression: preliminary evidence for association with preproNPY gene polymorphism. J Psychiatr Res. 2004;38(2):113–121.
  • Hashimoto H, Onishi H, Koide S, et al. Plasma neuropeptide Y in patients with major depressive disorder. Neurosci Lett. 1996;216(1):57–60.
  • Gjerris A, Widerlöv E, Werdelin L, et al. Cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of neuropeptide Y in depressed patients and in controls. J Psychiatry Neurosci. 1992;17(1):23–27.
  • Hou C, Jia F, Liu Y, et al. CSF serotonin, 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid and neuropeptide Y levels in severe major depressive disorder. Brain Res. 2006;1095(1):154–158.
  • Sandberg JV, Jakobsson J, Pålsson E, et al. Low neuropeptide Y in cerebrospinal fluid in bipolar patients is associated with previous and prospective suicide attempts. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2014;24(12):1907–1915.
  • Hamilton M. A rating scale for depression. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1960;23(1):56–62.
  • Johns MW. A new method for measuring daytime sleepiness: the Epworth sleepiness scale. Sleep. 1991;14(6):540–545.
  • Stunkard AJ, Messick S. The three-factor eating questionnaire to measure dietary restraint, disinhibition and hunger. J Psychosom Res. 1985;29(1):71–83.
  • Tholin S, Rasmussen F, Tynelius P, et al. Genetic and environmental influences on eating behavior: the Swedish young male twins study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005;81(3):564–569.
  • Cull JG, Gill WS. Suicide Probability Scale (SPS). Los Angeles (CA): Western Psychological Services; 1982.
  • Valdez GR, Koob GF. Allostasis and dysregulation of corticotropin-releasing factor and neuropeptide Y systems: implications for the development of alcoholism. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2004;79(4):671–689.
  • Rush AJ, Giles DE, Schlesser MA, et al. The dexamethasone suppression test in patients with mood disorders. J Clin Psychiatry. 1996;57(10):470–484.
  • Sommer WH, Lidström J, Sun H, et al. Human NPY promoter variation rs16147:T > C as a moderator of prefrontal NPY gene expression and negative affect. Hum Mutat. 2010;31(8):E1594–E608.
  • Czermak C, Hauger R, Drevets WC, et al. Plasma NPY concentrations during tryptophan and sham depletion in medication-free patients with remitted depression. J Affect Disord. 2008;110(3):277–281.
  • Martinez JM, Garakani A, Yehuda R, et al. Proinflammatory and “resiliency” proteins in the CSF of patients with major depression. Depress Anxiety. 2012;29(1):32–38.
  • Soleimani L, Oquendo MA, Sullivan GM, et al. Cerebrospinal fluid neuropeptide Y levels in major depression and reported childhood trauma. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2015;18(1):pyu023.
  • Widerlöv E, Lindström L, Wahlestedt C, et al. Neuropeptide Y and peptide YY as possible cerebrospinal fluid markers for major depression and schizophrenia, respectively. J Psychiatr Res. 1988;22(1):69–79.
  • Baker DG, Bertram TM, Patel PM, et al. Characterization of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma NPY levels in normal volunteers over a 24-h timeframe. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2013;38(10):2378–2382.
  • Dötsch J, Adelmann M, Englaro P, et al. Relation of leptin and neuropeptide Y in human blood and cerebrospinal fluid. J Neurol Sci. 1997;151(2):185–188.
  • Tural U, Iosifescu DV. Neuropeptide Y in PTSD, MDD, and chronic stress: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Neurosci Res. 2020;98(5):950–963.
  • Nikisch G, Ågren H, Eap CB, et al. Neuropeptide Y and corticotropin-releasing hormone in CSF mark response to antidepressive treatment with citalopram. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2005;8(3):403–410.
  • Nikisch G, Mathé AA. CSF monoamine metabolites and neuropeptides in depressed patients before and after electroconvulsive therapy. Eur Psychiatr. 2008;23(5):356–359.
  • Mathé A, Jousisto‐Hanson J, Stenfors C, et al. Effect of lithium on tachykinins, calcitonin gene-related peptide, and neuropeptide Y in rat brain. J Neurosci Res. 1990;26(2):233–237.
  • Zachrisson O, Mathé AA, Stenfors C, et al. Region-specific effects of chronic lithium administration on neuropeptide Y and somatostatin mRNA expression in the rat brain. Neurosci Lett. 1995;194(1–2):89–92.
  • Salomon RM, Ripley B, Kennedy JS, et al. Diurnal variation of cerebrospinal fluid hypocretin-1 (orexin-A) levels in control and depressed subjects. Biol Psychiatry. 2003;54(2):96–104.
  • Eban-Rothschild A, Giardino WJ, de Lecea L. To sleep or not to sleep: neuronal and ecological insights. Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2017;44:132–138.
  • Hori H, Koga N, Hidese S, et al. 24-h activity rhythm and sleep in depressed outpatients. J Psychiatr Res. 2016;77:27–34.
  • Ozsoy S, Besirli A, Abdulrezzak U, et al. Serum ghrelin and leptin levels in patients with depression and the effects of treatment. Psychiatry Investig. 2014;11(2):167–172.
  • Kurt E, Guler O, Serteser M, et al. The effects of electroconvulsive therapy on ghrelin, leptin and cholesterol levels in patients with mood disorders. Neurosci Lett. 2007;426(1):49–53.
  • Pinar M, Gulsun M, Tasci I, et al. Maprotiline induced weight gain in depressive disorder: changes in circulating ghrelin and adiponectin levels and insulin sensitivity. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2008;32(1):135–139.
  • Schmid DA, Wichniak A, Uhr M, et al. Changes of sleep architecture, spectral composition of sleep EEG, the nocturnal secretion of cortisol, ACTH, GH, prolactin, melatonin, ghrelin, and leptin, and the DEX-CRH test in depressed patients during treatment with mirtazapine. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2006;31(4):832–844.
  • Tunçel ÖK, Akbaş S, Bilgici B. Increased ghrelin levels and unchanged adipocytokine levels in major depressive disorder. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 2016;26(8):733–739.
  • Murashita M, Kusumi I, Inoue T, et al. Olanzapine increases plasma ghrelin level in patients with schizophrenia. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2005;30(1):106–110.
  • Stip E, Lungu O, Anselmo K, et al. Neural changes associated with appetite information processing in schizophrenic patients after 16 weeks of olanzapine treatment. Transl Psychiatry. 2012;2(6):e128.
  • Greco R, Latini G, Chiarelli F, et al. Leptin, ghrelin, and adiponectin in epileptic patients treated with valproic acid. Neurology. 2005;65(11):1808–1809.
  • Strawn JR, Pyne-Geithman GJ, Ekhator NN, et al. Low cerebrospinal fluid and plasma orexin-A (hypocretin-1) concentrations in combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2010;35(7):1001–1007.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.