130
Views
39
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
PCOS

Characteristics of different phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome in a Bulgarian population

&
Pages 604-609 | Received 19 Apr 2007, Accepted 26 Jun 2007, Published online: 07 Jul 2009

References

  • Ehrmann D A. Polycystic ovary syndrome. N Engl J Med 2005; 352: 1223–1236
  • Azziz R. PCOS: a diagnostic challenge. Reprod Biomed Online 2004; 8: 644–648
  • Pasquali R, Gambineri A. Polycystic ovary syndrome: a multifaceted disease from adolescence to adult age. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2006; 1092: 158–174
  • Azziz R. Controversy in clinical endocrinology: diagnosis of polycystic ovarian syndrome: the Rotterdam criteria are premature. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2006; 91: 781–785
  • Chang W Y, Knochenhauer E S, Bartolucci A A, Azziz R. Phenotypic spectrum of polycystic ovary syndrome: clinical and biochemical characterization of the three major clinical subgroups. Fertil Steril 2005; 83: 1717–1723
  • The Rotterdam ESHRE/ASRM-Sponsored PCOS Consensus Workshop Group. Revised 2003 consensus on diagnostic criteria and long-term health risks related to polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril 2004; 81: 19–25
  • Zawadski J K, Dunaif A. Diagnostic criteria for polycystic ovary syndrome: towards a rationale approach. Polycystic ovary syndrome, A Dunaif, J R Givens, F Haseltine, G R Merriam. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Boston, MA 1992; 377–384
  • Executive Summary of the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NECP). Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). J Am Med Assoc 2001; 285: 2486–2497
  • Dewailly D, Catteau-Jonard S, Reyss A C, Leroy M, Pigny P. Oligo-anovulation with polycystic ovaries (PCO) but not overt hyperandrogenism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2006; 91: 3922–3927
  • Diamanti-Kandarakis E, Kouli C, Tsianateil T, Bergiele A. Therapeutic effects of metformin on insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism in polycystic ovary syndrome. Eur J Endocrinol 1998; 138: 269–274
  • Franks S, McCarthy M I, Hardy K. Development of polycystic ovary syndrome: involvement of genetic and environmental factors. Int J Androl 2006; 29: 278–285
  • Carmina E, Koyama T, Chang L, Stanczyk F Z, Lobo R A. Does ethnicity influence the prevalence of adrenal hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome?. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1992; 167: 1807–1812
  • Carmina E, Napoli N, Longo R A, Rini G B, Lobo R A. Metabolic syndrome in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): lower prevalence in southern Italy than in the USA and the influence of criteria for the diagnosis of PCOS. Eur J Endocrinol 2006; 154: 141–145
  • Apridonidze T, Essah P A, Iuorno M J, Nestler J E. Prevalence and characteristics of the metabolic syndrome in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005; 90: 1929–1935
  • Azziz R. How prevalent is metabolic syndrome in women with polycystic ovary syndrome?. Nat Clin Pract Endocrinol Metab 2006; 2: 132–133
  • Dokras A, Bochner M, Hollinrake E, Markham S, Vanvoorhis B, Jagasia D H. Screening women with polycystic ovary syndrome for metabolic syndrome. Obstet Gynecol 2005; 106: 131–137
  • Jayagopal V, Diver M, Kilpatrick E, Jennings P, Atkin S. Biological variation of free androgen index and bioavailable testosterone in PCOS: implications for estimation of hyperandrogenaemia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2003; 88: 1528–1533
  • Franks S. Controversy in clinical endocrinology: diagnosis of polycystic ovarian syndrome: in defense of the Rotterdam criteria. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2006; 91: 786–789
  • Carmina E, Azziz R. Diagnosis, phenotype, and prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril 2006; 86(Suppl 1)S7–S8
  • Azziz R. Androgen excess is the key element in polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril 2003; 80: 252–254
  • Carmina E. The spectrum of androgen excess disorders. Fertil Steril 2006; 85: 1582–1585
  • Carmina E. Mild androgen phenotypes. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2006; 20: 207–220
  • Michelmore K F, Balen A H, Dunger D B, Vessey M P. Polycystic ovaries and associated clinical and biochemical features in young women. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1999; 51: 779–786
  • Broekmans F J, Knauff E A, Valkenburg O, Laven J S, Eijkemans M J, Fauser B C. PCOS according to the Rotterdam consensus criteria: change in prevalence among WHO-II anovulation and association with metabolic factors. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 2006; 113: 1210–1217

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.