Non-R&D innovation in SMEs: is there complementarity or substitutability between internal and external innovation sourcing strategies?

References

• Barge-Gil, A., M. Jesus Nieto, and L. Santamaría. 2011. “Hidden Innovators: The Role of non-R&D Activities.” Technology Analysis & Strategic Management 23 (4): 415–432.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brunswicker, S., and W. Vanhaverbeke. 2015. “Open Innovation in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs): External Knowledge Sourcing Strategies and Internal Organizational Facilitators.” Journal of Small Business Management 53 (4): 1241–1263.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Capozza, C., and M. Divella. 2019. “Human Capital and Firms’ Innovation: Evidence from Emerging Economies.” Economics of Innovation and New Technology 28 (7): 741–757.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cassiman, B., and R. Veugelers. 2006. Search of Complementarity in Innovation Strategy: Internal R&D and External Knowledge Acquisition. Management Science 52 (1): 68–82.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clausen, T., M. Pohjola, K. Sapprasert, and B. Verspagen. 2012. “Innovation Strategies as a Source of Persistent Innovation.” Industrial and Corporate Change 21 (3): 553–585.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen, W. M., and D. A. Levinthal. 1990. “Absorptive Capacity: A new Perspective on Learning and Innovation.” Administrative Science Quarterly 35 (1): 128–152.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dahlander, L., and D. M. Gann. 2010. “How Open is Innovation?” Research Policy 39 (6): 699–709.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Evangelista, R., and A. Vezzani. 2010. “The Economic Impact of Technological and Organizational Innovations. A Firm-Level Analysis.” Research Policy 39 (10): 1253–1263.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grimpe, C., and W. Sofka. 2009. “Search Patterns and Absorptive Capacity: Low-and High-Technology Sectors in European Countries.” Research Policy 38 (3): 495–506.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guisado-González, M., J. González-Blanco, J. L. Coca-Pérez, and M. Guisado-Tato. 2018. “Assessing the Relationship Between R&D Subsidy, R&D Cooperation and Absorptive Capacity: An Investigation on the Manufacturing Spanish Case.” The Journal of Technology Transfer 43 (6): 1647–1666.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guo, Y., G. Zheng, and F. Liu. 2017. “Non-R&D-based Innovation Activities and Performance in Chinese SMEs: The Role of Absorptive Capacity.” Asian Journal of Technology Innovation 25 (1): 110–128.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hagedoorn, J., and N. Wang. 2012. “Is There Complementarity or Substitutability Between Internal and External R&D Strategies?” Research Policy 41 (6): 1072–1083.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heidenreich, M. 2009. “Innovation Patterns and Location of European low-and Medium-Technology Industries.” Research Policy 38 (3): 483–494.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hervas-Oliver, J. L., J. Albors-Garrigos, and J. J. Baixauli. 2012. “Beyond R&D Activities: The Determinants of Firms’ Absorptive Capacity Explaining the Access to Scientific Institutes in low–Medium-Tech Contexts.” Economics of Innovation and New Technology 21 (1): 55–81.
   Google Scholar
• Hervas-Oliver, J. L., J. A. Garrigos, and I. Gil-Pechuan. 2011. “Making Sense of Innovation by R&D and non-R&D Innovators in low Technology Contexts: A Forgotten Lesson for Policymakers.” Technovation 31 (9): 427–446.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hervas-Oliver, J. L., F. Sempere-Ripoll, and C. Boronat-Moll. 2014. “Process Innovation Strategy in SMEs, Organizational Innovation and Performance: A Misleading Debate?” Small Business Economics 43 (4): 873–886.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hervas-Oliver, J. L., F. Sempere-Ripoll, and C. Boronat-Moll. 2021. “Technological Innovation Typologies and Open Innovation in SMEs: Beyond Internal and External Sources of Knowledge.” Technological Forecasting and Social Change 162: 120338.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hervas-Oliver, J. L., F. Sempere-Ripoll, C. Boronat-Moll, and S. Estelles-Miguel. 2020. “SME Open Innovation for Process Development: Understanding Process-Dedicated External Knowledge Sourcing.” Journal of Small Business Management 58 (2): 409–445.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang, M. S., J. Jiao, Z. Lin, and J. Xia. 2021. “Learning Through Observation or Through Acquisition? Innovation Performance as an Outcome of Internal and External Knowledge Combination.” Asia Pacific Journal of Management 38 (1): 35–63.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang, L. A., D. S. Waller, and S. Cai. 2013. “Does Ownership Type Matter for Innovation? Evidence from China.” Journal of Business Research 66 (12): 2473–2478.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kale, P., H. Singh, and H. Perlmutter. 2000. “Learning and Protection of Proprietary Assets in Strategic Alliances: Building Relational Capital.” Strategic Management Journal 21 (3): 217–237.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krzeminska, A., and C. Eckert. 2016. “Complementarity of Internal and External R & D: Is There a Difference Between Product Versus Process Innovations?” R&D Management 46 (S3): 931–944.
   Google Scholar
• Lee, Y. N., and J. P. Walsh. 2016. “Inventing While you Work: Knowledge, non-R&D Learning and Innovation.” Research Policy 45 (1): 345–359.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Linting, M., and A. van der Kooij. 2012. “Nonlinear Principal Components Analysis with CATPCA: A Tutorial.” Journal of Personality Assessment 94 (1): 12–25.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marcon, A., and J. L. D. Ribeiro. 2021. “How do Startups Manage External Resources in Innovation Ecosystems? A Resource Perspective of Startups’ Lifecycle.” Technological Forecasting and Social Change 171: 120965.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martínez-Román, J. A., and I. Romero. 2017. “Determinants of Innovativeness in SMEs: Disentangling Core Innovation and Technology Adoption Capabilities.” Review of Managerial Science 11 (3): 543–569.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muscio, A. 2007. “The Impact of Absorptive Capacity on SMEs’ Collaboration.” Economics of Innovation and New Technology 16 (8): 653–668.
   Google Scholar
• Parida, V., M. Westerberg, and J. Frishammar. 2012. “Inbound Open Innovation Activities in High-Tech SMEs: The Impact on Innovation Performance.” Journal of Small Business Management 50 (2): 283–309.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rammer, C., D. Czarnitzki, and A. Spielkamp. 2009. “Innovation Success of non-R&D-Performers: Substituting Technology by Management in SMEs.” Small Business Economics 33 (1): 35–58.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raymond, L., and J. St-Pierre. 2010. “R&D as a Determinant of Innovation in Manufacturing SMEs: An Attempt at Empirical Clarification.” Technovation 30 (1): 48–56.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmidt, T. 2010. “Absorptive Capacity—one Size Fits all? A Firm-Level Analysis of Absorptive Capacity for Different Kinds of Knowledge.” Managerial and Decision Economics 31 (1): 1–18.
   Google Scholar
• Schmiedeberg, C. 2008. “Complementarities of Innovation Activities: An Empirical Analysis of the German Manufacturing Sector.” Research Policy 37 (9): 1492–1503.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sirmon, D. G., M. A. Hitt, and R. D. Ireland. 2007. “Managing Firm Resources in Dynamic Environments to Create Value: Looking Inside the Black box.” Academy of Management Review 32 (1): 273–292.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spithoven, A., W. Vanhaverbeke, and N. Roijakkers. 2013. “Open Innovation Practices in SMEs and Large Enterprises.” Small Business Economics 41 (3): 537–562.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sung, S. Y., and J. N. Choi. 2014. “Do Organizations Spend Wisely on Employees? Effects of Training and Development Investments on Learning and Innovation in Organizations.” Journal of Organizational Behavior 35 (3): 393–412.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomä, J., and V. Zimmermann. 2020. “Interactive Learning—The key to Innovation in non-R&D-Intensive SMEs? A Cluster Analysis Approach.” Journal of Small Business Management 58 (4): 747–776.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsai, K. H., and J. C. Wang. 2009. “External Technology Sourcing and Innovation Performance in LMT Sectors: An Analysis Based on the Taiwanese Technological Innovation Survey.” Research Policy 38 (3): 518–526.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van de Vrande, V., J. P. De Jong, W. Vanhaverbeke, and M. De Rochemont. 2009. “Open Innovation in SMEs: Trends, Motives and Management Challenges.” Technovation 29 (6–7): 423–437.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vanhaverbeke, W., and M. Cloodt. 2014. “Theories of the Firm and Open Innovation.” In New Frontiers in Open Innovation, edited by H. Chesbrough, W. Vanhaverbeke, and J. West, 256–278. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Vega-Jurado, J., A. Gutiérrez-Gracia, I. Fernández-de-Lucio, and L. Manjarrés-Henríquez. 2008. “The Effect of External and Internal Factors on Firms’ Product Innovation.” Research Policy 37 (4): 616–632.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xia, T., and S. Roper. 2016. “Unpacking Open Innovation: Absorptive Capacity, Exploratory and Exploitative Openness, and the Growth of Entrepreneurial Biopharmaceutical Firms.” Journal of Small Business Management 54 (3): 931–952.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xie, X., H. Wang, and H. Jiao. 2019. “Non-R&D Innovation and Firms’ new Product Performance: The Joint Moderating Effect of R&D Intensity and Network Embeddedness.” R&D Management 49 (5): 748–761.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zahra, S. A., and G. George. 2002. “Absorptive Capacity: A Review, Reconceptualization, and Extension.” Academy of Management Review 27 (2): 185–203.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar