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Research Article

Chemical modification of 5-[ 125 I]iodo-2'-deoxyuridine toxicity in mammalian cells in vitro

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Pages 625-630 | Published online: 03 Jul 2009

  • These ’frozen phase‚ results also demonstrate that Bishayee, A., Rao, D. V., Bouchet, L. G., Bolch, W. E. andfor each increase in DMSO concentration, the Howell, R. W., 2000, Protection by DMSO against cell
  • same DMF are obtained at both serum concen-death caused by intracellularly localized iodine-125,
  • trations (DMF5% DM SO 51.95% FC S and 1.810% FC S ; iodine-131 and polonium-210. Radiation Research, 153,
  • DMF10% DM SO 54.55% FC S and 4.410% FC S). Thus, the416-427. Bradley, E. W., Chan, P. C. and Adelstein, S. J., 1975, The
  • scavenging capacity of DMSO is not altered by the
  • radiotoxicity of iodine-125 in mammalian cells. I. EÚects
  • presence of higher serum concentrations. This is not on the survival curve of radioiodine incorporated into
  • true for cells accumulating iodine-125 decay in the DNA. Radiation Research, 64, 555-563.
  • ’liquid phase‚ where an increase in the serum concen-
  • Burki, H. J., Roots, R., Feinendegen, L. E. and Bond, V. P., 1973, Inactivation of mammalian cells after disintegra-tration from 5 to 10% seems to lead to a decrease in tions of3H or125I in cell DNA at Õ 196ßC. Internationalthe DMF (table 2, rows III and IV versus V). Journal of Radiation Biology, 24, 363-375.
  • Furthermore, when the D0 calculated from these Ewing, D. and Walton, H. L., 1991, Radiation protection of
  • survival curves (? gure 2 and table 1) are plotted as a
  • in vitro mammalian cells: eÚects of hydroxyl radical scaven
  • gers on the slopes and shoulders of survival curves.function of the scavenging capacity of DMSO, which
  • Radiation Research, 126, 187-197.is proportional to its concentration, two perfect Goddu, S. M., Narra, V. R., Harapanhalli, R. S., Howell,
  • regression ? ts (R 50.999) are obtained, one for each R. W. and Rao, D. V., 1996, Radioprotection by DMSO
  • serum concentration (? gure 3). This strong correla-against the biological eÚects of incorporated radionuclides
  • tion further illustrates that the changes in D0 postin vivo: comparison with other radioprotectors and evidence for indirect action of Auger electrons. Acta
  • iodine-125-decay accumulation are due to OH Oncologica, 35, 901-907.
  • scavenging by DMSO. Hofer, K. G. and Bao, S.-P., 1995, Low-LET and high-LET
  • Figures 2 and 3 show that at each DMSO concen-
  • radiation action of125I decays in DNA: eÚect of cystea-
  • tration the slopes for the survival curves in 10% mine on micronucleus formation and cell killing. Radiation Research, 141, 183-192.
  • serum (? gure 2B) are strikingly shallower than those Hofer, K. G., Harris, C. R. and Smith, J. M., 1975,
  • in 5% serum (? gure 2A). Thus, increasing serum Radiotoxicity of intracellular67Ga,125I and3H: nuclear
  • concentration from 5 to 10% also radioprotects V79 versus cytoplasmic radiation eÚects in murine L1210
  • cells from the lethal eÚects of iodine-125 decay by leukaemia. International Journal of Radiation Biology, 28, 225-241.
  • yet to be identi? ed serum components. Surprisingly, Hofer, K. G. and Hughes, W. L., 1971, Radiotoxicity of
  • the ratio of D0 for each DMSO concentration intranuclear tritium,125iodine and131iodine. Radiation
  • (table 1) and that of the slopes of the regression ? ts Research, 47, 94-109.
  • for each of the two serum concentrations (? gure 3),
  • Howell, R. W., Goddu, S. M., Bishayee, A. and Rao, D. V., 1998, Radioprotection against lethal damage caused bywhich are expected to be proportional to the diÚer-chronic irradiation with radionuclides in vitro. Radiationence in serum concentration (twofold), is in fact 3.6. Research, 150, 391-399.
  • The reason for this discrepancy is not clear. HuÈttermann, J., Gatzweiler, W., Lange, M. and Weiland, B., 1995, Free radical formation in DNA: some new aspects of an old problem. In A. F. Fuciarelli and J. D. Zimbrick (eds), Radiation Damage in DNA: Structure/Function Relationships at Early Times (Columbus: Battelle Memorial
  • Conclusions Institute), pp. 75-96. Kassis, A. I., Harapanhalli, R. S. and Adelstein, S. J., 1999a,
  • The degree of toxicity of DNA-incorporated Comparison of strand breaks in plasmid DNA after
  • iodine-125 decaying in the cell nucleus relates to the positional changes of Auger electron-emitting iodine-125.
  • scavenging properties of the medium in which the Radiation Research, 151, 167-176. Kassis, A. I., Harapanhalli, R. S. and Adelstein, S. J., 1999b,
  • cells are frozen or stored at 0.3ßC for decay accumu-Strand breaks in plasmid DNA after positional changes
  • lation. Protection against the lethal eÚects of of Auger electron-emitting iodine-125: direct compared
  • iodine-125 decay in the DNA of mammalian cells is to indirect eÚects. Radiation Research, 152, 530-538.
  • not limited to DMSO, but is also exerted by other
  • Kassis, A. I., Sastry, K. S. R. and Adelstein, S. J., 1987, Kinetics of uptake, retention, and radiotoxicity of125IUdRchemicals such as those present in foetal calf serum.
  • in mammalian cells: implications of localized energyand cysteamine at room temperature and at Õ 196ßC. International Journal of Radiation Biology, 5, 609-621.
  • deposition by Auger processes. Radiation Research, 109, Walicka, M. A., Adelstein, S. J. and Kassis, A. I., 1998a,
  • 78-89.
  • Indirect mechanisms contribute to biological eÚects pro-Kassis, A. I., Walicka, M. A. and Adelstein, S. J., 2000,
  • duced by decay of DNA-incorporated iodine-125 in mam-Double-strand break yield following125I decay: eÚects of
  • malian cells in vitro: double-strand breaks. RadiationDNA conformation. Acta Oncologica, 39, 721-726.
  • Research, 149,134-141.
  • Narra, V. R., Harapanhalli, R. S., Howell, R. W., Sastry, Walicka, M. A., Adelstein, S. J. and Kassis, A. I., 1998b,K. S. R. and Rao, D. V., 1994, Vitamins as radiopro-
  • Indirect mechanisms contribute to biological eÚects pro
  • tectors in vivo. I. Protection by vitamin C against internal duced by decay of DNA-incorporated iodine-125 in mam-
  • radionuclides in mouse testes: implications to the mechan-malian cells in vitro: clonogenic survival. Radiation Research,
  • ism of damage caused by the Auger eÚect. Radiation 149, 142-146.
  • Research, 137, 394-399. Walicka, M. A., Ding, Y., Roy, A. M., Harapanhalli, R. S.,
  • Radford, I. R. and Hodgson, G. S., 1985,125I-induced DNA Adelstein, S. J. and Kassis, A. I., 1999, Cytotoxicity of
  • double strand breaks: use in calibration of the neutral [125I]iodoHoechst 33342: contribution of scavengeable
  • ? lter elution technique and comparison with X-ray eÚects.InternationalJournalofRadiationBiology,75,
  • induced breaks. International Journal of Radiation Biology, 1579-1587.
  • 48, 555-566. Walicka, M. A., Ding, Y., Adelstein, S. J. and Kassis, A. I.,
  • Rao, D. V., Narra, V. R., Howell, R. W. and Sastry, 2000, Toxicity of DNA-incorporated iodine-125: quantify-
  • K. S. R., 1990, Biological consequence of nuclear versus ing the direct and indirect eÚects. Radiation Research,
  • cytoplasmic decays of125I: cysteamine as a radioprotector 154, 326-330.
  • against Auger cascades in vivo. Radiation Research, 124, Wright, H. A., Hamm, R. N., Turner, J. E., Howell, R. W.,
  • 188-193. Rao, D. V. and Sastry, K. S. R., 1990, Calculations of
  • Schneiderman, M. H. and Hofer, K. G., 1980, The target forphysical and chemical reactions with DNA in aqueous
  • radiation-induced division delay. Radiation Research, 84,solution from Auger cascades. Radiation Protection and
  • 462-476.Dosimetry, 31, 59-62.
  • Vos, O. and Kaalen, M. C. A. C., 1962, Protection of tissue-Yasui, L. S. and Hofer, K. G., 1986, Role of mitochondrial
  • culture cells against ionizing radiation II. The activity ofDNA in cell death induced by125I decay. International Journal of Radiation Biology, 49, 601-610.
  • hypoxia, dimethyl sulphoxide, dimethyl sulphone, glycerol

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