Evaluation of interactive effects of phosphorus-32 and copper on marine and freshwater bivalve mollusks

References

• AlAmri OD, Cundy AB, Di Y, Jha AN, Rotchell JM. 2012. Ionizing radiation-induced DNA damage response identified in marine mussels, Mytilus sp. Environ Pollut. 168:107–112.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Allen JI, Moore MN. 2004. Environmental prognostics: is the current use of biomarkers appropriate for environmental risk evaluation? Mar Environ Res. 58:227–232.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Al-Subiai SN, Moody AJ, Mustafa SA, Jha AN. 2011. A multiple biomarker approach to investigate the effects of copper on the marine bivalve mollusc, Mytilus edulis. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 74:1913–1920.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andersson P, Beaugelin-Seiller K, Beresford N, Copplestone D, Della Vedova C, Garnier-Laplace J, Howard B, Howe P, Oughton D, Wells Whitehouse CP. 2008. Numerical benchmarks for protecting biota from radiation in the environment: proposed levels, underlying reasoning and recommendation. NERC/Centre for Ecology & Hydrology.
   Google Scholar
• Andersson P, Garnier-Laplace J, Beresford NA, Copplestone D, Howard BJ, Howe P, Oughton D, Whitehouse P. 2009. Protection of the environment from ionising radiation in a regulatory context (protect): proposed numerical benchmark values. J Environ Radioact. 100:1100–1108.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Banni M, Sforzini S, Arlt VM, Barranger A, Dallas LJ, Oliveri C, Aminot Y, Pacchioni B, Millino C, Lanfranchi G, et al. 2017. Assessing the impact of Benzo[a]pyrene on Marine Mussels: application of a novel targeted low density microarray complementing classical biomarker responses. PLoS One. 12:e0178460.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barranger A, Langan LM, Sharma V, Rance GA, Aminot Y, Weston NJ, Akcha F, Moore MN, Arlt VM, Khlobystov AN, et al. 2019. Antagonistic interactions between benzo[a]pyrene and fullerene (C60) in toxicological response of marine mussels. Nanomaterials. 9:987.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barranger A, Rance GA, Aminot Y, Dallas LJ, Sforzini S, Weston NJ, Lodge RW, Banni M, Arlt VM, Moore MN, et al. 2019. An integrated approach to determine interactive genotoxic and global gene expression effects of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) on marine mussels: evidence of reverse ‘Trojan Horse’ effects. Nanotoxicology. 13:1324–1343.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Binelli A, Della Torre C, Magni S, Parolini M. 2015. Does zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) represent the freshwater counterpart of Mytilus in ecotoxicological studies? A critical review. Environ Pollut. 196:386–403.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bolognesi C, Fenech M. 2012. Mussel micronucleus cytome assay. Nat Protoc. 7:1125–1137.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bopp SK, Abicht HK, Knauer K. 2008. Copper-induced oxidative stress in rainbow trout gill cells. Aquat Toxicol. 86:197–204.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bouskill NJ, Handy RD, Ford TE, Galloway TS. 2006. Differentiating copper and arsenic toxicity using biochemical biomarkers in Asellus aquaticus and Dreissena polymorpha. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 65:342–349.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brooks SJ, Farmen E, Heier LS, Blanco-Rayón E, Izagirre U. 2015. Differences in copper bioaccumulation and biological responses in three Mytilus species. Aquat Toxicol. 160:1–12.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bryan GW, Gibbs PE. 1983. Heavy Metals in the Fal Estuary, Cornwall: a study of long-term contamination by mining waste and its effects on estuarine organisms. Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom
   Google Scholar
• Cai C, Wang WX. 2019. Inter-species difference of copper accumulation in three species of marine mussels: implication for biomonitoring. Sci Total Environ. 692:1029–1036.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carvalho FP. 2018. Radionuclide concentration processes in marine organisms: a comprehensive review. J Environ Radioact. 186:124–130.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chapman PM. 2002. Integrating toxicology and ecology: putting the “eco” into ecotoxicology. Mar Pollut Bull. 44:7–15.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chatfield C, Collins A. 1980. Introduction to multivariate analysis. New York (NY): Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Cheng Y, Kiess AP, Herman JM, Pomper MG, Meltzer SJ, Abraham JM. 2015. Phosphorus-32, a clinically available drug, inhibits cancer growth by inducing DNA double-strand breakage. Plos One. 10:e0128152.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheung VV, Depledge MH, Jha AN. 2006. An evaluation of the relative sensitivity of two marine bivalve mollusc species using the Comet assay. Marine Environmental Research. 62:S301–S305.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cid A, Herrero C, Torres E, Abalde J. 1995. Copper toxicity on the marine microalga Phaeodactylum tricornutum: effects on photosynthesis and related parameters. Aquat Toxicol. 31:165–174.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clarke KR, Warwick RM. 2001. Change in marine communities: an approach to statistical analysis and interpretation. Plymouth (UK): PRIMER-є.
   Google Scholar
• Clarke KR. 1999. Non-metric multivariate analysis in community-level ecotoxicology. Environ Toxicol Chem. 18:117–127.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clayton ME, Steinmann R, Fent K. 2000. Different expression patterns of heat shock proteins hsp 60 and hsp 70 in zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) exposed to copper and tributyltin. Aquat Toxicol. 47:213–226.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dallas LJ, Bean TP, Turner A, Lyons BP, Jha AN. 2013. Oxidative DNA damage may not mediate Ni-induced genotoxicity in marine mussels: assessment of genotoxic biomarkers and transcriptional responses of key stress genes. Mutat Res. 754:22–31.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dallas LJ, Bean TP, Turner A, Lyons BP, Jha AN. 2016. Exposure to tritiated water at an elevated temperature: genotoxic and transcriptomic effects in marine mussels (M. galloprovincialis). J Environ Radioact. 164:325–336.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dallas LJ, Jha AN. 2015. Applications of biological tools or biomarkers in aquatic biota: a case study of the Tamar estuary, South West England. Mar Pollut Bull. 95:618–633.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dallas LJ, Keith-Roach M, Lyons BP, Jha AN. 2012. Assessing the impact of ionizing radiation on aquatic invertebrates: a critical overview. Radiat Res . 177:693–716.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dallas LJ, Turner A, Bean TP, Lyons BP, Jha AN. 2018. An integrated approach to assess the impacts of zinc pyrithione at different levels of biological organization in marine mussels. Chemosphere. 196:531–539.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DEFRA. 2014. Water Framework Directive implementation in England and Wales: new and updated standards to protect the water environment. Environment FaRA.
   Google Scholar
• Depledge MH, Amaral-Mendes JJ, Daniel B, Halbrook RS, Kloepper-Sams P, Moore MN, Peakall DB. 1993. The conceptual basis of the biomarker approach. In: Peakall DB, Shugart LR, editors. Biomarkers. Berlin: Springer; p. 15–29.
   Google Scholar
• Devos A, Dallas LJ, Voiseux C, Lecomte-Pradines C, Jha AN, Fiévet B. 2015. Assessment of growth, genotoxic responses and expression of stress related genes in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas following chronic exposure to ionizing radiation. Mar Pollut Bull. 95:688–698.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DWQR. 2014. Drinking Water Quality Regulator for Scotland: monitoring of radioactivity in Scottish drinking water. Millican D, editor. [accessed 2019 Oct 7]. http://dwqr.scot/media/12749/dwqr-information-letter-2014-1-monitoring-of-radioactivity-in-scottish-drinking-water.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Eggen RIL, Behra R, Burkhardt-Holm P, Escher BI, Schweigert N. 2004. Challenges in ecotoxicology. Environ Sci Technol. 38:58A–64A.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farcy E, Voiseux C, Robbes I, Lebel JM, Fievet B. 2011. Effect of ionizing radiation on the transcription levels of cell stress marker genes in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. Radiat Res. 176:38–48.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Festarini A, Shultz C, Stuart M, Kim SB, Ferreri C. 2015. Cellular responses to tritium exposure in Rainbow trout: Hto- and obt-spiked feed exposure experiments. CNL Nuclear Review. 5:155–172.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Festarini A, Shultz C, Stuart M, Kim SB, Ferreri C. 2019. Cellular responses in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) reared in tritiated water and/or fed organically bound tritium. Appl Radiat Isot. 151:217–225.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Freeman JL, Weber GJ, Peterson SM, Nie LH. 2014. Embryonic ionizing radiation exposure results in expression alterations of genes associated with cardiovascular and neurological development, function, and disease and modified cardiovascular function in zebrafish. Front Genet. 5:268.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gaetke LM, Chow CK. 2003. Copper toxicity, oxidative stress, and antioxidant nutrients. Toxicology. 189:147–163.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Godoy JM, de Oliveira MS, de Almeida CE, de Carvalho ZL, da Silva ER, Fernandes Fda C, Pitanga FL, Danelon OM. 2008. 210Po concentration in Perna perna mussels: looking for radiation effects. J Environ Radioact. 99:631–640.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gomes T, Chora S, Pereira CG, Cardoso C, Bebianno MJ. 2014. Proteomic response of mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis exposed to CuO NPs and Cu2+: an exploratory biomarker discovery. Aquat Toxicol. 155:327–336.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grosell M, Blanchard J, Brix KV, Gerdes R. 2007. Physiology is pivotal for interactions between salinity and acute copper toxicity to fish and invertebrates. Aquat Toxicol. 84:162–172.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gunten HRV, Beneš P. 1995. Speciation of radionuclides in the environment. Radiochim Acta. 69:1–29.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hagger JA, Atienzar FA, Jha AN. 2005. Genotoxic, cytotoxic, developmental and survival effects of tritiated water in the early life stages of the marine mollusc, Mytilus edulis. Aquat Toxicol. 74:205–217.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heier LS, Teien HC, Oughton D, Tollefsen KE, Olsvik PA, Rosseland BO, Lind OC, Farmen E, Skipperud L, Salbu B. 2013. Sublethal effects in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) exposed to mixtures of copper, aluminium and gamma radiation. J Environ Radioact. 121:33–42.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu QH, Weng JQ, Wang JS. 2010. Sources of anthropogenic radionuclides in the environment: a review. J Environ Radioact. 101:426–437.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• IPCC. 2007. Summary for policymakers. In: Solomon S, editor. Climate Change 2007: the Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge (UK): Cambridge University Press; p. 1–18.
   Google Scholar
• Ivashkevich A, Redon CE, Nakamura AJ, Martin RF, Martin OA. 2012. Use of the γ-H2AX assay to monitor DNA damage and repair in translational cancer research. Cancer Lett. 327:123–133.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ivashkevich AN, Martin OA, Smith AJ, Redon CE, Bonner WM, Martin RF, Lobachevsky PN. 2011. γH2AX foci as a measure of DNA damage: a computational approach to automatic analysis. Mutat Res. 711:49–60.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jaafar L, Podolsky RH, Dynan WS. 2013. Long-term effects of ionizing radiation on gene expression in a zebrafish model. PLoS ONE. 8:e69445.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jaeschke BC, Bradshaw C. 2013. Bioaccumulation of tritiated water in phytoplankton and trophic transfer of organically bound tritium to the blue mussel, Mytilus edulis. J Environ Radioact. 115:28–33.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jaeschke BC, Millward GE, Moody AJ, Jha AN. 2011. Tissue-specific incorporation and genotoxicity of different forms of tritium in the marine mussel, Mytilus edulis. Environ Pollut. 159:274–280.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jha AN, Dogra Y, Turner A, Millward GE. 2005. Impact of low doses of tritium on the marine mussel, Mytilus edulis: genotoxic effects and tissue-specific bioconcentration. Mutat Res. 586:47–57.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jha AN, Dogra Y, Turner A, Millward GE. 2006. Are low doses of tritium genotoxic to Mytilus edulis? Mar Environ Res. 62:S297–S300.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jha AN. 2008. Ecotoxicological applications and significance of the comet assay. Mutagenesis. 23:207–221.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim BE, Nevitt T, Thiele DJ. 2008. Mechanisms for copper acquisition, distribution and regulation. Nat Chem Biol. 4:176–185.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Köhler A, Wahl E, Soffker K. 2002. Functional and morphological changes of lysosomes as prognostic biomarkers of toxic liver injury in a marine flatfish (Platichthys flesus (L.)). Environ Toxicol Chem. 21:2434–2444.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Praveen Kumar MK, Shyama SK, Sonaye BS, Naik UR, Kadam SB, Bipin PD, D'costa A, Chaubey RC. 2014. Evaluation of γ-radiation-induced DNA damage in two species of bivalves and their relative sensitivity using comet assay. Aquat Toxicol. 150:1–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumaravel TS, Jha AN. 2006. Reliable Comet assay measurements for detecting DNA damage induced by ionising radiation and chemicals. Mutat Res. 605:7–16.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuo LJ, Yang LX. 2008. Gamma-H2AX – a novel biomarker for DNA double-strand breaks. In Vivo. 22:305–309.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lewis C, Ellis RP, Vernon E, Elliot K, Newbatt S, Wilson RW. 2016. Ocean acidification increases copper toxicity differentially in two key marine invertebrates with distinct acid-base responses. Sci Rep. 6:21554.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maria VL, Gomes T, Barreira L, Bebianno MJ. 2013. Impact of benzo(a)pyrene, Cu and their mixture on the proteomic response of Mytilus galloprovincialis. Aquat Toxicol. 144-145:284–295.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McDonald JH, Seed R, Koehn RK. 1991. Allozymes and morphometric characters of three species of Mytilus in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. Mar Biol. 111:323–333.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moore MN, Allen JI, McVeigh A. 2006. Environmental prognostics: an integrated model supporting lysosomal stress responses as predictive biomarkers of animal health status. Mar Environ Res. 61:278–304.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moore MN, Depledge MH, Readman JW, Paul Leonard DR. 2004. An integrated biomarker-based strategy for ecotoxicological evaluation of risk in environmental management. Mutat Res. 552:247–268.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mothersill C, Salbu B, Heier LS, Teien HC, Denbeigh J, Oughton D, Rosseland BO, Seymour CB. 2007. Multiple stressor effects of radiation and metals in salmon (Salmo salar). J Environ Radioact. 96:20–31.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olsvik PA, Heier LS, Rosseland BO, Teien HC, Salbu B. 2010. Effects of combined gamma-irradiation and metal (Al + Cd) exposures in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). J Environ Radioact. 101:230–236.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parisot F, Bourdineaud JP, Plaire D, Adam-Guillermin C, Alonzo F. 2015. DNA alterations and effects on growth and reproduction in Daphnia magna during chronic exposure to gamma radiation over three successive generations. Aquat Toxicol. 163:27–36.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pearson HBC, Dallas LJ, Comber SDW, Braungardt CB, Worsfold PJ, Jha AN. 2018. Mixtures of tritiated water, zinc and dissolved organic carbon: assessing interactive bioaccumulation and genotoxic effects in marine mussels, Mytilus galloprovincialis. J Environ Radioact. 187:133–143.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pereira S, Bourrachot S, Cavalie I, Plaire D, Dutilleul M, Gilbin R, Adam-Guillermin C. 2011. Genotoxicity of acute and chronic gamma-irradiation on zebrafish cells and consequences for embryo development. Environ Toxicol Chem. 30:2831–2837.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pereira S, Malard V, Ravanat JL, Davin AH, Armengaud J, Foray N, Adam-Guillermin C. 2014. Low Doses of Gamma-Irradiation Induce an Early Bystander Effect in Zebrafish Cells Which Is Sufficient to Radioprotect Cells. PLoS ONE. 9:e92974.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramakers C, Ruijter JM, Deprez RH, Moorman AF. 2003. Assumption-free analysis of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) data. Neurosci Lett. 339:62–66.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Richards R, Chaloupka M, Sanò M, Tomlinson R. 2011. Modelling the effects of ‘coastal’ acidification on copper speciation. Ecol Modell. 222:3559–3567.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruijter JM, Ramakers C, Hoogaars WM, Karlen Y, Bakker O, van den Hoff MJ, Moorman AF. 2009. Amplification efficiency: linking baseline and bias in the analysis of quantitative PCR data. Nucleic Acids Res. 37:e45.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salbu B, Rosseland B, Oughton D. 2005. Multiple stressors – a challenge for the future. J Environ Monit. 7:539.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sayed AEDH, Igarashi K, Watanabe-Asaka T, Mitani H. 2017. Double strand break repair and γ-H2AX formation in erythrocytes of medaka (Oryzias latipes) after γ-irradiation. Environ Pollut. 224:35–43.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schnug L, Jensen J, Scott-Fordsmand JJ, Leinaas HP. 2014. Toxicity of three biocides to springtails and earthworms in a soil multi-species (SMS) test system. Soil Biol Biochem. 74:115–126.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sedelnikova OA, Pilch DR, Redon C, Bonner WM. 2003. Histone H2AX in DNA damage and repair. Cancer Biol Ther. 2:233–235.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SEPA. 2013. Phosphorus-32 concentrations in the River Clyde, Scotland between 2005–2013. Scottish Environmental Protection Agency. Personal communication.
   Google Scholar
• Sforzini S, Oliveri C, Barranger A, Jha AN, Banni M, Moore MN, Viarengo A. 2020. Effects of fullerene C60 in blue mussels: role of mTOR in autophagy related cellular/tissue alterations. Chemosphere. 246:125707.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Skipperud L, Salbu B. 2018. Radionuclides: sources, speciation, transfer and impacts in the aquatic and terrestrial environment. In: Dellasala DA, Goldstein MI, editors. Encyclopedia of the anthropocene. Oxford (UK): Elsevier; p. 195–206.
   Google Scholar
• Solomon KR, Sibley P. 2002. New concepts in ecological risk assessment: where do we go from here? Mar Pollut Bull. 44:279–285.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Song Y, Salbu B, Teien HC, Evensen Ø, Lind OC, Rosseland BO, Tollefsen KE. 2016. Hepatic transcriptional responses in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) exposed to gamma radiation and depleted uranium singly and in combination. Sci Total Environ. 562:270–279.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Song Y, Salbu B, Teien HC, Heier LS, Rosseland BO, Tollefsen KE. 2014. Dose-dependent hepatic transcriptional responses in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) exposed to sublethal doses of gamma radiation. Aquat Toxicol. 156:52–64.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strober W. 2001. Trypan blue exclusion test of cell viability. Curr Protoc Immunol. Appendix 3: Appendix 3B.
   Google Scholar
• Trevisan R, Ferraz Mello D, Fisher AS, Schuwerack PM, Dafre AL, Moody AJ. 2011. Selenium in water enhances antioxidant defenses and protects against copper-induced DNA damage in the blue mussel Mytilus edulis. Aquat Toxicol. 101:64–71.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Urushihara Y, Kobayashi J, Matsumoto Y, Komatsu K, Oda S, Mitani H. 2012. DNA-PK inhibition causes a low level of H2AX phosphorylation and homologous recombination repair in Medaka (Oryzias latipes) cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 429:131–136.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Venier P, Maron S, Canova S. 1997. Detection of micronuclei in gill cells and haemocytes of mussels exposed to benzo[a]pyrene. Mutat Res. 390:33–44.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vernon EL, Bean TP, Jha AN. 2020. Assessing relative biomarker responses in marine and freshwater bivalve molluscs following exposure to phosphorus 32 (32P): application of genotoxicological and molecular biomarkers. J Environ Radioact. 213:106120.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vernon EL, Jha AN. 2019. Assessing relative sensitivity of marine and freshwater bivalves following exposure to copper: application of classical and novel genotoxicological biomarkers. Mutat Res. 842:60–71.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vernon EL, Smith JT, Jha AN. 2018. Relative comparison of tissue specific bioaccumulation and radiation dose estimation in marine and freshwater bivalve molluscs following exposure to phosphorus-32. J Environ Radioact. 192:312–320.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vincent-Hubert F, Arini A, Gourlay-Francé C. 2011. Early genotoxic effects in gill cells and haemocytes of Dreissena polymorpha exposed to cadmium, B[a]P and a combination of B[a]P and Cd. Mutat Res. 723:26–35.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vosloo D, Sara J, Vosloo A. 2012. Acute responses of brown mussel (Perna perna) exposed to sub-lethal copper levels: integration of physiological and cellular responses. Aquat Toxicol. 106-107:1–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu K, Tang Z, Liu S, Liao Z, Xia H, Liu L, Wang Z, Qi P. 2018. Effects of low concentrations copper on antioxidant responses, DNA damage and genotoxicity in thick shell mussel Mytilus coruscus. Fish Shellfish Immunol. 82:77–83.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu M, Jiang L, Shen KN, Wu C, He G, Hsiao CD. 2016. Transcriptome response to copper heavy metal stress in hard-shelled mussel (Mytilus coruscus). Genom Data. 7:152–154.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yu KN, Tung MMT, Choi VWY, Cheng SH. 2012. Alpha radiation exposure decreases apoptotic cells in zebrafish embryos subsequently exposed to the chemical stressor, Cd. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 19:3831–3839.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar