Reduced pain after surgery for cervical disc protrusion/stenosis: a 2 year clinical follow-up

References

• Cloward RB. The anterior approach for ruptured cervical discs. Journal of Neurosurgery 1958; 15: 602– 614.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith GW, Robinson RA. The treatment of certain cervical-spine disorders by anterior removal of the intervertebral disc and interbody fusion. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery American Volume 1958; 41A: 607– 624.
   Google Scholar
• Hubach PC. A prospective study of anterior cervical spondylodesis in intervertebral disc disorders. European Spine Journal 1994; 3: 209– 213.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lunsford LD, Bissonette DJ, Jannetta PJ, Sheptak PE, Zorub DS. Anterior surgery for cervical disc disease. Part 1: Treatment of lateral cervical disc herniation in 253 cases. Journal of Neurosurgery 1980; 53: 1– 11.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sutter B, Friehs G, Pendl G, Tolly E. Bovine dowels for anterior cervical fusion: experience in 66 patients with a note on post- operative CT and MRI appearance. Acta Neurochirurgica 1995; 137: 192– 198.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cauthen JC, Kinard RE, Vogler JB, et al. Outcome analysis of noninstrumented anterior cervical discectomy and interbody fusion in 348 patients. Spine 1998; 23: 188– 192.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sampath P, Bendebba M, Davis JD, Ducker T. Outcome in patients with cervical radiculopathy. Prospective, multicenter study with independent clinical review. Spine 1999; 24: 591– 597.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bergner M, Bobbitt RA, Carter WB, Gilson BS. The Sickness Impact Profile: development and final revision of a health status measure. Medical Care 1981; 19: 787– 805.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Persson LC, Carlsson CA, Carlsson JY. Long-lasting cervical radicular pain managed with surgery, physiotherapy, or a cervical collar. A prospective, randomized study. Spine 1997; 22: 751– 758.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Various authors. Visual analogue pain rating scales. In: I McDowell, C Newell (eds) Measuring Health – A Guide to Rating Scales and Questionnaires, (second edition). New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996; 341–346.
   Google Scholar
• Sullivan M. The Sickness Impact Profile (SIP): an instrument for overall health assessment, a basic evaluation. Journal of Drug Research 1988; 13: 167– 169.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bradley JV. Distribution-Free Statistical Tests. London: Prentice- Hall Inc, 1968; 73–76.
   Google Scholar
• Bradley JV. Distribution-Free Statistical Tests. London: Prentice- Hall Inc, 1968; 78–80.
   Google Scholar
• Sullivan M, Ahlmen M, Archenholtz B, Svensson G. Measuring health in rheumatic disorders by means of a Swedish version of the sickness impact profile. Results from a population study. Scandi- navian Journal of Rheumatology 1986; 15: 193– 200.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahlmen M, Sullivan M, Bjelle A. Team versus non-team outpatient care in rheumatoid arthritis. A comprehensive outcome evaluation including an overall health measure. Arthritis and Rheumatism 1988; 31: 471– 479.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carlsson J, Augustinsson LE, Blomstrand C, Sullivan M. Health status in patients with tension headache treated with acupuncture or physiotherapy. Headache 1990; 30: 593– 599.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Augustinsson LE, Sullivan L, Sullivan M. Physical, psychologic, and social function in chronic pain patients after epidural spinal electrical stimulation. Spine 1986; 11: 111– 119.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burchiel KJ, Anderson VC, Brown FD, et al. Prospective, multicenter study of spinal cord stimulation for relief of chronic back and extremity pain. Spine 1996; 21: 2786– 2794.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sullivan M, Ahlmen M, Bjelle A. Health status assessment in rheumatoid arthritis. I. Further work on the validity of the sickness impact profile. Journal of Rheumatology 1990; 17: 439– 447.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lees F, Turner JWA. Natural history and prognosis of cervical spondylosis. British Medical Journal 1963; 2: 1607– 1610.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• de Palma AF, Rothman RH, Levitt RL, Hammond NL. The natural history of severe cervical disc degeneration. Acta Ortho- paedica Scandinavica 1972; 43: 392– 396.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lo¨ fgren H, Vallo¨ Christiansen J, Johannsson V, Levander B. MRI and clinical course after anterior cervical decompression and fusion. A prospective two years longitudinal evaluation showing fibrous union of the bovine graft. Neuro-Orthopedics 1999; 26: 19– 31.
   Google Scholar
• Zoega B, Ka¨ rrholm J, Lind B. One-level cervical spine fusion. A randomized study, with or without plate fixation, using radio- stereometry in 27 patients. Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica 1998; 69: 363– 368.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weber H. Lumbar disc herniation. A controlled, prospective study with ten years of observation. Spine 1983; 8: 131– 140.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zoega B. Thesis. Go¨ teborg: Go¨ teborg University, 1998.
   Google Scholar
• Attal N, Bouhassira D. Mechanisms of pain in peripheral neuropathy. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica Supplementum 1999; 173: 12– 24.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Eide PK. Wind-up and the NMDA receptor complex from a clinical perspective. European Journal of Pain 2000; 4: 5– 15.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pfingsten M, Hildebrandt J, Leibing E, Franz C, Saur P. Effectiveness of a multimodal treatment program for chronic low-back pain. Pain 1997; 73: 77– 85.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lo¨ fgren H, Johannsson V, Olsson T, Ryd L, Levander B. Rigid fusion after Cloward operation for cervical disc disease using autograft, allograft, or xenograft: a randomized study with radiostereometric and clinical follow-up assessment. Spine 2000; 25: 1908– 1916.
   Google Scholar