Measurement properties of the Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale among individuals with stroke

References

• Niam S, Cheung W, Sullivan PE, Kent S, Gu X. Balance and physical impairments after stroke. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 1999; 80: 1227–1233.
   Google Scholar
• Mayo NE, Korner-Bitensky N, Kaizer F. Relationship between response time and falls among stroke patients undergoing physical rehabilitation. International Journal of Rehabilitation Research 1990; 13: 47–55.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nyberg L, Gustafson Y. Using the Downton Index to predict those prone to falls in stroke rehabilitation. Stroke 1996; 27(10): 1821– 1824.
   Google Scholar
• Overstall P. Falls after stroke. British Medical Journal 1995; 311: 75–75.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sackley CM. Falls, sway, and symmetry of weight bearing after stroke. International Disability Studies 1991; 13: 1–4.
   Google Scholar
• Tinetti ME, Richman D, Powell L. Falls efficacy as a measure of fear of falling. Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences 1990; 45(6): 239– 243.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tinetti ME, Powell L. Fear of falling and low self-efficacy: A cause of dependence in the elderly. Journal of Gerontology 1993; 48: 35–38.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Vellas BJ, Wayne SJ, Romero LJ, Baumgartner RN, Garry PJ. Fear of falling and restriction of mobility in elderly fallers. Age and Ageing 1997; 26: 189–193.
   Google Scholar
• Chandler JM, Duncan PW, Sanders L, Studenski S. The fear of falling syndrome: Relationship to falls, physical perfor- mance, and activities of daily living in frail older persons. Topics in Geriatrics and Rehabilitation 1996; 11(3): 55– 63.
   Google Scholar
• Walker Peterson E. Fear of falling. Part I: Prevalence, intensity and implications. Home Community Health (Special Interest Section Newsletter) 2001; 8(4): 1– 3.
   Google Scholar
• Li F, McAuley E, Fisher JK, et al. Self efficacy as a mediator between fear of falling and functional ability in the elderly. Journal of Aging and Health 2002; 14(4): 452– 466.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hellstrom K, Lindmark B. Fear of falling in patients with stroke: A reliability study. Clinical Rehabilitation 1999;13: 509– 517.
   Google Scholar
• Hellstrom K, Nilsson L, Fugl Meyer AR. Relationship of confidence in task performance with balance and motor function after stroke. Physiotherapy Theory Practice 2001; 17: 55–65.
   Google Scholar
• Hellstrom K, Lindmark B, Fugl Meyer A. The Falls-Efficacy Scale, Swedish version: Does it reflect clinically meaningful changes after stroke? Disability and Rehabilitation 2002;24 (9): 471– 482.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Friedman SM, Munoz B, West SK, Rubin GS, Fried LP. Falls and fear of falling: Which comes first? A longitudinal prediction model suggests strategies for primary and second- ary prevention. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2002; 50: 1329–1335.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cameron ID, Stafford B, Cumming RG, et al. Hip protectors improve falls self-efficacy. Age and Ageing 2000; 29: 57–62.
   Google Scholar
• Walls BS. A dangerous secret: ‘I had a fall’. OT Practice 1999; 4(11): 12– 16.
   Google Scholar
• Riley G, Holding D. Tackling a fear of falling using graded exposure. Physiotherapy 2000; 86(3): 143– 145.
   Google Scholar
• Walker PE. Help patients recover from the fear of falling. Hospital Case Management 2000; 8(3): 44– 48.
   Google Scholar
• Gentleman B, Malozemoff W. Falls and feelings: Description of a psychosocial group nursing intervention. Journal of Gerontology and Nursing 2001; 27(10): 35– 39.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rodriquez AA, Black PO, Kile KA, Sherman J, Stellberg B, McCormick J, Roszkowski J, Swiggum E. Gait training efficacy using a home-based practice model in chronic hemiplegia. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 1996; 77: 801–805.
   Google Scholar
• Myers AM, Fletcher PC, Myers AH, Sherk W. Discriminative and evaluative properties of the Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) scale. Journal of Gerontology: Medical Sciences 1998;53A(4): M287– 294.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Powell LE, Myers AM. The Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) scale. Journal of Gerontology: Medical Sciences 1995;50A(1): M28– 34.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Myers AM, Powell LE, Maki BE, Holliday PJ, Brawley LR, Sherk W. Psychological indicators of balance confidence: Relationship to actual and perceived abilities. Journal of Gerontology: Medical Sciences 1996;51A(1): M37– 43.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tinetti ME, Richman D, Powell L. Falls efficacy as a measure of fear of falling. Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences 1990; 45(6): 239– 243.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bandura A. Self-efficacy mechanism in human agency. American Psychologist 1982; 37: 122–147.
   Google Scholar
• Petrella RJ, Payne M, Myers A, Overand T, Chesworth B. Physcial function and fear of falling after hip fracture rehabilitation in the elderly. American Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2000; 79(2): 154– 160.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller WC, Death BA, Speechley M, Koval J. The influence of falling, fear of falling, and balance confidence on prosthetic mobility and social activity among individuals with a lower extremity amputation. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2001; 82: 1238–1244.
   Google Scholar
• Miller WC, Speechley M, Death BA. Balance confidence among people with lower-limb amputations. Physical Therapy 2002; 82(9): 856– 865.
   Google Scholar
• Miller WC, Death BA, Speechley M. Psychometric properties of the Activities-specific Balance Confidence scale. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2003; 85(5): 656– 661.
   Google Scholar
• Hoeppner SC, Rimmer JH. Postural balance and self reported exercise in older adults. Adapted Physical Activities Quarterly 2000; 17: 66–77.
   Google Scholar
• Furzhong L, McAuley E, Fisher JK, Harmer P, Chaumeton N, Wilson NL. Self-efficacy as a mediator between fear of falling and functional ability in the elderly. Journal of Aging and Health 2002; 14(4): 452– 466.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Velozo CA, Peterson EW. Developing meaningful fear of falling measures for community dwelling elderly. American Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2001; 80(9): 662– 673.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whitney SL, Hudak MT, Marchetti GF. The Activites- specific Balance Confidence scale and the Dizziness Handicap Inventory: A comparison. Journal of Vestibular Research 1999; 9: 253–259.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jorgensen L, Engstad T, Jacobsen BK. Higher incidence of falls in long-term stroke survivors than in population controls: depressive symptoms predict falls after stroke. Stroke 2002; 33: 542–547.
   Google Scholar
• Forster A, Young J. Incidence and consequences of falls due to stroke: a systematic inquiry. British Medical Journal 1995; 311: 83–86.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR. ‘‘Mini-mental state’’: A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. Journal of Psychology Research 1975;12: 189– 198.
   Google Scholar
• Eng JJ, Chu K, Kim CM, Dawson AS, Carswell A, Hepburn K. A community-based group exercise program for persons with chronic stroke. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 2003; 35(8): 1271– 1278.
   Google Scholar
• Berg K, Wood-Dauphinee S, Williams JI, Gayton D. Measuring balance in the elderly: preliminary development of an instrument. Physiotherapy Canada 1989; 41(6):304–311.
   Google Scholar
• Berg K, Wood-Dauphinee S, Williams JI. The Balance Scale: reliability assessment with elderly residents and patients with an acute stroke. Scandinavian Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine 1995; 27(1):27–36.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Stevensson TJ, Garland SJ. Standing balance during internally produced perturbations in subjects with hemiplegia: Valida- tion of the balance scale. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 1996; 77: 656–662.
   Google Scholar
• Wood-Dauphinee SL, Berg K, Bravo G, Williams JI. The balance scale: Responsiveness to clinically meaningful changes. Canadian Journal of Rehabilitation 1997; 10: 35–50.
   Google Scholar
• Richards CL, Malouin F, Dumas F, et al. 1995. Gait velocity as an outcome measure of locomoter recovery after stroke. In: Craik R, Oatic C, editors. Gait analysis: Theory and applications. St. Louis, MO: Mosby, pp. 355–364.
   Google Scholar
• Cohen J. 1998. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. 2nd edn. Hillside, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associa- tion.
   Google Scholar
• Streiner DL, Norman GR. 1995. Health measurement scales. A practical guide to their development and use. 2nd ed. Oxford: Oxford Medical Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Bland JM, Altman DG. Statistical methods for assessing agreement between two methods of clinical measurement. Lancet 1986; 1: 307–310.
   Google Scholar
• Anderson EM. Criteria for assessing the tools of disability outcomes research. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2000; 12(2): S15– 20.
   Google Scholar
• Weiner EA, Steward BJ. 1984. Assessing individuals. Boston, MA: Little Brown.
   Google Scholar
• Nunally JC . 1978. Psychometric theory. 2nd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill.
   Google Scholar
• Feigenson J. Stroke rehabilitation: Outcome studies and guidelines for alternative levels of care. Stroke 1981;12:372.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berg KO, Wood-Dauphinee SL, Williams, JI, Maki, B. Measuring balance in the elderly: Validation of an instrument. Canadian Journal of Public Health 1992; 83(2): S7– 11.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar