130
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Assessment Procedures

Cross-cultural adaptation and reliability of the Foot Posture Index (FPI-6) – French version

ORCID Icon, , , ORCID Icon &
Pages 1621-1629 | Received 18 Jul 2022, Accepted 12 Apr 2023, Published online: 19 May 2023

References

  • Song J, Hillstrom H, Secord D, et al. Foot type biomechanics. Comparison of planus and rectus foot types. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc. 1996;86(1):16–23.
  • Williams DS, McClay IS. Measurements used to characterize the foot and the medial longitudinal arch: reliability and validity. Physical Therapy. 2000;80(9):864–871.
  • Jonson LSR, Gross MT. Intraexaminer reliability, interexaminer reliability, and mean values for nine lower extremity skeletal measures in healthy naval midshipmen. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1997;25(4):253–263.
  • Brody DM. Techniques in the evaluation and treatment of the injured runner. Orthop Clin North Am. 1982;13(3):541–558.
  • Menz HB. Alternative techniques for the clinical assessment of foot pronation. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc. 1998;88(3):119–129.
  • Rose G, Welton E, Marshall T. The diagnosis of flat foot in the child. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1985;67(1):71–78.
  • Sell KE, Verity TM, Worrell TW, et al. Two measurement techniques for assessing subtalar joint position: a reliability study. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1994;19(3):162–167.
  • Cavanagh PR, Rodgers MM. The arch index: a useful measure from footprints. J Biomech. 1987;20(5):547–551.
  • Staheli LT, Chew DE, Corbett M. The longitudinal arch. A survey of eight hundred and eighty-two feet in normal children and adults. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1987;69(3):426–428.
  • Irwin LW. A study of the tendency of school children to develop Flat-Footedness. Res Quart Am Phys Educ Assoc. 1937;8(1):46–53.
  • Hawes MR, Nachbauer W, Sovak D, et al. Footprint parameters as a measure of arch height. Foot Ankle. 1992;13(1):22–26.
  • Clarke HH. An objective method of measuring the height of the longitudinal arch in foot examinations. Res Quart Am Phys Educ Assoc. 1933;4(1):91–98.
  • Forriol F, Pascual J. Footprint analysis between three and seventeen years of age. Foot Ankle. 1990;11(2):101–104.
  • Goldcher A. Podologie. France: Elsevier/Masson. 2012. http://site.ebrary.com/id/10572593
  • Lelièvre J, Lelièvre JF. Pathologie du pied : physiologie, clinique, traitement médical, orthopédique et chirurgical. Masson; 1981.
  • Razeghi M, Batt ME. Foot type classification: a critical review of current methods. Gait Posture. 2002;15(3):282–291.
  • Favreul E, Mainard D. Classifications et scores en chirurgie orthopédique et traumatologie. Springer; 2013.
  • Stockley I, Betts RP, Rowley DI, et al. The importance of the valgus hindfoot in forefoot surgery in rheumatoid arthritis. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1990;72(4):705–708.
  • Lee KM, Chung CY, Park MS, et al. Reliability and validity of radiographic measurements in hindfoot varus and valgus. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2010;92(13):2319–2327.
  • de Cesar Netto C, Kunas GC, Soukup D, et al. Correlation of clinical evaluation and radiographic hindfoot alignment in stage II Adult-Acquired flatfoot deformity. Foot Ankle Int. 2018;39(7):771–779.
  • Thomas JL, Kunkel MW, Lopez R, et al. Radiographic values of the adult foot in a standardized population. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2006;45(1):3–12.
  • Currey JD, Foreman J, Laketic I, et al. Effects of ionizing radiation on the mechanical properties of human bone. J Orthop Res. 1997;15(1):111–117.
  • Limirio PHJO, Soares PBF, Emi ETP, et al. Ionizing radiation and bone quality: time-dependent effects. Radiat Oncol. 2019;14(1):15.
  • Cowan DN, Robinson JR, Jones BH, et al. Consistency of visual assessments of arch height among clinicians. Foot Ankle Int. 1994;15(4):213–217.
  • Hamill J, Bates BT, Knutzen KM, et al. Relationship between selected static an dynamic lower extremity measures. Clin Biomech. 1989;4(4):217–225.
  • Langley B, Cramp M, Morrison SC. Clinical measures of static foot posture do not agree. J Foot Ankle Res. 2016;9(1):45.
  • Jarvis HL, Nester CJ, Jones RK, et al. Inter-assessor reliability of practice based biomechanical assessment of the foot and ankle. J Foot Ankle Res. 2012;5(1):14.
  • Redmond AC, Crosbie J, Ouvrier RA. Development and validation of a novel rating system for scoring standing foot posture: the Foot Posture Index. Clin Biomech. 2006;21(1):89–98.
  • Banwell HA, Paris ME, Mackintosh S, et al. Paediatric flexible flat foot: how are we measuring it and are we getting it right? A systematic review. J Foot Ankle Res. 2018;11(1):21.
  • Carrasco AC, Silva MF, Guenka LC, et al. Non-radiographic validity and reliability measures for assessing foot types: a systematic review. Foot Ankle Surg. 2021;27(8):839–850.
  • Buldt AK, Murley GS, Levinger P, et al. Are clinical measures of foot posture and mobility associated with foot kinematics when walking? J Foot Ankle Res. 2015;8(1):63.
  • Cornwall MW, McPoil TG. Relationship between static foot posture and foot mobility. J Foot Ankle Res. 2011;4(1):4.
  • Barton CJ, Levinger P, Crossley KM, et al. Relationships between the Foot Posture Index and foot kinematics during gait in individuals with and without patellofemoral pain syndrome. J Foot Ankle Res. 2011;4(1):10.
  • Buldt AK, Murley GS, Butterworth P, et al. The relationship between foot posture and lower limb kinematics during walking: a systematic review. Gait Posture. 2013;38(3):363–372.
  • Chuter VH. Relationships between foot type and dynamic rearfoot frontal plane motion. J Foot Ankle Res. 2010;3:9.
  • Nielsen R, Rathleff M, Kersting U, et al. The predictive value of the Foot Posture Index on dynamic function. J Foot Ankle Res. 2008;1(S1):O37.
  • Nielsen RG, Rathleff MS, Moelgaard CM, et al. Video based analysis of dynamic midfoot function and its relationship with Foot Posture Index scores. Gait Posture. 2010;31(1):126–130.
  • Paterson KL, Clark RA, Mullins A, et al. Predicting dynamic foot function from static foot posture: comparison between visual assessment, motion analysis, and a commercially available depth camera. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2015;45(10):789–798.
  • Aquino MRC, Avelar BS, Silva PL, et al. Reliability of Foot Posture Index individual and total scores for adults and older adults. Musculoskelet Sci Pract. 2018;36:92–95.
  • Redmond AC, Crane YZ, Menz HB. Normative values for the Foot Posture Index. J Foot Ankle Res. 2008;1(1):6.
  • Jimenez-Cebrian AM, Morente-Bernal MF, Román-Bravo PD, et al. Influence of age, sex, and anthropometric determinants on the Foot Posture Index in a pediatric population. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc. 2017;107(2):124–129.
  • Cornwall MW, McPoil TG, Lebec M, et al. Reliability of the modified Foot Posture Index. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc. 2008;98(1):7–13.
  • Evans AM, Rome K, Peet L. The Foot Posture Index, ankle lunge test, beighton scale and the lower limb assessment score in healthy children: a reliability study. J Foot Ankle Res. 2012;5(1):1.
  • Lee JD, Kim YM, Kim K, et al. Reliability of the Foot Posture Index (FPI-6) for assessment of stroke patients. J Kor Phys Ther. 2015;27(5):311–314.
  • McLaughlin P, Vaughan B, Shanahan J, et al. Inexperienced examiners and the Foot Posture Index: a reliability study. Man Ther. 2016;26:238–240.
  • Morrison SC, Ferrari J. Inter-rater reliability of the Foot Posture Index (FPI-6) in the assessment of the paediatric foot. J Foot Ankle Res. 2009;2(1):26.
  • Rokkedal-Lausch T, Lykke M, Hansen MS, et al. Normative values for the Foot Posture Index between right and left foot: a descriptive study. Gait Posture. 2013;38(4):843–846.
  • Gijon-Nogueron G, Martinez-Nova A, Alfageme-Garcia P, et al. International normative data for paediatric foot posture assessment: a cross-sectional investigation. BMJ Open. 2019;9(4):e023341.
  • Burns J, Ryan MM, Ouvrier RA. Evolution of foot manifestations in children with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. J Foot Ankle Res. 2008;1(S1):O5.
  • Burns J, Ryan MM, Ouvrier RA. Evolution of foot and ankle manifestations in children with CMT1A. Muscle Nerve. 2009;39(2):158–166.
  • Crosbie J, Burns J, Ouvrier RA. Pressure characteristics in painful pes cavus feet resulting from charcot–marie–tooth disease. Gait Posture. 2008;28(4):545–551.
  • Buldt AK, Forghany S, Landorf KB, et al. Foot posture is associated with plantar pressure during gait: a comparison of normal, planus and cavus feet. Gait Posture. 2018;62:235–240.
  • Lee JS, Kim KB, Jeong JO, et al. Correlation of Foot Posture Index with plantar pressure and radiographic measurements in pediatric flatfoot. Ann Rehabil Med. 2015;39(1):10–17.
  • Sánchez-Rodríguez R, Martínez-Nova A, Escamilla-Martínez E, et al. Can the Foot Posture Index or their individual criteria predict dynamic plantar pressures? Gait Posture. 2012;36(3):591–595.
  • Teyhen DS, Stoltenberg BE, Eckard TG, et al. Static foot posture associated with dynamic plantar pressure parameters. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2011;41(2):100–107.
  • Cho YJ, Lee JH, Kyung MG, et al. Correlation between Foot Posture Index and radiographic parameters. 2020. DOI:10.21203/rs.3.rs-40101/v1
  • McDonald SW, Tavener G. Pronation and supination of the foot: confused terminology. The Foot. 1999;9(1):6–11.
  • Martinez BR, Oliveira JCD, Vieira KVSG, et al. Translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and reliability of the Foot Posture Index (FPI-6) - Brazilian version. Physiother Theory Pract. 2021;37(1):218–223.
  • Beaton DE, Bombardier C, Guillemin F, et al. Guidelines for the process of Cross-Cultural adaptation of Self-Report measures. Spine. 2000;25(24):3186–3191.
  • Pourtier-Piotte C, Pereira B, Soubrier M, et al. French validation of the foot function index (FFI). Ann Phys Rehabil Med. 2015;58(5):276–282.
  • Wild D, Grove A, Martin M, et al. Principles of good practice for the translation and cultural adaptation process for Patient-Reported outcomes (PRO) measures: report of the ISPOR task force for translation and cultural adaptation. Value Health. 2005;8(2):94–104.
  • Likert R. A technique for the measurement of attitudes. Arch Psychol. 1932;22(140):55–55.
  • Terwee CB, Bot SDM, de Boer MR, et al. Quality criteria were proposed for measurement properties of health status questionnaires. J Clin Epidemiol. 2007;60(1):34–42.
  • Rodineau J, Saillant G. Panorama en traumatologie du sport: 20e journée de traumatologie du sport de la Pitié-Salpêtrière. Masson; 2002.
  • Al-Mohrej OA, Al-Kenani NS. Acute ankle sprain: conservative or surgical approach? EFORT Open Rev. 2016;1(2):34–44.
  • Coudreuse JM. Pathologies musculaires du sportif. EMC - Traité De Médecine AKOS. 2013;8(1):1–5.
  • D’Hooghe P, Cruz F, Alkhelaifi K. Return to play after a lateral ligament ankle sprain. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2020;13(3):281–288.
  • Tassignon B, Verschueren J, Delahunt E, et al. Criteria-Based return to sport Decision-Making following lateral ankle sprain injury: a systematic review and narrative synthesis. Sports Med. 2019;49(4):601–619.
  • Grigoryan M, Lynch JA, Fierlinger AL, et al. Quantitative and qualitative assessment of closed fracture healing using computed tomography and conventional radiography1. Acad Radiol. 2003;10(11):1267–1273.
  • van Melick N, Meddeler BM, Hoogeboom TJ, et al. How to determine leg dominance: the agreement between self-reported and observed performance in healthy adults. PLoS One. 2017;12(12):e0189876.
  • Cicchetti DV. Guidelines, criteria, and rules of thumb for evaluating normed and standardized assessment instruments in psychology. Psychological Assessment. 1994;6(4):284–290.
  • Beckerman H, Vogelaar TW, Lankhorst GJ, et al. A criterion for stability of the motor function of the lower extremity in stroke patients using the Fugl-Meyer assessment scale. Scand J Rehabil Med. 1996;28(1):3–7.
  • Weir JP. Quantifying Test-Retest reliability using the intraclass correlation coefficient and the SEM. J Strength Cond Res. 2005;19(1):231–240.
  • Redmond AC. The FOOT POSTURE INDEX- Easy quantification of standing foot posture - Six item version FPI-6 - USER GUIDE aND MANUAL. 2005;
  • Johnson KA. Tibialis posterior tendon rupture. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1983;177(&NA):140–147.
  • Perrier A. Conception et évaluation d’un modèle biomécanique, éléments finis, Patient-Spécifique, Du pied humain. Applications En Podologie, Orthopédie Et Diabétologie. 2016.
  • Foisy A, Perrier A. Méthodologie de recherche en podologie (2/3) : outils et tests d’évaluations. 2021;
  • Akoh CC, Phisitkul P. Clinical examination and radiographic assessment of the cavus foot. Foot Ankle Clin. 2019;24(2):183–193.
  • Drapé JL. Imagerie du pied et de la cheville. Elsevier Masson; 2010.
  • Maynou C, Szymanski C, Thiounn A. The adult cavus foot. EFORT Open Rev. 2017;2(5):221–229.
  • Meary R. On the measurment of the angle between the talus and the first metatarsal. Rev Chir Orthop. 1967;53:389–391.
  • Kirmizi M, Cakiroglu MA, Elvan A, et al. Reliability of different clinical techniques for assessing foot posture. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2020;43(9):901–908.
  • Barton CJ, Bonanno D, Levinger P, et al. Foot and ankle characteristics in patellofemoral pain syndrome: a case control and reliability study. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2010;40(5):286–296.
  • Motantasut P, Hunsawong T, Mato L, et al. Reliability of novice and experienced physiotherapists using the normalized navicular height truncated and the Foot Posture Index-6 for classifying static foot posture in adults. J Phys Ther Sci. 2019;31(4):392–397.
  • Mentiplay BF, Clark RA, Mullins A, et al. Reliability and validity of the microsoft kinect for evaluating static foot posture. J Foot Ankle Res. 2013;6(1):14.
  • Yang J, Ou Z, Mao Z, et al. Reliability and validity of Foot Posture Index (FPI-6) for evaluating foot posture in participants with low back pain. Sci Rep. 2022;12(1):21168.
  • Wang Y, Chen Z, Wu Z, et al. Reliability of Foot Posture Index (FPI-6) for evaluating foot posture in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2023;11:1103644.
  • Cain LE, Nicholson LL, Adams RD, et al. Foot morphology and foot/ankle injury in indoor football. J Sci Med Sport. 2007;10(5):311–319.
  • Mishra R, Samuel AJ. Letter to the editor, “reliability of Foot Posture Index individual and total scores for adults and older adults. Musculoskelet Sci Pract. 2018;37:e81.
  • Zuil-Escobar JC, Martínez-Cepa CB, Martín-Urrialde JA, et al. Evaluating the medial longitudinal arch of the foot: correlations, reliability, and accuracy in people with a low arch. Phys Ther. 2019;99(3):364–372.
  • Fraser JJ, Koldenhoven RM, Saliba SA, et al. Reliability of ankle-foot morphology, mobility, strength, and motor performance measures. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2017;12(7):1134–1149.
  • Burns J, Ouvrier R, Estilow T, et al. Symmetry of foot alignment and ankle flexibility in paediatric charcot–marie–tooth disease. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon). 2012;27(7):744–747.
  • Burns J, Ouvrier R, Estilow T, et al. Validation of the Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease pediatric scale as an outcome measure of disability. Ann Neurol. 2012;71(5):642–652.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.