Publication Cover
Stress
The International Journal on the Biology of Stress
Volume 11, 2008 - Issue 1
1,164
Views
51
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original

Neuroendocrine stress responses to an oral academic examination: No strong influence of sex, repeated participation and personality traits

Research Report

, &
Pages 52-61 | Received 18 Dec 2006, Accepted 16 May 2007, Published online: 07 Jul 2009

References

  • Altemus M, Redwine L, Leong YM, et al. Reduced sensitivity to glucocorticoid feedback and reduced glucocorticoid receptor mRNA expression in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Neuropsychopharmacology 1997; 17: 100–109
  • Armario A, Marti O, Molina T, de Pablo J, Valdes M. Acute stress markers in humans: Response of plasma glucose, cortisol and prolactin to two examinations differing in the anxiety they provoke. Psychoneuroendocrinology 1996; 21: 17–24
  • Biondi M, Picardi A. Psychological stress and neuroendocrine function in humans: The last two decades of research. Psychother Psychosom 1999; 68: 114–150
  • Bohnen N, Nicolson N, Sulon J, Jolles J. Coping style, trait anxiety and cortisol reactivity during mental stress. J Psychosom Res 1991; 35: 141–147
  • Bosch JA, Brand HS, Ligtenberg TJ, Bermond B, Hoogstraten J, Nieuw Amerongen AV. Psychological stress as a determinant of protein levels and salivary-induced aggregation of Streptococcus gordonii in human whole saliva. Psychosom Med 1996; 58: 374–382
  • Chatterton RT, Jr., Vogelsong KM, Lu YC, Ellman AB, Hudgens GA. Salivary alpha-amylase as a measure of endogenous adrenergic activity. Clin Physiol 1996; 16: 433–448
  • Cohen J. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillesdale 1988
  • Collins A, Eneroth P, Landgren BM. Psychoneuroendocrine stress responses and mood as related to the menstrual cycle. Psychosom Med 1985; 47: 512–527
  • Costa PT, McCrae RR. Revised NEO personality inventory (NEO-PI-R) and NEO five-factor inventory (NEO-FFI) professional manual. Psychological Assessment Resources, Inc, Odessa, FL 1992
  • Davidson L, Vandongen R, Rouse IL, Beilin LJ, Tunney A. Sex-related differences in resting and stimulated plasma noradrenaline and adrenaline. Clin Sci (Lond) 1984; 67: 347–352
  • de Kloet ER, Joels M, Holsboer F. Stress and the brain: From adaptation to disease. Nat Rev Neurosci 2005; 6: 463–475
  • Dickerson SS, Kemeny ME. Acute stressors and cortisol responses: A theoretical integration and synthesis of laboratory research. Psychol Bull 2004; 130: 355–391
  • Dobrakovova M, Kvetnansky R, Oprsalova Z, Jezova D. Specificity of the effect of repeated handling on sympathetic-adrenomedullary and pituitary–adrenocortical activity in rats. Psychoneuroendocrinology 1993; 18: 163–174
  • Erdfelder E, Faul F, Buchner A. Gpower: A general power analysis program. Behav Res Meth Instr Comp 1996; 28: 1–11
  • Frankenhaeuser M, von Wright MR, Collins A, von Wright J, Sedvall G, Swahn CG. Sex differences in psychoneuroendocrine reactions to examination stress. Psychosom Med 1978; 40: 334–343
  • Gaab J, Sonderegger L, Scherrer S, Ehlert U. Psychoneuroendocrine effects of cognitive-behavioral stress management in a naturalistic setting—a randomized controlled trial. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2006; 31: 428–438
  • Gerra G, Zaimovic A, Mascetti GG, et al. Neuroendocrine responses to experimentally-induced psychological stress in healthy humans. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2001; 26: 91–107
  • Hautzinger M, Bailer M. Allgemeine depressions skala. manual. Beltz Test GmbH, Weinheim 1992
  • Herbert J, Moore GF, de la RC, Watts FN. Endocrine responses and examination anxiety. Biol Psychol 1986; 22: 215–226
  • Het S, Wolf OT. Mood changes in response to psychosocial stress in healthy young women—effects of pretreatment with cortisol. Behav Neurosci 2007; 121: 11–20
  • Het S, Ramlow G, Wolf OT. A meta-analytic review of the effects of acute cortisol administration on human memory. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2005; 30: 771–784
  • Jezova D, Makatsori A, Duncko R, Moncek F, Jakubek M. High trait anxiety in healthy subjects is associated with low neuroendocrine activity during psychosocial stress. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2004; 28: 1331–1336
  • Kajantie E, Phillips DI. The effects of sex and hormonal status on the physiological response to acute psychosocial stress. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2006; 31: 151–178
  • Khaksari M, Mahmoodi M, Rezvani ME, Sajjadi MA, Karam GA, Hajizadeh S. Differences between male and female students in cardiovascular and endocrine responses to examination stress. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2005; 17: 15–19
  • Kirschbaum C, Pirke KM, Hellhammer DH. The “Trier Social Stress Test”—a tool for investigating psychobiological stress responses in a laboratory setting. Neuropsychobiology 1993; 28: 76–81
  • Kirschbaum C, Pirke KM, Hellhammer DH. Preliminary evidence for reduced cortisol responsivity to psychological stress in women using oral contraceptive medication. Psychoneuroendocrinology 1995a; 20: 509–514
  • Kirschbaum C, Prussner JC, Stone AA, et al. Persistent high cortisol responses to repeated psychological stress in a subpopulation of healthy men. Psychosom Med 1995b; 57: 468–474
  • Kirschbaum C, Kudielka BM, Gaab J, Schommer NC, Hellhammer DH. Impact of gender, menstrual cycle phase, and oral contraceptives on the activity of the hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axis. Psychosom Med 1999; 61: 154–162
  • Krampen G. Fragebogen zu kompetenz- und kontrollüberzeugungen (FKK). handanweisung. Hogrefe, Göttingen 1991
  • Kudielka BM, Kirschbaum C. Sex differences in HPA axis responses to stress: A review. Biol Psychol 2005; 69: 113–132
  • Lacey K, Zaharia MD, Griffiths J, Ravindran AV, Merali Z, Anisman H. A prospective study of neuroendocrine and immune alterations associated with the stress of an oral academic examination among graduate students. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2000; 25: 339–356
  • Laux L, Glanzmann P, Schaffner P, Spielberger CD. Das state-trait-angstinventar. Theoretische grundlagen und handanweisung. Beltz Test GmbH, Weinheim 1981
  • LeBlanc J, Ducharme MB, Thompson M. Study on the correlation of the autonomic nervous system responses to a stressor of high discomfort with personality traits. Physiol Behav 2004; 82: 647–652
  • Litschauer B, Zauchner S, Huemer KH, Kafka-Lutzow A. Cardiovascular, endocrine, and receptor measures as related to sex and menstrual cycle phase. Psychosom Med 1998; 60: 219–226
  • Luecken LJ, Suarez EC, Kuhn CM, et al. Stress in employed women: Impact of marital status and children at home on neurohormone output and home strain. Psychosom Med 1997; 59: 352–359
  • Martinek L, Oberascher-Holzinger K, Weishuhn S, Klimesch W, Kerschbaum HH. Anticipated academic examinations induce distinct cortisol responses in adolescent pupils. Neuro Endocrinol Lett 2003; 24: 449–453
  • McEwen BS. Protective and damaging effects of stress mediators. N Engl J Med 1998; 338: 171–179
  • Nater UM, La Marca R, Florin L, et al. Stress-induced changes in human salivary alpha-amylase activity—associations with adrenergic activity. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2006; 31: 49–58
  • Netter P. Psychological aspects of catecholamine response patterns to pain and mental stress in essential hypertensive patients and controls. J Clin Hypertens 1987; 3: 727–742
  • Oswald LM, Zandi P, Nestadt G, Potash JB, Kalaydjian AE, Wand GS. Relationship between cortisol responses to stress and personality. Neuropsychopharmacology 2006; 31: 1583–1591
  • Pruessner JC, Gaab J, Hellhammer DH, Lintz D, Schommer N, Kirschbaum C. Increasing correlations between personality traits and cortisol stress responses obtained by data aggregation. Psychoneuroendocrinology 1997; 22: 615–625
  • Pruessner JC, Baldwin MW, Dedovic K, et al. Self-esteem, locus of control, hippocampal volume, and cortisol regulation in young and old adulthood. Neuroimage 2005; 28: 815–826
  • Radloff LS. The CES-D scale: A self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Appl Psych Meas 1977; 1: 385–401
  • Rohleder N, Nater UM, Wolf JM, Ehlert U, Kirschbaum C. Psychosocial stress-induced activation of salivary alpha-amylase: An indicator of sympathetic activity?. Ann NY Acad Sci 2004; 1032: 258–263
  • Rohleder N, Beulen SE, Chen E, Wolf JM, Kirschbaum C. 2007. Stress on the dance floor: The cortisol stress response to social-evaluative threat in competitive ballroom dancers, p 1–16
  • Roozendaal B, Okuda S, de Quervain DJ, McGaugh JL. Glucocorticoids interact with emotion-induced noradrenergic activation in influencing different memory functions. Neuroscience 2006; 138: 901–910
  • Rosenberg M. Society and adolescent self-image. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ 1965
  • Ross AE, Flaa A, Hoieggen A, Reims H, Eide IK, Kjeldsen SE. Gender specific sympathetic and hemorrheological responses to mental stress in healthy young subjects. Scand Cardiovasc J 2001; 35: 307–312
  • Schommer NC, Kudielka BM, Hellhammer DH, Kirschbaum C. No evidence for a close relationship between personality traits and circadian cortisol rhythm or a single cortisol stress response. Psychol Rep 1999; 84: 840–842
  • Schommer NC, Hellhammer DH, Kirschbaum C. Dissociation between reactivity of the hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axis and the sympathetic-adrenal-medullary system to repeated psychosocial stress. Psychosom Med 2003; 65: 450–460
  • Sita A, Miller SB. Estradiol, progesterone and cardiovascular response to stress. Psychoneuroendocrinology 1996; 21: 339–346
  • Soravia LM, Heinrichs M, Aerni A, et al. Glucocorticoids reduce phobic fear in humans. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2006; 103: 5585–5590
  • Spangler G. Psychological and physiological responses during an exam and their relation to personality characteristics. Psychoneuroendocrinology 1997; 22: 423–441
  • Spielberger CD, Gorsuch RL, Lushene RE. Test manual for the state-trait anxiety inventory. Consulting Psychologists Press, Palo Alto, California 1970
  • Stoney CM, Matthews KA, McDonald RH, Johnson CA. Sex differences in lipid, lipoprotein, cardiovascular, and neuroendocrine responses to acute stress. Psychophysiology 1988; 25: 645–656
  • Stoney CM, Owens JF, Matthews KA, Davis MC, Caggiula A. Influences of the normal menstrual cycle on physiologic functioning during behavioral stress. Psychophysiology 1990; 27: 125–135
  • Stowell JR. Use and abuse of academic examinations in stress research. Psychosom Med 2003; 65: 1055–1057
  • Traustadottir T, Bosch PR, Matt KS. Gender differences in cardiovascular and hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis responses to psychological stress in healthy older adult men and women. Stress 2003; 6: 133–140
  • van Doornen LJ, van Blokland R. Serum-cholesterol: Sex specific psychological correlates during rest and stress. J Psychosom Res 1987; 31: 239–249
  • van Doornen LJ, van Blokland RW. The relation of type A behavior and vital exhaustion with physiological reactions to real life stress. J Psychosom Res 1989; 33: 715–725
  • van Eck MM, Nicolson NA, Berkhof H, Sulon J. Individual differences in cortisol responses to a laboratory speech task and their relationship to responses to stressful daily events. Biol Psychol 1996; 43: 69–84
  • van Stegeren A, Rohleder N, Everaerd W, Wolf OT. Salivary alpha amylase as marker for adrenergic activity during stress: Effect of betablockade. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2006; 31: 137–141
  • Vedhara K, Hyde J, Gilchrist ID, Tytherleigh M, Plummer S. Acute stress, memory, attention and cortisol. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2000; 25: 535–549
  • Weekes N, Lewis R, Patel F, Garrison-Jakel J, Berger DE, Lupien SJ. Examination stress as an ecological inducer of cortisol and psychological responses to stress in undergraduate students. Stress 2006; 9: 199–206
  • Wiegratz I, Jung-Hoffmann C, Kuhl H. Effect of two oral contraceptives containing ethinylestradiol and gestodene or norgestimate upon androgen parameters and serum binding proteins. Contraception 1995; 51: 341–346
  • Wolf OT. Effects of stress hormones on the structure and function of the human brain. Expet Rev Endocrinol Metabol 2006; 1: 623–632

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.