References
- Goffman E. Stigma: Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity. Penguin Books, London 1963
- Scambler G. Stigma and disease: changing paradigms. Lancet 1998; 352: 1054–1055
- El-Badri SM, Bhamjee M. The downside of stereotyping. Irish Medical News 1996; 13: 22
- Corrigan PW, Watson AC. Understanding the impact of stigma on people with mental illness. World Psychiatry 2002; 1: 16–20
- Wright ER, Gronfein WP, Owens TJ. Deinstitutionalisation, social rejection and the self-esteem of former mental patients. Journal of Health and Social Behaviour 2000; 41: 68–90
- Link BG, Mirotzink J, Cullen FT. The effectiveness of stigma coping orientations: can negative consequences of mental illness labeling be avoided?. Journal of Health and Social Behaviour 1991; 32: 302–320
- Rosenfield S. Labelling mental illness: the effects of received services and perceived stigma on life satisfaction. American Sociological Review 1997; 62: 660–672
- Stuart H, Sartorius N. Fighting stigma and discrimination because of mental disorders. Advances in Psychiatry, GN Christodoulou. World Psychiatric Association. 2005; 79–86
- Bhugra D. Attitudes towards mental illness: a review of the literature. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 1989; 80: 1–12
- Jorm AF, Korten AE, Jacomb PA, Christensen H, Henderson S. Attitudes towards people with a mental disorder: a survey of the Australian public and health professionals. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 1999; 33: 77–83
- Crisp AH, Gelder MG, Rix S, Meltzer HI, Rowlands OJ. Stigmatisation of people with mental illnesses. British Journal of Psychiatry 2000; 177: 4–7
- Wahl OF. Mental health consumers’ experience of stigma. Schizophrenia Bulletin 1999; 25: 467–478
- Dinos S, Stevens S, Serfaty M, Weich S, King M. Stigma: the feelings and experiences of 46 people with mental illness. British Journal of Psychiatry 2004; 184: 176–181
- Skantze K, Malm U. A new approach to facilitation of working alliances based on patients’ quality of life goals. Nordic Journal of Psychiatry 1994; 48: 37–47
- Link BG, Phelan JC, Bresnaham M, Stueve A, Pescosolido BA. Public conceptions of mental illness: labels, causes, dangerousness and social distance. American Journal of Public Health 1999; 89: 1328–1333
- Byrne P. Psychiatric stigma: past, passing and to come. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 1997; 90: 618–620
- Ritchie CW, Hayes D, Ames DJ. Patient or client? The opinions of people attending a psychiatric clinic. Psychiatric Bulletin 2000; 24: 447–450
- Durie M. Maori health perspectives. Maori Health Development, M Durie. Oxford University Press, Auckland 1994; 67–81
- Barry MM, Zissi A. Quality of life as an outcome measure in evaluating mental health services: a review of the empirical evidence. Journal of Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 1997; 32: 38–47
- Markowitz F. The effects of stigma on the psychological well-being and life satisfaction of persons with mental illness. Journal of Health and Social Behaviour 1998; 39: 335–347