38
Views
15
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Hidden Aberrations Diagnosed by Interphase Fluorescence In Situ Hybridisation and Spectral Karyotyping in Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia

Pages 2039-2053 | Published online: 05 Aug 2011

References

  • Borkhardt, A., Harbott, J. and Lampert, F. (1999) "Biology and clinical significance of the TELJAMLI rearrangement", Current Opinion in Pediatrics 11, 33–38.
  • Carter, T.L., Watt, P.M., Kumar, R., Button, P.R., Reaman, GE, Sather, H.N., Baker, D.L. and Kees, U.R. (2001) "Hemizygous p16(INK4A) deletion in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia predicts independent risk of relapse", Blood 97, 572–574.
  • Heerema, NA., Nachman, J.B., Sather, H.N., Sensel, M.G.. Lee, M.K., Hutchinson, R., Lange, B.J., Steinherz, P.G., Bostrom, B., Gaynon, P.S. and Uckun, F. (1999) "Hypodiploidy with less than 45 chromosomes confers adverse risk in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a report from the children's cancer group", Blood 94, 4036–4045.
  • Heerema, NA., Sather, H.N., Ge, J., Arthur, D.C., Hilden, J.M., Trigg, M.E. and Reaman. G.H. (1999) "Cytogenetic studies of infant acute lymphoblastic leukemia: poor prognosis of infants with t(4;11)—a report of the Children's Cancer Group". Leukemia 13, 679–686.
  • Heerema, N.A., Sather, H.N., Sensel, M.G., Zhang, T., Hutchinson, R.J., Nachman, J.B., Lange, B.J., Steinherz, P.G., Bostrom, B.C., Reaman, G.H., Gaynon, P.S. and Uckun, F.M. (2000) "Prognostic impact of trisomies of chromosomes 10, 17, and 5 among children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and high hyperdiploidy (>50 chromosomes)", Journal of Clinical Onco-logy 18, 1876–1887.
  • Johansson, B., Moorman, A.V., Haas, 0.A., Watmore, A.E., Cheung, Kt., Swanton, S. and Secker-Walker, L.M. (1998) "Hematologic malignancies with t(4;11)(q21;q23)—a cytogenetic, morphologic, immunophenotypic and clinical study of 183 cases. European 11q23 Workshop participants", Leukemia 12, 779–787.
  • Uckun, RM., Nachman, J.B., Sather, H.N., Sensel, M.G., Kraft. P., Steinherz, PG., Lange, B., Hutchinson, R., Reaman, G14., Gaynon, P.S. and Heerema, N.A. (1998) "Clinical significance of Philadelphia chromosome positive pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia in the context of contemporary intensive therapies: a report from the Children's Cancer Group", Cancer 83, 2030–2039.
  • Vagner-Capodano, A.M., Michel, G., Maraninchi, D., Tubiana, N., Gouzien, M., Perrimond, H. and Carcassonne, Y. (1998) "Poor prognosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with translocation (1:19) in childhood: potential interest of all ogeneic bone marrow transplantation", Anna/es de Genetique 31, 53–56.
  • Greaves, M. (1999) "Molecular genetics, natural history and the demise of childhood leukaemia", European Journal of Cancer 35, 173–185.
  • Biondi, A. and Masera, G. (1998) "Molecular pathogenesis of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia". Haematologica 83, 651–659.
  • Ameye, G., Jacquy, C., Zenebergh, A., Stul, M., Vaerman, J.L., Bilhou-Nabera, C., Libouton, J.M., Deneys, V., Martial, P., Hagemeijer, A., Comu, G., Verellen-Dumoulin, C. and Michaux, L. (2000) "The value of interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization for the detection of translocation t(12;21) in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia", Annals of Hematology 79, 259–268.
  • Ballerini, P., Landman Parker, J., Laurendeau, I., Olivi, M., Vidaud, M., Adam, M., Leverger, G., Gerota, I., Cayre, YE. and Bieche, I. (2000) "Quantitative analysis of TELZAMLI fusion transcripts by real-time RT-PCR assay in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia-. Leukemia 14, 1526–1528.
  • Cerveira, N.. Ferreira, S., Doria, S., Veiga, I„ Ferreira, F., Mariz, J.M., Marques, M. and Castedo, S. (2000) "Detection of prognostic significant translocations in childhood acute lympho-blastic leukaemia by one-step multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction", British Journal of Haematology 109, 638–640.
  • Nakamura, M., Sugita, K., Inukai. T., Goi, K., Iijima, K., Tezuka, T., Kojika, S., Shiraishi, K., Miyamoto, N., Karakida, N., Kagami, K., T, O.K., Mori, T and Nakazawa, S. (1999) -p16/MTS1/INK4A gene is frequently inactivated by hypennethylarion in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia with 1Iq23 translocation", Leuke-mia 13, 884–890.
  • Velar-Ian. T.. Vignon, C., Schrock, E., Rowley, J.D. and Ried, T. (1997) "Hidden chromosome abnormalities in haematological malignancies detected by multicolour spectral karyotyping", Nature Genetics 15, 406–410.
  • Wong, N., Chen, S.J., Cao, Q., Su, X.Y., Niu, C.. Wu, Q.W., Leung, T.W., Wickham, N., Johnson, P.J. and Chen, Z. (1998) "Detection of chromosome over- and underrepresentations in hyperctiploid acute lymphoblastic leukemia by comparative genomic hybridi-zation", Cancer Genetics and Cytogenetics 103, 20–24.
  • Moos, P.J., Raetz, E.A., Carlson, M.A., Szabo, A.. Smith, F.E., Willman. C.. Wei, Q.. Hunger, S.P. and Carroll, W.L. (2002) "Identification of gene expression profiles that segregate patients with childhood leukemia", Clinical Cancer Research 8, 3118–3130.
  • Yeah, E.J., Ross, ME., Shurtleff, S.A., Williams, W.K., Patel, D.. Malifouz, R.. Behm, F.G., Raimondi, S.C.. Relling, M.V„ Patel, A., Cheng, C., Campana, D., Wilkins, D., Zhou, X., Li, J., Liu, H., PM, C.H., Evans, W.E., Naeve, C., Wong, L. and Downing, J.R. (2002) "Classification, subtype discovery, and prediction of outcome in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia by gene expression profiling", Cancer Cell 1, 109–110.
  • Nowell, P.C. and Hungerford, D.A. (1960) "A minute chromosome in human chronic granulocytic leukemia", Science 132, 1497.
  • Casperson, T., Zech, L. and Johansson, C. (1970) "Differential binding of alkylating fluorochromes in human chromosomes", Experimental Cell Research 60, 315–319.
  • Rowley. J.D. (1973) "Letter: a new consistent chromosomal abnormality in chronic myelogenous leukaemia identified by quinacrine fluorescence and Giemsa staining", Nature 243, 290–293.
  • Rudkin, G.T. and StoIlar, B.D. (1977) "High resolution detection of DNA-RNA hybrids in situ by indirect immunofluorescence". Nature 265, 472–473.
  • Kallioniemi. A.. Kallionierni, 0.P., Sudar, D., Rutovitz, D., Gray, J.W., Waldman, R and Pinkel, D. (1992) "Comparative generaie hybridization for molecular cytogenetic analysis of solid tumors", Science 258, 818–821.
  • Speicher, M.R., Gwyn Ballard, S. and Ward, D.C. (1996) "Karyotyping human chromosomes by combinatorial multi-fluor FISH", Nature Genetics 12, 368–375.
  • SchrOck, E., du Manoir, S., Veldman, T„ Schoell, B., Wienberg, J.. Ferguson-Smith, M.A., Ning, Y., Ledbetter, D.1-t., Bar-Am, I., Soenksen, D., Garini, Y. and Ried, T. (1996) "Multicolor spectral karyotyping of human chromosomes". Science 273, 494–497.
  • Gustafsson, G., Kreuger, A._ Clausen, N., Garwicz, S., Kristinsson. J., Lie, SO., Moe, P.J., Perkkio, M., Yssing, M. and Saarinen, P.U. (1998) "Intensified treatment of acute childhood lymphoblastic leukaemia has improved prognosis, especially in non-high-risk patients: the Nordic experience of 2648 patients diagnosed between 1981 and 1996. Nordic Society of Paediatric Haemato-logy and Oncology (NOPHO)", Act Paediatrica 87, 1151–1161.
  • Schultz. K.R. Massing. B., Spinelli. J.J.. Gaynon. P.S. and Wadsworth, L. (1997) "Importance of the day 7 bone marrow biopsy as a prognostic measure of the outcome in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia". Medical and Pediatric Oncology 29, 16–22.
  • Sandlund, LT., Harrison, EL., Rivera, G., Behm, E.G., Head, D., Boyett, J., Rubnitz, J.E., Gajjar, A., Raimondi, S.. Riberio, R., Hudson, M., Relling, M.. Evans, W. and Pui, C.H. (2002) "Persistence of lyinphoblasts in bone marrow on day 15 and days 22 to 25 of remission induction predicts a dismal treatment outcome in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia", Blood 100, 43–47. f29] Hoelzer, D. (1992) "Prognostic factors in acute lymphoblastic leukemia", Leukemia 6, 49–51,
  • Rivera, G.K., Pinkel, D., Simone, J.V., Hancock, M.L. and Crist, W.M. (1993) "Treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. 30 years' experience at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital", New England Journal of Medicine 329, 1289–1295.
  • Crist, W., Boyar, J., Pullen, J., van Eys, J. and Vietti, T. (1986) "Clinical and biologic features predict poor prognosis in acute lymphoid leukemias in children and adolescents: a Pediatric Oncology Group review", Medical and Pediatric Oncology 14, 135–139.
  • van Dongen, J.J., Seriu, T., Panzer-Grumayer, ER., Biondi, A., Pongers-Willemse, M.J., Corral, L.. Stolz, F., Schrappe, M.. Masera, G., !Camps, W.A., Gadner, H., van Wering, E.R., Ludwig, W.D., Basso, G., de Bruijn, M.A., Cazzaniga, G., Hettinger, K., van der Does-van den Berg, A., Hop, W.C., Riehm, H. and Bartram, C.R. (1998) "Prognostic value of minimal residual disease in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in childhood-, Lancet 352, 1731–1738.
  • Kanerva, J., Vettenranta, K.. Autio, K„ Knuutila, S. and Saarinen-Pihkala, U.M. (2001) "Minimal residual disease by metaphase FISH in children with ALL: clonal cells during or after chemotherapy may not predict relapse", Leukemia Research 26, 545–550.
  • Coustan-Smith, E., Sancho, J., Hancock, M.L., Razzouk. B.I., Ribeire, R.C., Rivera, O.K., Rubnitz, J.E., Sandlund, J.T., Pal, C.H. and Campana, D. (2002) "Use of peripheral blood instead of bone marrow to monitor residual disease in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia", Blood l; 100, 2399–2402.
  • Chessells. J.M., Richards, SM., Bailey. C.C., Lilleyman, J.S. and Eden, O.B. (1995) "Gender and treatment outcome in childhood lymphoblastic leukaemia: report from the MRC UKALL trials", British Journal of Haematology 89. 364–372.
  • Steinherz, PG., Siegel, SE., Bleyer, W.A., Kersey, J.. Chard, R., Coccia. P., Leikin, S., Lukens, J., Neerhout, R., Nesbit, M., et al. (1991) "Lymphomatous presentation of childhood acute lympho-blastic leukemia_ A subgroup at high risk of early treatment failure", Cancer 68, 751–758.
  • Chessels, J.M., Swansbury, G.J„ Reeves, B., Bailey. CC. and Richards, S.M. (1997) "Cytogenetics and prognosis in childhood lymphoblastic leukemia: results of MRC UKALL X. Medical Research Council Working Party in Childhood Leukaemia", British Journal of Haematology 99, 93–100.
  • Forestier, E., Johansson, B., Borgstrom, G., Kemdrup. G., Johansson, J. and Heim, S. (2000) "Cytogenetic findings in a population-based series of 787 childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemias from the Nordic countries. The NOPHO Leukemia Cytogenetic Study Group", European Journal of Haematology 64, 194–200.
  • Heerema, N.A., Sather, H.N., Sensel, M.G.,Liu-Mares, W., Lange, B.J., Bostrom, B.C., Nachman, J.B., Steinherz, PG., Hutchinson, R., Gaynon, P.S., Arthur, D.C. and Uckun, F.M. (1999) "Association of chromosome arm 9p abnormalities with adverse risk in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a report from the Children's Cancer Group", Blood 94, 1537–1544.
  • Ma. S.K., Wan, T.S. and Chan, L.C. (1999) "Cytogenetics and molecular genetics of childhood leukemia", Hematological Oncology 17, 91–105.
  • Kearney, L. (2001) "Molecular cytogenetics", Best Practice Research and Clinical Haematology 14, 645–669.
  • Harrison, C.J. and Foroni, L. (2002) "Cytogenetics and molecular genetics of acute lymphoblastic leukemia-, Reviews in Clinical and Experimental Hematology 2, 91–113.
  • Chen, Z.. Morgan, R., Stone, J.F. and Sandberg, A.A. (1993) "FISH: a useful technique in the verification of random chromosome abnormalities", Cancer Genetics and Cgogenetics 66, 73–74.
  • Kasprzyk. A., Mehta, A.B. and Secker-Walker, L.M. (1995) "Single-cell trisomy in hematologic malignancy. Random change or tip of the iceberg?", Cancer Genetics and Cytogenetics 85, 37–42.
  • Garini. Y.. Macville, M., du Manoir, S., Buckwald, R.A., Lavi, M„ Katzir, N., Wine, D„ Bar-Am, I., Schräck, E., Cabib, D. and Ried, T. (1996) "Spectral karyotyping", Bioimaging, 65–72.
  • Fan. Y.S., Sin, V.M.. Jung, J.H. and Xu, J. (2000) "Sensitivity of multiple color spectral karyotyping in detecting small inter-chromosomal rearrangements", Genetic Testing 4, 9–14.
  • Elghezal, H., Le Guyader, G., Radford-Weiss, I., Perot, C., Van Den Akker, J., Eydoux, P., Vekemans, M. and Romana, S.P. (2001) "Reassessment of childhood B-lineage lymphoblastic leukemia karyotypes using spectral analysis", Genes Chromo-somes & Cancer 30, 383–392.
  • Lee, C., Gisselsson, D., Jin, C., Nordgren, A., Ferguson, D.O., Fletcher, 1.A. and Morton. C.C. (2001) "Recurrent problems with chromosome classification by multicolor karyotyping", American Journal of Human Genetics 68, 1043–1047.
  • Harrison, C.J., Gobbons, B., Yang, F., Butler, T., Cheung, K.L., Kearney, L., Dirsched, L., Bray-Ward, P., Gregson, M. and Ferguson-Smith. M. (1999) "Multiplex fluorescence in situ hybridization and cross species color banding of a case of chronic myeloid leukemia in blastic crisis with a complex Philadelphia translocation-, Cancer Genetics and Cytogenetics 116, 105–110.
  • Pui, C.H. and Crist. W.M. (1992) "Cytogenetic abnormalities in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia correlates with clinical features and treatment outcome", Leukemia and Lymphoma 7, 259–274.
  • Martinez-Ramirez, A., Urioste, M., Contra, T., Cantalejo, A., Tavares, A., Porter°. J.A., Lopez-Ibor, B, Bemacer, M., Soto, C., Cigudosa, J.C. and Benitez, J. (2001) "Fluorescence in situ hybridization study of 'TEL/AMLI fusion and other abnormalities involving TEL and AML1 genes. Correlation with cytogenetic findings and prognostic value in children with acute lymphocytic leukemia", Haematologica 86, 1245–1253.
  • Forestier, E., Gustafsson, G., von, H.A., Heim, S., HerneII, 0., Mite!man, F.. Nordenson, I., Swolin, B. and Soderhall, S. (1997) "Prognostic impact of bone marrow karyotype in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: Swedish experiences 1986-91", Acta Paediatrica 86, 819–825.
  • Kaspers, G.J., Smets, L.A., Pieters, R., Van, Z.C., Van, W.E. and Veerman,(1995) "Favorable prognosis of hyperdiploidcommon acute lymphoblastic leukemia may be explained by sensitivity to antimetabolites and other drugs: results of an in vitro study", Blood 85, 751–756.
  • Behm, P.O.. Raimondi, S.C., Schell, MJ., Look. AT., Rivera, G.K. and Pui, C.H. (1992) "Lack of CD45 antigen on blast cells in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia is associated with chromosomal hyperdiploidy and other favorable prognostic features", Blood 79, 1011–1016.
  • Panzer-Grumayer, E.R., Fasching, K., Panzer, S., Hettinger, K., Schmitt, K., Stockler-Ipsiroglu, S. and Hass, O.A. (2002) "Nondisjunction of chromosomes leading to hyperdiploid child-hood B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia is an early event during leukernogenesis", Blood 100, 347–349.
  • Pui, C.H. (1995) "Childhood leukemias". New England Journal of Medicine 332, 1618–1630.
  • Harris, M.B., Shuster, J.J.. Carroll, A„ Look, A.T., Borowitz, M.J., Crist, W.M., Nitschke, R., Pullen, J.. Steuber, C.P. and Land, VI (1992) "Trisomy of leukemic cell chromosomes 4 and 10 identifies children with B-progenitor cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia with a very low risk of treatment failure: a pediatric oncology group study", Blood 79, 3316–3324.
  • Jackson, J.F., Boyett, J., Pullen, J., Brock. B.. Patterson, R,, Land, V, Borowitz, M., Head, D. and Crist, W. (1990) "Favorable prognosis associated with hyperdiploidy in children with acute lymphocytic leukemia correlates with extra chromosome 6. A Pediatric Oncology Group study", Cancer 66, 1183–1189.
  • Nordgren, A„ Farnebo, E, Johansson. B., Holingren, G., Forestier, E., Larsson, C., Soderhall, S., Nordenskjold, M. and Blennow, E. (2001) -Identification of numerical and structural chromosome aberrations in 15 high hyperdiploid childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemias using spectral karyotyping", European Journal of Haematology 66, 297–304.
  • Moorman, A.V., Clark. R., Farrell, D.M., Hawkins, J.M., Martineau, M. and Seeker, W.L. (1996) "Probes for hidden hyperdiploidy in acute lymphoblastic leukemia", Genes Chromo-somes it Cancer 16, 40–45.
  • Ritterbach, J., Hiddemann, W., Beck, J.D., Schrappe, M., Janka-Schaub. G., Ludwig, W.D., Harbott, J. and Lampert, F. (1998) "Detection of hyperdiploid karyotypes (>50 chromo-somes) in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)", Leukemia 12, 427–433.
  • Heinonen, K., Mahlamaki, E., Riikonen, P., Meltaranta, R.L.. Rahiala, J. and Perkkio, M. (1999) "Acquired X-chromosome aneuploidy in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia", Medical and Pediatric Oncology 32, 360–365.
  • White, D.M., Crolla, J.A. and Ross, F.M. (1995) "Detection of minimal residual disease in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia using fluorescence in-situ hybridization", British Journal of Haematology 91, 1019–1024.
  • Harrison, C.J. (2001) "Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia", Best Practice and Research Clinical Haematology 14, 593–607.
  • Nordgren, A., Schoumans, J., Soderhall, S., Nordenskjold, M. and Blennow, E. (2001) "Interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization and spectral karyotyping reveals hidden genetic aberrations in children with acute lymphoblastic and a normal banded karyotype", British Journal of Haetnatology 114, 786–793.
  • Stark, B., Jeison, M., Gobuzov, R., Krug, H., Glaser-Gabay, L., Luria, D., El-Hasid, R., Harush, AB., Avraharni, G., Fisher, S., Stein, J., Zaizov, R. and Yaniv, I. (2001) "Near haploid childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia masked by hyperdiploid line: detection by fluorescence in situ hybridization", Cancer Genetics and Cytogenetics 15; 128, 108–113.
  • Raimondi, S.C., Roberson. P.K., Pui, C.H., Behm, F.G. and Rivera, G.K. (1992) "Hyperdiploid (47–50) acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children", Blood 79. 3245–3252.
  • Pajor, L., Szuhai, K., Mehes, G., Kosztolanyi, G.. Jakso, P., Lendvai, G., Szanyi, I. and Kajtar, P. (1998) "Combined metaphase, interphase cytogenetic, and flow cytometric analysis of DNA content of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia", Cytometry 34, 87–94.
  • Suryanarayan, K., Hunger, S.P., Kohler, S., Carroll, A.J., Crist, W., Link, M.P. and Cleary, M.L. (1991) "Consistent involvement of the BCR gene by 9;22 breakpoints in pediatric acute leukemia", Blood 77, 324–330.
  • Afar. D.E., McLaughlin, J., Sherr, CJ., Witte, O.N. and Roussel, M.F. (1995) "Signaling by ABL oncogenes through cycIin DI'', Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 92, 9540–9544.
  • Fletcher, LA., Lynch, E.A., Kimball, V.M., Donnelly, M.. Tantravahi, R. and Sallan, S.E. (1991) "Translocation (9;22) is associated with extremely poor prognosis in intensively treated children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia", Blood 77, 435–439.
  • Goga, A,, McLaughlin, J., Afar, D.E., Saffran, D.C. and Witte, ON. (1995) "Alternative signals to RAS for hematopoietic transformation by the BCR-ABL oncogene", Cell 82, 981–988.
  • Arico, M., Valsecchi, M.G., Camilla, B., Schrappe, M., Chessells, J., Baruchel, A., Gaynon, P., Silverman, L., Janka-Schaub. G., Kamps, W., Pui. C.H. and Masera, G. (2000) "Outcome of treatment in children with Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia". New England Journal of Medicine 342, 998–1006.
  • Uckun, EM., Nachman, J.B., Sather, RN., Sensel, M.G., Kraft, P.. Steinherz, P.O., Lange, B., Hutchinson, R., Reaman, G.H„ Gaynon, P.S. and Heerema, NA. (1999) "Poor treatment outcome of Philadelphia chromosome-positive pediatric acute lympho-blastic leukemia despite intensive chemotherapy", Leukemia and Lymphoma 33, 101–106.
  • Schindler, T,, Bornamann, W., Pellicena, P.. Miller, W.T., Clarkson, B. and Kuriyan, J. (2000) "Structural mechanism for STI-571 inhibition of abelson tyrosine kinase", Science 289, 1938–1942.
  • Cilloni, D., Guerrasio, A., Giugliano, E., Scaravaglio, P., Volpe, G., Rege-Cambrin, G. and Saglio, G. (2002) "From genes to therapy: the case of Philadelphia chromosome-positive leuke-mias", Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 963, 306–312.
  • Kolomietz. E., Al-Maglirabi, J., Brennan, S„ Karaskova, J., Minkin, S., Lipton, J. and Squire_ J.A. (2001) "Primary chromosomal rearrangements of leukemia are frequently accompanied by extensive submicroscopic deletions and may lead to altered prognosis", Blood 97, 3581–3588.
  • Reid, A.G., Huntly. B.J., Hennig, E., Niederwieser, D., Campbell, Li., Bown, N., Telford, N., Walker, H., Grace, C.D., Deininger, M.W., Green, A.R. and Nacheva, E.P. (2002) "Deletions of the derivative chromosome 9 do not account for the poor prognosis associated with Philadelphia-positive acute lymphoblastic leuke-mia", Blood 99, 2274–2275.
  • Harrison, C.J., Cuneo, A., Clark, R., Johansson, B., Lafage-Pochitaloff, M., Mugneret. F., Moorman, A.V. and Secker-Walker, L.M. (1998) "Ten novel 1 Iq23 chromosomal partner sites. European 11q23 Workshop participants", Leukemia 12, 811–822.
  • Secker-Walker, L.M. (1998) 'General Report on the European Union Concerted Action Workshop on 1 1q23, London, UK, May 1997", Leukemia 12, 776–778.
  • Rowley, J.D. (2000) "Molecular genetics in acute Leukemia". Leukemia 14, 513–517.
  • Huret, IL., Dessen, P. and Bernheim, A. (2001) "An atlas of chromosomes in hematological malignancies. Example: 11q23 and MILL partners", Leukemia 15. 987–989.
  • Johansson, B., Moorman, A.V. and Seeker-Walker, L.M. (1998) "Derivative chromosomes of I 1q23-translocations in hematologic maliganancies. European 11q23 Workshop participants", Leuke-mia 12, 828–833.
  • Rubnitz, I.E., Cantina, B.M., Mahmoud, H., Raimondi, S.C., Carroll, A.J., Borowitz, Mi., Shuster, J.J., Link, M.E. Pullen, 0_1, Downing, IR., Behm, F.G. and Pui, C.H. (1999) "Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia with the MLL-ENL fusion and t(11;19)(q23;p13.3) translocation"„Iournal of Clinical Oncology 17, 191–196.
  • Lampert, F., Harbott, J. and Ritterbach, J. (1992) "Cytogenetic findings in acute leukaemias of infants", British Journal of Cancer Supplement.
  • Borkhardt, A., Wachter, C., Viehmann, S., Pils, S., Teigler-Schlegel, A., Stanulla, M., Zimmermann, M., Ludwig, W.D., Janka-Schaub, G., Schrappe, M. and Harbott, 1. (2002) "Infant acute lymphoblastic leukemia—combined cytogenetic, immunophenotypical and molecular analysis of 77 cases", Leukemia 16. 1685–1690.
  • Chessells, J.M.. Harrison, C.L. Kempski, H., Webb, D.K., Wheatley, K., Hann, I.M., Stevens, R.F., Harrison, G. and Gibson, B.E. (2002) "Clinical features, cytogenetics and outcome in acute lymphoblastic and myeloid leukaemia of infancy: report from the MRC Childhood Leukaemia working party", Leukemia 16. 776–784.
  • Pui, C.H., Gaynon, P.S., Boyett, J.M., Chessells, J.M., Baruchel, A., Kamps, W., Silverman, L.B., Biondi, A., Harms, D.O., Vilmer, Schrappe, M. and Camitta, B. (2002) "Outcome of treatment in childhood acute Iyrnphoblastic leukaemia with rearrangements of the 11q23 chromosomal region", Lancet 1; 359, 1873–1874.
  • Gill Super, H.J., Rothberg, PG., Kobayashi, H., Freeman, A.I., Diaz, M.O. and Rowley, J.D. (1994) "Clonal, nonconstitutional rearrangements of the MILL gene in infant twins with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: in 'item chromosome rearrangement of 11q23", Blood 83, 641–644.
  • Greaves, M. (2002) "Childhood leukaemia", British Medical Journal 324, 283–287.
  • Konig, M., Reichel, M., Marschalek, R., Haas, O.A. and Strehl, S. (2002) "A highly specific and sensitive fluorescence in situ hybridization assay for the detection of t(4;11)(q21;q23) and concurrent submicroscopic deletions in acute leukaernias", British Journal of Haematology 116, 758–764.
  • Secker-Walker, L.M., Berger, R., Fenaux, P., Lai, J.L., Nelken, B., Garson, M„ Michael, P.M,, Hagemeijer, A., Harrison, CJ., Kaneko, Y., et al. (1992) "Prognostic significance of the balanced 01;19) and unbalanced der(19)t(1;19) translocations in acute lymphoblastic leukemia". Leukemic' 6, 363–369.
  • Sharma, P., Watson, N., Sartor, M., McCowage, G. and Smith, A. (2001) "Fifteen cases of t(1;19)(q23;p13.3) identified in an Australian series of 122 children and 80 adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia", Cancer Genetics and Cytogenetics 124, 132–136,
  • Bartolo, C. and Viswanatha, D.S. (2000) "Molecular diagnosis in pediatric acute leukemias", Clinical and Laboratory Medicine 20. 139–182.
  • Hunger, S.P., Fall, M.Z., Camitta, B.M., Carroll, A.J., Link, M.P., Lauer, S.J., Mahoney, D.H., Pullen, DI., Shuster, J.J., Steuber, CP. and Cleary, M.L. (1998) "E2A-PBX1 chimeric transcript status end of consolidation is not predictive of treatment outcome in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemias with a t(1;19)(q23;p13): a Pediatric Oncology Group study", Blood 91, 1021–1028.
  • Heerema, N.A., Sather, H.N.. Sense', M.G., Lee, M.K, Hutchinson, R., Nachman, J.B., Lange, B.J., Steinherz, P.G., Bostrom. B.. Gaynon, P.S. and Uckun, F.M. (2000) "Prognostic significance of cytogenetic abnormalities of chromosome arm 12p in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a report from the Children's Cancer Group", Cancer 88, 1945–1954.
  • O'Connor, HE., Butler, T.A., Clark, R., Swanton, S., Harrison, C.J., Seeker-Walker, L.M. and Foroni, L. (1998) "Abnormalities of the ETV6 gene occur in the majority of patients with aberrations of the short arm of chromosome 12: a combined PCR and Southern blotting analysis". Leukemia 12, 1099–1106.
  • Stao, Y., Sato, Y., Smith, S.D., Rowdy, J.D. and Bohlander. S.K. (1997) "A 1(6;12)(q23;p13) results in the fusion of ETV6 to a novel gene, STL, in a B-cell ALL cell line", Genes Chromosomes and Cancer 18, 254–268.
  • Romana,Mauchauffe, M., Le, C.M., Chumakov, I., Le, P.D.,Berger, R. and Bernard, O.A. (1995) "The 412;21) of acute lymphoblastic leukemia results in a TEL-AMLI gene fusion", Blood 85, 3662–3670.
  • Golub, T.R., Barker, G.F., Bohlander, S.K., Hiebert, S.W., Ward, D.C., Bray-Ward, P., Morgan, E., Raimondi, S.C., Rowley, J.D. and Gilliland, D.G. (1995) "Fusion of the TEL gene on 12p13 to the AML1 gene on 21q22 in acute lymphoblastic leukemia", Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 92, 4917–4921.
  • Mathew, S., Shurtleff, S.A. and Raimondi, S.C. (2001) "Novel cryptic, complex rearrangements involving ETV6-CBFA2 (TEL-AML1) genes identified by fluorescence in situ hybridization in pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia", Genes Chromosomes & Cancer 32, 188–193,
  • Van Limbergen, H., Beverloo, H.B., van Drunen, E.. Janssens. A.. Hablen, K., Poppe, B., Van Roy, N., Marynen, P., De Paepe, A., Slater, R. and Speleman, F. (2001) "Molecular cytogenetic and clinical findings in ETV6/ABL1-positive leukemia", Genes Chromosomes & Cancer 30, 274–282.
  • Loh, M.L., Silverman, L.B., Young, AL., Neuberg, D., Golub, T.R., Sallan, SE. and Gilliland, D.C. (1998) "Incidence of TEL/AML1 fusion in children with relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia", Blood 92. 4792–4797.
  • Rubnitz, J.E., Behm, F.G., Wichlan, D., Ryan, C., Sandlund. J.T., Ribeiro, R.C., Rivera, G.K., Hancock, M.L., Relling, M.V., Evans, W.E.,Pui, C.H. and Downing, J.R. (1999) "Low frequency of TEL-AMLI in relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia supports a favorable prognosis for this genetic subgroup", Leukemia 13, 19–21.
  • Zuna, J., Hrusak, 0., Kalinova, M., Muzikova, K., Stary, I. and Trka, J. (1999) "Significantly lower relapse rate for TEL/AMLI-positive ALL", Leukemia 13. 1633.
  • Kempski, H., Chalker, J., Chessells, j., Start, N„ Brickell, P. Webb, J., Clink, J.M. and Reeves, B. (1999) "An investigation of the 1(12;21) rearrangement in children with B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemia using cytogenetic and molecular methods", British Journal of Haematology 105, 684–689.
  • Seeger, K., Buchwald, Ti., Peter, A., Taube, T., von Stackelberg, A., Schmitt, G. and Henze. G. (1999) "TEL-AMLI fusion in relapsed childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia", Blood 94, 374–376.
  • Raynaud. S.D., Dastugue, N., Zoccola, D., Shurtleff, S.A., Mathew, S. and Raimondi, S.C. (1999) "Cytogenetic abnormalities associated with the 012;24 a collaborative study of 169 children with t(12;21)-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia". Leukemia 13, 1325–1330.
  • Niini, T., Kanerva, J., Vettenranta, K., Saarinen-Pihkala, U.M. and Knuutila, S. (2000) "AML1 gene amplification: a novel finding in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia", Haematologica 85, 362–366.
  • Nordgren, A., Heyman, M., Sahlen, S., Schoumans, J., Soderhall, S., Nordenskjold, M. and Blennow, E. (2002) "Spectral karyotyping and interphase FISH reveal abnormalities not detected by conventional G-banding. Implications for treatment stratification of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: detailed analysis of 70 cases", European Journal of Haematology 68, 31–41.
  • Dal Cin, P., Atkins, L„ Ford, C., Ariyanayagam. S., Armstrong, S.A., George, R.. Cleary, A. and Morton, C.C. (2001) "Amplification of AML1 in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemias", Genes Chromosomes & Cancer 30, 407–409.
  • Busson-Le Coniat, M., Nguyen, K.F., Daniel, AT., Bernard, 0,A. and Berger, R. (2001) "Chromosome 21 abnormalities with AML I amplification in acute lymphoblastic leukemia", Genes Chromo-somes & Cancer 32, 244–249.
  • Penther, D.. Preudhorrune, C., Talmant, P.. Rounder, C., Godon, A., Mechinaud, F., Milpied, N., Bataille, R. and Avet-Loiseau, H. (2002) "Amplification of AML1 gene is present in child-hood acute lymphoblastic leukemia but not in adult, and is not associated with AML1 gene mutation", Leukemia 16, 1131–1134.
  • Mikhail, F.M., Serry, K.A., Hatem, N., Mourad, Z.I., Farawela, H.M., El Kaffash, D.M., Coignet, L. and Nucifora, G. (2002) "AML I gene over-expression in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia", Leukemia 16, 658–668.
  • Odero, M.D., Carlson, K., Calasanz, Mi., Lahortiga, 1., Chinwalla, V. and Rowley, J. (2001) "Identification of new translocations involving ETV6 in hematologic malignancies by fluorescence in situ hybridization and spectral karyotyping", Genes Chromosomes & Cancer 31, 134–142.
  • Heyman, M. and Einhom, S. (1996) "Inactivation of the p 1 51NK4B and p 16INK4 genes in hematologic malignancies". Leukemia and Lymphoma 23, 235–245.
  • Kees, U.R., Burton, P.R., Lu, C. and Baker, D.L. (1997) "Homozygous deletion of the p1 6/MTS1 gene in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia is associated with unfavorable clinical outcome", Blood 89, 4161–4166.
  • Mekki, Y., Catallo, R., Bertrand, Y.. Manel, A.M., Ffrench, P., Baghdassarian, N., Duhaut, P., Bryon, P.A. and Ffrench, M. (1999) "Enhanced expression of p 16ink4a is associated with a poor prognosis in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia", Leukemia 13, 181–189.
  • Graf Einsiedel, H., Taube, T., Hartmann, R., Wellmann, S., Seifert, G., Henze, G. and Seeger, K. (2002) "Deletion analysis of p16(INKa) and p15(INKb) in relapsed childhood acute lympho-blastic leukemia", Blood 99, 4629–4631.
  • Rubnitz, I.E., Behm, F.G., Pui, C.H., Evans, W.E., Relling, MN., Raimondi, S.C., Harrison, PL., Sandlund, J.T., Ribeiro, R.C., Grosveld, G. and Downing, J.R. (1997) "Genetic studies of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia with emphasis on p16. MU, and ETV6 gene abnormalities; results of St Jude Total Therapy Study XII", Leukemia 11, 1201–1206.
  • Takeuchi, S., Bartram, C.R., Wads, M., Reiter, A., Hatta, Y., Seriu, T., Lee, E., Miller. C.W.. Miyoshi, I. and Koeffler, H.P. (1995) -Allelotype analysis of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia", Cancer Research 55, 5377–5382.
  • Morison, I.M,, Ellis, L.M., Teague, L.R. and Reeve, A.E. (2002) "Preferential loss of maternal 9p alleles in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia", Blood 99, 375–377.
  • Schnick, E. and Padilla-Nash, H. (2000) "Spectral karyotyping and multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization reveal new tumor specific chromosomal aberrations". Seminars in Hematology 37, 334–347.
  • Rowley. J., Reshtni, S., Carlson, K. and Roulston, D. (1999) "Spectral karyotyping analysis of T-cell acute leukemia", Blood 93, 2038–2042.
  • Kerndrup, G.B. and Kjeldsen, E. (2001) "Acute leukemia cytogenetics: an evaluation of combining 0-band karyotyping with multi-color spectral karyotyping", Cancer Genetics and Cytogerietics 124, 7–11.
  • Mathew, S., Rao, PH., Dalton, J., Downing, J.R. and Raimondi, S.C. (2001) "Multicolor spectral karyotyping identifies novel translocations in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia". Leukemia 15, 468–472.
  • Calabrese, G., Taraborelli, T., Fantasia, D., Guanciali Franchi, Spadano, A. and Palka, G. (2002) "Karyotype refinement by multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis in 18 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia", Haematologica 87, 888–889. 281 Lu, X,Y., Harris, CP., Cooley, L., Margolin, J., Steuber, P.C., Sheldon, M.. Rao, PH. and Lau, C.C. (2002) "The utility of spectral karyotyping in the cytogenetic analysis of newly diagnosed pediatric acute Iymphoblastic leukemia". Leukemia 16, 2222–2227.
  • Andreasson, P., Hfiglund, M., Bekassy, A.N„ Garwicz, S., Heldrup, J., Mitelman, F. and Johansson, B. (2000) "Cytogenetic and FISH studies of a single center consecutive series of 152 childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemias-, European Journal of Haematology 65, 40–51.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.