Clonal Cytotoxic T Cells in Myeloma

References

• Halapi, E., Werner, A., Wahlstrom, J., Osterborg, A., Jeddi-Tehrani, M., Yi, Q., Janson, CH., Wigzell, H., Grunewald, J. and Mellstedt, H. (1997) "T cell repertoire in patients with multiple myeloma and monoclonal ganunopathy of undetermined significance: clonal CD8+ T cell expansions are found preferentially in patients with a low tumor burden", Eur. J. Immunol. 27, 2245–2252.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kay, N., Leong, T., Kyle, RA., Greipp, P., Van Ness, B., Bone, N. and Oken, UM. (1999) "Altered T cell repertoire usage in CD4 and CD8 subsets of multiple myeloma patients, a Study of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (E9487)", Leuk. Lymphoma 33, 127–133.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moss, P., Gillespie, G., Frodsham, P., Bell, J. and Reyburn, H. (1996) "Clonal populations of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in patients with multiple myeloma and paraproteinemia", Blood 87, 3297–3306.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Janson, CH., Grunewald, J., Osterborg, A., DerSimonian, H., Brenner, MB., Mellstedt, H. and Wigzell, H. (1991) "Predominant T cell receptor V gene usage in patients with abnormal clones of B cells", Blood 77, 1776–1780.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wen, T., Mellstedt, H. and Jondal, M. (1990) "Presence of clonal T cell populations in chronic B lymphocytic leukemia and smoldering myeloma", J. Exp. Med. 171, 659–666.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raitakari, M., Brown, RD., Sze, D., Yuen, E., Barrow, L., Nelson, M., Pope, B., Esdale, W., Gibson, J. and Joshua, D.E. (2000) "T-cell expansions in patients with multiple myeloma have a phenotype of cytotoxic T cells", Br J. Haematol. 110, 203–209.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sze, D.M., Giesajtis, G., Brown, RD., Raitakari, M., Gibson, J., Ho, J., Baxter, A.G., Fazekas de St Groth, B., Basten, A. and Joshua, D.E. (2001) "Clonal cytotoxic T cells are expanded in myeloma and reside in the CD8(+ )CD57(+)CD28(— ) compartment", Blood 98, 2817–2827.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ludewig, B., Oehen, S., Barchiesi, F., Schwendener, R.A., Hengartner, H. and Zinkernagel, R.M. (1999) "Protective antiviral cytotoxic T cell memory is most efficiently maintained by restimulation via dendritic cells", J. Immunol. 163, 1839–1844.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown, RD., Yuen, E., Nelson, M., Gibson, J. and Joshua, D. (1997) "The prognostic significance of T cell receptor beta gene rearrangements and idiotype-reactive T cells in multiple myeloma", Leukemia 11, 1312–1317.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Subar, M., Giuseppe Pelicci, P., Neri, A., Allavena, P., Littman, DR., Knowles, D.M. and Dalla-Favera, R. (1988) "Patterns of T cell receptor gamma gene rearrangement and expression in B and T lymphoid malignancies", Leukemia 2, 19–26.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nuss, R., Kitchingman, G., Cross, A., Zipf, T.F., Antoun, G.R., Bernstein, I., Behm, F., Pullen, D.J., Crist, W., Mirro, J., Jr, et al. (1988) "T cell receptor gene rearrangements in B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia correlate with age and the stage of B cell differentiation", Leukemia 2, 722–727.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Migone, N., Giubellino, MC., Casorati, G., Tassinari, A., Lauria, F. and Foa, R. (1987) "Configuration of the immunoglobulin and T cell receptor gene regions in hairy cell leukemia and B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia", Leukemia 1, 393–394.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Norton, J.D., Pattinson, J., Hoffbrand, A.V., Jani, H., Yaxley, J.C. and Leber, B.F. (1988) "Rearrangement and expression of T cell antigen receptor genes in B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia", Blood 71, 178–185.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davey, np., Bongiovanni, K.F., Kaulfersch, W., Quertermous, T., Seidman, J.G., Hershfield, MS., Kurtzberg, J., Haynes, BE, Davis, nivi. and Waldmann, TA. (1986) "Immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor gene rearrangement and expression in human lymphoid leukemia cells at different stages of maturation", Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 83, 8759–8763.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berenson, J.R. and Lichtenstein, AK. (1989) "Clonal rearrange-ment of immunoglobulin genes in the peripheral blood of multiple myeloma patients", Br J. Haematol. 73, 425–428.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Minden, M.D., Toyonaga, B., Ha, K., Yanagi, Y., Chin, B., Gelfand, E. and Mak, T. (1985) "Somatic rearrangement of T-cell antigen receptor gene in human T-cell malignancies", Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 82, 1224–1227.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cleary, ML., Chao, J., Warnke, R. and Sklar, J. (1984) "hnmunoglobulin gene rearrangement as a diagnostic criterion of B-cell lymphoma", Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 81, 593–597.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vandongen, J.J.M. and Wolverstettero, I.L.M. (1991) "Analysis of hnmunoglobulin and T-Cell Receptor Genes. 1. Basic and Technical Aspects", Clin. Chim. Acta 198, 1–92.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berliner, N., Ault, K.A., Martin, P. and Weinberg, D.S. (1986) "Detection of clonal excess in lymphoproliferative disease by kappa/lambda analysis: correlation with immunoglobulin gene DNA rearrangement", Blood 67, 80–85.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sundeen, J., Lipford, E., Uppenkamp, M., Sussman, E., Wahl, L., Raffeld, M. and Cossman, J. (1987) "Rearranged antigen receptor genes in Hodgkin's disease", Blood 70, 96–103.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dianzani, U., Pileri, A., Boccadoro, M., Palumbo, A., Pioppo, P., Bianchi, A., Camponi, A., Fossati, G., Battaglio, S. and Massaia, M. (1988) "Activated idiotype-reactive cells in suppressor/cytotoxic subpopulations of monoclonal gammopathies: correlation with diagnosis and disease status", Blood 72, 1064–1068.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwab, R., Szabo, P., Manavalan,Weksler, ME., Posnett,D.N., Pannetier, C., Kourilsky, P. and Even, J. (1997) "Expanded CD4+ and CD8+ T cell clones in elderly humans", J. Immunol. 158, 4493–4499.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frassanito, M.A., Silvestris, F., Cafforio, P. and Dammacco, F. (1998) "CD8+/CD57 cells and apoptosis suppress T-cell functions in multiple myeloma", Br. J. Haematol. 100, 469–477.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gorochov, G., Debre, P., Leblond, V., Sadat-Sowti, B., Sigaux, F. and Autran, B. (1994) "Oligoclonal expansion of CD8+ CD57+ T cells with restricted T-cell receptor beta chain variability after bone marrow transplantation", Blood 83, 587–595.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morley, J.K., Batliwalla, F.M., Hingorani, R. and Gregersen, P.K. (1995) "Oligoclonal CD8+ T cells are preferentially expanded in the CD57+ subset", J. Immunol. 154, 6182–6190.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van den Hove, L.E., Van Gool, S.W., Vandenberghe, P., Boogaerts, M.A. and Ceuppens, J.L. (1998) "CD57+/CD28— T cells in untreated hemato-oncological patients are expanded and display a Th 1 -type cytokine secretion profile, ex vivo cytolytic activity and enhanced tendency to apoptosis", Leukemia 12, 1573–1582.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van den Hove, L.E., Vandenberghe, P., Van Gool, S.W., Ceuppens, J.L., Demuynck, H., Verhoef, G.E. and Boogaerts, M.A. (1998) "Peripheral blood lymphocyte subset shifts in patients with untreated hematological tumors: evidence for systemic activation of the T cell compartment", Leuk. Res. 22, 175–184.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van den Hove, L.E., Meeus, P., Derom, A., Demuynck, H., Verhoef, G.E., Vandenberghe, P. and Boogaerts, M.A. (1998) "Lymphocyte profiles in multiple myeloma and monoclonal ganunopathy of undetermined significance: flow-cytometric characterization and analysis in a two-dimensional correlation biplot", Ann. Hematol. 76, 249–256.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Monteiro, J., Batliwalla, F., Ostrer, H. and Gregersen, P.K. (1996) "Shortened telomeres in clonally expanded CD28— CD8+ T cells imply a replicative history that is distinct from their CD28+CD8+ counterparts", J. Immunol. 156, 3587–3590.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sadat-Sowti, B., Debre, P., Idziorek, T., Guillon, J.M., Hadida, F., Okzenhendler, E., Katlama, C., Mayaud, C. and Autran, B. (1991) "A lectin-binding soluble factor released by CD8+ CD57+ lymphocytes from AIDS patients inhibits T cell cytotoxicity", Eur. J. Immunol. 21, 737–741.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vingerhoets, J.H., Vanham, G.L., Kestens, L.L., Penne, G.G., Colebunders, R.L., Vandenbruaene, M.J., Goeman, J., Gigase, P.L., De Boer, M. and Ceuppens, J.L. (1995) "Increased cytolytic T lymphocyte activity and decreased B7 responsiveness are associated with CD28 down-regulation on CD8+ T cells from HEY-infected subjects", Clin. Exp. Immunol. 100, 425–433.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wursch, AM., Gratama, J.W., Middeldorp, J.M., Nissen, C., Gratwohl, A., Speck, B., Jansen, J., D'Amaro, J., The, T.H. and De Gast, G.C. (1985) "The effect of cytomegalovirus infection on T lymphocytes after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation", Clin. Exp. Immunol. 62, 278–287.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, E.C., Moss, RA., Frodsham, P., Lehner, P.J., Bell, J.I. and Borysiewicz, L.K. (1995) "CD8highCD57+ T lymphocytes in normal, healthy individuals are oligoclonal and respond to human cytomegalovirus", J. Immunol. 155, 5046–5056.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jaffe, J.S., Strober, W. and Sneller, M.C. (1993) "Functional abnormalities of CD8+ T cells define a unique subset of patients with common variable immunodeficiency", Blood 82, 120–192.
   Google Scholar
• Autran, B., Leblond, V., Sadat-Sowti, B., Lefranc, E., Got, P., Sutton, L., Binet, J.L. and Debre, P. (1991) "A soluble factor released by CD8+ CD57+ lymphocytes from bone marrow transplanted patients inhibits cell-mediated cytolysis", Blood 77, 2237–2241.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berthou, C., Marolleau, J.P., Lafaurie, C., Soulie, A., Dal Cortivo, L., Bourge, J.F., Benbunan, M. and Sasportes, M. (1995) "Granzyme B and perforin lytic proteins are expressed in CD34+ peripheral blood progenitor cells mobilized by chemotherapy and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor", Blood 86, 3500–3506.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Azuma, M., Phillips, J.H. and Lanier, L.L. (1993) "CD28-T lymphocytes. antigenic and functional properties", J. Immunol. 150, 1147–1159.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bianchi, A., Omede, P., Attisano, C., Camponi, A., Dianzani, U., Boccadoro, M., Pileri, A. and Massaia, M. (1991) "Phenotypic and functional analysis of peripheral blood lymphocytes during interferon-alpha 2b therapy in multiple myeloma patients with low tumor mass", Haematologica 76, 383–388.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Appay, V. and Rowland-Jones, S. (2002) "The assessment of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells through the combination of MHC class I tetramer and intracellular staining", J. Immunol. Methods 268, 9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Appay, V., Dunbar, P.R., Callan, M., Klenerman, P., Gillespie, G.M., Papagno, L., Ogg, G.S., King, A., Lechner, F., Spina, CA., et al. (2002) "Memory CD8+ T cells vary in differentiation phenotype in different persistent virus infections", Nat. Med. 8, 379–385.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Champagne, P., Ogg, G.S., King, AS., Knabenhans, C., Ellefsen, K., Nobile, M., Appay, V., Rizzardi, G.P., Fleury, S., Lipp, M., et al. (2001) "Skewed maturation of memory HIV-specific CD8 T lymphocytes", Nature 410, 106–111.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hamann, D., Baars, RA., Rep, M.H., Hooibrink, B., Kerkhof-Garde, SR., Klein, MR. and van Lier, R.A. (1997) "Phenotypic and functional separation of memory and effector human CD8+ T cells", J. Exp. Med. 186, 1407–1418.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hendriks, J., Gravestein, L.A., Tesselaar, K., van Lier, R.A., Schumacher, IN. and Borst, J. (2000) "CD27 is required for generation and long-term maintenance of T cell immunity", Nat. Immunol. 1, 433–440.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lenschow, D.J., Walunas, T.L. and Bluestone, J.A. (1996) "CD28/B7 system of T cell costimulation", Annu. Rev. Immunol. 14, 233–258.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Billadeau, D., Quam, L., Thomas, W., Kay, N., Greipp, P., Kyle, R., Oken, M.M. and Van Ness, B. (1992) "Detection and quantitation of malignant cells in the peripheral blood of multiple myeloma patients", Blood 80, 1818–1824.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ralph, Q.M., Brisco, M.J., Joshua, D.E., Brown, R., Gibson, J. and Morley, A.A. (1993) "Advancement of multiple myeloma from diagnosis through plateau phase to progression does not involve a new B-cell clone: evidence from the Ig heavy chain gene", Blood 82, 202–206.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown, R., Luo, X.F., Gibson, J., Morley, A., Sykes, P., Brisco, M. and Joshua, D. (1995) "Idiotypic oligonucleotide probes to detect myeloma cells by mRNA in situ hybridization", Br J. Haematol. 90, 113–118.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bergenbrant, S., Osterborg, A., Holm, G., Mellstedt, H. and Lefvert, AK. (1991) "Anti-idiotypic antibodies in patients with monoclonal gammopathies: relation to the tumor load", Br J. Haematol. 78, 66–70.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Osterborg, A., Janson, CH., Bergenbrant, S., Holm, G., Lefvert, Wigzell, H. and Mellstedt, H. (1991) "Peripheral blood T lymphocytes in patients with monoclonal gammopathies: expanded subsets as depicted by capacity to bind to autologous monoclonal immunoglobulins or reactivity with anti-V gene-restricted antibodies", Eur. J. HaematoL 47, 185–191.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Osterborg, A., Steinitz, M., Lewin, N., Bergenbrant, S., Holm, G., Lefvert, AK. and Mellstedt, H. (1991) "Establishment of idiotype bearing B-lymphocyte clones from a patient with monoclonal ganunopathy", Blood 78, 2642–2649.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wen, Y.J., Ling, M., Bailey-Wood, R. and Lim, S.H. (1998) "Idiotypic protein-pulsed adherent peripheral blood mononuclear cell- derived dendritic cells prime immune system in multiple myeloma", Clin. Cancer Res. 4, 957–962.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wen, Y.J., Ling, M. and Lim, S.H. (1998) "Immunogenicity and cross-reactivity with idiotypic IgA of VH CDR3 peptide in multiple myeloma", Br. J. HaematoL 100, 464–468.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yi, Q., Osterborg, A., Bergenbrant, S., Mellstedt, H., Holm, G. and Lefvert, AK. (1995) "Idiotype-reactive T-cell subsets and tumor load in monoclonal gammopathies", Blood 86, 3043–3049.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Osterborg, A., Yi, Q., Bergenbrant, S., Holm, G., Lefvert, AK. and Mellstedt, H. (1995) "Idiotype-specific T cells in multiple myeloma stage I: an evaluation by four different functional tests", Br. J. HaematoL 89, 110–116.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wen, Y.J., Barlogie, B. and Yi, Q. (2001) "Idiotype-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in multiple myeloma: evidence for their capacity to lyse autologous primary tumor cells", Blood 97, 1750–1755.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pellat-Deceunynck, C., Jego, G., Harousseau, J.L., Vie, H. and Bataille, R. (1999) "Isolation of human lymphocyte antigens class I-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes against autologous myeloma cells", Clin. Cancer Res. 5, 705–709.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Noto, H., Takahashi, T., Makiguchi, Y., Hayashi, T., Hinoda, Y, Imai, K. and Cytotoxic, T. (1997) "lymphocytes derived from bone marrow mononuclear cells of multiple myeloma patients recognize an underglycosylated form of MUC1 mucin", Int. Immunol. 9, 791–798.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Treon, S.P., Mollick, J.A., Urashima, M., Teoh, G., Chauhan, D., Ogata, A., Raje, N., Hilgers, J.H., Nadler, L., Belch, A.R., et al. (1999) "Muc-1 core protein is expressed on multiple myeloma cells and is induced by dexamethasone", Blood 93, 1287–1298.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown, RD., Sze, D.M., Murray, A., Gibson, J., Ho, J.P. and Joshua, D.E. (2002) "Detection of anti-idiotypic T cells in patients with myeloma using idiotype-derived immunodominant peptide tetra-mers", Blood 100, 807a–808a.
   Google Scholar
• Ruffini, RA., Neelapu, S., Kwak, LW. and Biragyn, A. (2002) "Idiotypic vaccination for B-cell malignancies as a model for therapeutic cancer vaccines: from prototype protein to second generation vaccines", Haematologica 87, 989–1001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Massaia, M., Borrione, P., Battaglio, S., Mariani, S., Beggiato, E., Napoli, P., Voena, C., Bianchi, A., Coscia, M., Besostri, B., et al. (1999) "Idiotype vaccination in human myeloma: generation of tumor-specific immune responses after high-dose chemotherapy", Blood 94, 673–683.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lim, S.H., Wen, Y.J. and Ling, M. (2000) "Malignancy: idiotypic immune targeting of multiple myeloma", Hematology 4, 471–477.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Liso, A., Stockerl-Goldstein, K.E., Auffermann-Gretzinger, S., Benike, C.J., Reichardt, V., van Beckhoven, A., Rajapaksa, R., Engleman, E.G., Blume, KG. and Levy, R. (2000) "Idiotype vaccination using dendritic cells after autologous peripheral blood progenitor cell transplantation for multiple myeloma", Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. 6, 621–627.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cull, G.M., Carter, G.I., Timms, J.M., Thomson, B.J., Russell, N.H. and Haynes, AR (1999) "Low incidence of human herpesvirus 8 in stem cell collections from myeloma patients", Bone Marrow Transplant. 23, 759–761.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Osterborg, A., Henriksson, L. and Mellstedt, H. (2000) "Idiotype immunity (natural and vaccine-induced) in early stage multiple myeloma", Acta OncoL 39, 797–800.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reichardt, V.L., Okada, C.Y., Liso, A., Benike, C.J., Stockerl-Goldstein, K.E., Engleman, E.G., Blume, K.G. and Levy, R. (1999) "Idiotype vaccination using dendritic cells after autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for multiple myeloma—a feasibility study", Blood 93, 2411–2419.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Titzer, S., Christensen, 0., Manzke, 0., Tesch, H., Wolf, J., Emmerich, B., Carsten, C., Diehl, V. and Bohlen, H. (2000) "Vaccination of multiple myeloma patients with idiotype-pulsed dendritic cells: immunological and clinical aspects", Br J. Haematol. 108, 805–816.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lacy, M.Q., Wettstein, R, Gastineau, D.A., Greipp, P.R., Fonseca, R., Dispenzieri, A., Lust, J., Witzig, T., Rajkumar, S.V., Valone, F., et al. (1999) "Dendritic cell-based idiotype vaccination in post transplant multiple myeloma", Blood 94, 122a–122a.
   Google Scholar
• MacKenzie, M., Peshwa, M.V., Wun, T., Strang, G., Wolf, J., Gutheil, J., Mason, J., Caggiano, V. and Valone, F.H. (1999) "Efficacy of idiotype-pulsed autologous dendritic cells for treatment of advanced refractory multiple myeloma", Blood 94, 122a.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trojan, A., Schultze, J.L., Witzens, M., Vonderheide, R.H., Laden°, M., Donovan, J.W. and Gribben, J.G. (2000) "Immunoglobulin framework-derived peptides function as cytotoxic T-cell epitopes commonly expressed in B-cell malignancies", Nat. Med. 6, 667–672.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elazig, S., Witzens, M., Krackhardt, A.M., Trojan, A., Barrett, R, Broderick, R., Zauls, A.J. and Gribben, J.G. (2001) "Induction of cytotoxic T-cell responses against immunoglobulin V region-derived peptides modified at human leukocyte antigen-A2 binding residues", Blood 98, 2999–3005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pellat-Deceunynck, C., Mellerin, M.P., Labarriere, N., Jego, G., Moreau-Aubry, A., Harousseau, J.L., Jotereau, F. and Bataille, R. (2000) "The cancer germ-line genes MAGE-1, MAGE-3 and PRAME are commonly expressed by human myeloma cells", Eur. J. Immunol. 30, 803–809.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lim, S.H., Wang, Z., Chiriva-Internati, M. and Xue, Y. (2001) "Sperm protein 17 is a novel cancer-testis antigen in multiple myeloma", Blood 97, 1508–1510.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dermime, S., Armstrong, A., Hawkins, R.E. and Stern, EL. (2002) "Cancer vaccines and immunotherapy", Br Med. Bull. 62, 149–162.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parmiani, G., Castelli, C., Dalerba, P., Mortarini, R., Rivoltini, L., Marincola, F.M. and Anichini, A. (2002) "Cancer immunotherapy with peptide-based vaccines: what have we achieved? Where are we going?", J. Natl Cancer Inst. 94, 805–818.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown, R.D., Pope, B., Murray, A., Esdale, W., Sze, D.M., Gibson, J., Ho, P.J., Hart, D. and Joshua, D. (2001) "Dendritic cells from patients with myeloma are numerically normal but functionally defective as they fail to up-regulate CD80 (B7-1) expression after huCD4OLT stimulation because of inhibition by transforming growth factor-betal and interleukin-10", Blood 98, 2992–2998.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brasel, K., De Smedt, T., Smith, J.L. and Maliszewski, C.R. (2000) "Generation of murine dendritic cells from flt3-ligand-sup-plemented bone marrow cultures", Blood 96, 3029–3039.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hsu, F.J. and Komarovskaya, M. (2002) "CTLA4 blockade maximizes antitumor T-cell activation by dendritic cells presenting idiotype protein or opsonized anti-CD20 antibody-coated lymphoma cells", J. Immunother 25, 455–468.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pope, B., Brown, R.D., Gibson, J., Yuen, E. and Joshua, D. (2000) "B7-2-positive myeloma: incidence, clinical characteristics, prog-nostic significance and implications for tumor immunotherapy", Blood 96, 1274–1279.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ushio, H., Tsuji, RE, Szczepanik, M., Kawamoto, K., Matsuda, H. and Askenase, P.W. (1998) "IL-12 reverses established antigen-specific tolerance of contact sensitivity by affecting costimulatory molecules B7-1 (CD80) and B7-2 (CD86)", J. Immunol. 160, 2080–2088.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cook, D.N., Smithies, 0., Strieter, R.M., Frelinger, J.A. and Serody, J.S. (1999) "CD8(+) T cells are a biologically relevant source of macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha in vivo", J. Immunol. 162, 5423–5428.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wen, Y.J., Min, R., Tricot, G., Barlogie, B. and Yi, Q. (2002) "Tumor lysate-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in multiple myeloma: promising effector cells for immunotherapy", Blood 99, 3280–3285.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chiriva-Internati, M., Du, J., Cannon, M., Barlogie, B. and Yi, Q. (2001) "Myeloma-reactive allospecific cytotoxic T lymphocytes lyse target cells via the granule exocytosis pathway", Br. J. HaematoL 112, 410–420.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Landay, A., Gartland, G.L. and Clement, L.T. (1983) "Characteriza-tion of a phenotypically distinct subpopulation of Leu-2+ cells that suppresses T cell proliferative responses", J. Immunol. 131, 2757–2761.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vinci, G., Vernant, J.P., Nakazawa, M., Zohair, M., Katz, A., Henri, A., Rochant, H., Breton-Gorius, J. and Vainchenker, W. (1988) "In vitro inhibition of normal human hematopoiesis by marrow CD3+, CD8+, HLA-DR+, HNK1+ lymphocytes", Blood 72, 1616–1621.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar