76
Views
15
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

ALK a Novel Lymphoma-associated Tumor Antigen for Vaccination Strategies

&
Pages 1675-1681 | Published online: 01 Jul 2009

References

  • Benharroch, D., Meguerian-Bedoyan, Z., Lamant, L., Amin, C., Brugieres, L., Terrier-Lacombe, M.J., Haralambieva, E., Pulford, K., Pileri, S., Morris, S.W., Mason, D.Y. and Delsol, G. (1998) "ALK-positive lymphoma: a single disease with a broad spectrum of morphology", Blood 91, 2076–2084.
  • Falini, B., Bigerna, B., Fizzotti, M., Pulford, K., Pileri, SA., Delsol, G., Carbone, A., Paulli, M., Magrini, U., Menestrina, F., Giardini, R., Pilotti, S., Mezzelani, A., Ugolini, B., Billi, M., Pucciarini, A., Pacini, R., Pelicci, P.G. and Flenghi, L. (1998) "ALK expression defines a distinct group of T/null lymphomas ("ALK lymphomas") with a wide morphological spectrum", Am. J. Pathol. 153, 875–886.
  • Pulford, K., Lamant, L., Morris, S.W., Butler, L.H., Wood, KM., Stroud, D., Delsol, G. and Mason, D.Y. (1997) "Detection of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and nucleolar protein nucleophosmin (NPM)-ALK proteins in normal and neoplastic cells with the monoclonal antibody ALK1", Blood 89, 1394–1404.
  • Brugieres, L., Deley, MC., Pacquement, H., Meguerian-Bedoyan, Z., Terrier-Lacombe, M.J., Robert, A., Pondarre, C., Leverger, G., Devalck, C., Rodary, C., Delsol, G. and Hartmann, 0. (1998) "CD30(+) anaplastic large-cell lymphoma in children: analysis of 82 patients enrolled in two consecutive studies of the French Society of Pediatric Oncology", Blood 92, 3591–3598.
  • Drexler, HG., Gignac, S.M., Von Wasielewski, R., Werner, M. and Dirks, W.G. (2000) "Pathobiology of NPM-ALK and variant fusion genes in anaplastic large cell lymphoma and other lymphomas", Leukemia 14, 1533–1559.
  • Stein, H., Foss, RD., Durkop, H., Marafioti, T., Delsol, G., Pulford, K., Pileri, S. and Falini, B. (2000) "CD30(+) anaplastic large cell lymphoma: a review of its histopathologic, genetic, and clinical features", Blood 96, 3681–3695.
  • Falini, B., Pileri, S., Zinzani, P.L., Carbone, A., Zagonel, V, Wolf-Peeters, C., Verhoef, G., Menestrina, F., Todeschini, G., Paulli, M., Lazzarino, M., Giardini, R., Aiello, A., Foss, RD., Araujo, I., Fizzotti, M., Pelicci, PG., Flenghi, L., Martelli, M.F. and Santucci, A. (1999) "ALK+ lymphoma: clinico-pathological findings and outcome", Blood 93, 2697–2706.
  • Gascoyne, RD., Aoun, P., Wu, D., Chhanabhai, M., Skinnider, BE, Greiner, T.C., Morris, S.W., Connors, J.M., Vose, J.M., Viswanatha, D.S., Coldman, A. and Weisenburger, D.D. (1999) "Prognostic significance of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) protein expression in adults with anaplastic large cell lymphoma", Blood 93, 3913–3921.
  • Massimino, M., Spreafico, R, Luksch, R. and Giardini, R. (2001) "Prognostic significance of p80 and visceral involvement in childhood CD30 anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL)", Med. Pediatr. Oncol. 37, 97–102.
  • Fanin, R., Silvestri, F., Geromin, A., Cerno, M., Infanti, L., Zaja, F., Barillari, G., Savignano, C., Rinaldi, C., Damiani, D., Buffoli, A., Biffoni, F. and Baccarini, M. (1996) "Primary systemic CD30 (Ki-1)-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma of the adult: sequential intensive treatment with the F-MACHOP regimen (+/— radiotherapy) and autologous bone marrow transplantation", Blood 87, 1243–1248.
  • Fanin, R., Ruiz De Elvira, MC., Sperotto, A., Baccarani, M. and Goldstone, A. (1999) "Autologous stem cell transplantation for T and null cell CD30-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma: analysis of 64 adult and paediatric cases reported to the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT)", Bone Marrow Transplant. 23, 437–442.
  • Seidemann, K., Tiemann, M., Schrappe, M., Yakisan, E., Simonitsch, I., Janka-Schaub, G., Dorffel, W., Zimmermann, M., Mann, G., Gadner, H., Parwaresch, R., Riehm, H. and Reiter, A. (2001) "Short-pulse B-non-Hodgkin lymphoma-type chemotherapy is efficacious treatment for pediatric anaplastic large cell lymphoma: a report of the Berlin-Frankfurt-Munster Group Trial NHL-BFM 90", Blood 97, 3699–3706.
  • Williams, D.M., Hobson, R., 'meson, J., Gerrard, M., Mccarthy, K. and Pinkerton, C.R. (2002) "Anaplastic large cell lymphoma in childhood: analysis of 72 patients treated on The United Kingdom Children's Cancer Study Group chemotherapy regimens", Br J. Haematol. 117, 812–820.
  • Iwahara, T., Fujimoto, J., Wen, D., Cupples, R., Bucay, N., Arakawa, T., Mori, S., Ratzkin, B. and Yamamoto, T. (1997) "Molecular characterization of ALK, a receptor tyrosine kinase expressed specifically in the nervous system", Oncogene 14, 439–449.
  • Morris, S.W., Naeve, C., Mathew, P., James, P.L., Kirstein, M.N., Cui, X. and Witte, D.P. (1997) "ALK, the chromosome 2 gene locus altered by the t(2;5) in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, encodes a novel neural receptor tyrosine kinase that is highly related to leukocyte tyrosine kinase (LTK) [published erratum appears in Oncogene 1997 Dec 4;15(23):2883]", Oncogene 14, 2175 —2188.
  • Shiota, M., Fujimoto, J., Takenaga, M., Satoh, H., Ichinohasama, R., Abe, M., Nakano, M., Yamamoto, T. and Mori, S. (1994) "Diagnosis of t(2;5)(p23;q35)-associated Ki-1 lymphoma with immunohistochemistry", Blood 84, 3648–3652.
  • Morris, S.W., Kirstein, MN., Valentine, M.B., Dittmer, K.G., Shapiro, D.N., Saltman, D.L. and Look, A.T. (1994) "Fusion of a kinase gene, ALK, to a nucleolar protein gene, NPM, in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma [published erratum appears in Science 1995 Jan 20;267(5196):316-7]", Science 263, 1281–1284.
  • Lamant, L., Dastugue, N., Pulford, K., Delsol, G. and Mariame, B. (1999) "A new fusion gene TPM3-ALK in anaplastic large cell lymphoma created by a (1;2)(q25;p23) translocation", Blood 93, 3088–3095.
  • Hernandez, L., Pinyol, M., Hernandez, S., Bea, S., Pulford, K., Rosenwald, A., Lamant, L., Falini, B., Ott, G., Mason, D.Y., Delsol, G. and Campo, E. (1999) "TRK-fused gene (TFG) is a new partner of ALK in anaplastic large cell lymphoma producing two structurally different TFG-ALK translocations", Blood 94, 3265–3268.
  • Rosenwald, A., Ott, G., Pulford, K., Katzenberger, T., Kuhl, J., Kalla, J., Ott, M.M., Mason, D.Y. and Muller-Hermelink, H.K. (1999) "t(1;2)(q21;p23) and t(2;3)(p23;q21): two novel variant translocations of the t(2;5)(p23;q35) in anaplastic large cell lymphoma", Blood 94, 362–364.
  • Hernandez, L., Bea, S., Bellosillo, B., Pinyol, M., Falini, B., Carbone, A., Ott, G., Rosenwald, A., Fernandez, A., Pulford, K., Mason, D., Morris, S.W., Santos, E. and Campo, E. (2002) "Diversity of genomic breakpoints in TFG-ALK translocations in anaplastic large cell lymphomas: identification of a new TFG-ALK(XL) chimeric gene with transforming activity", Am. J. Pathol. 160, 1487–1494.
  • Colleoni, G.W., Bridge, J.A., Garicochea, B., Liu, J., Filippa, D.A. and Ladanyi, M. (2000) "ATIC-ALK:A novel variant ALK gene fusion in anaplastic large cell lymphoma resulting from the recurrent cryptic chromosomal inversion, inv(2)(p23q35)", Am. J. Pathol. 156, 781–789.
  • Ma, Z., Cools, J., Marynen, P., Cui, X., Siebert, R., Gesk, S., Schlegelberger, B., Peeters, B., De Wolf-Peeters, C., Wlodarska, I. and Morris, S.W. (2000) "Inv(2)(p23q35) in anaplastic large-cell lymphoma induces constitutive anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) tyrosine kinase activation by fusion to ATIC, an enzyme involved in purine nucleotide biosynthesis", Blood 95, 2144–2149.
  • Trinei, M., Lanfrancone, L., Campo, E., Pulford, K., Mason, D.Y., Pelicci, P.G. and Falini, B. (2000) "A new variant anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-fusion protein (ATIC-ALK) in a case of ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma", Cancer Res. 60, 793–798.
  • Touriol, C., Greenland, C., Lamant, L., Pulford, K., Bernard, F., Rousset, T., Mason, D.Y. and Delsol, G. (2000) "Further demonstration of the diversity of chromosomal changes involving 2p23 in ALK-positive lymphoma: 2 cases expressing ALK kinase fused to CLTCL (clathrin chain polypeptide-like)", Blood 95, 3204–3207.
  • Tort, F., Pinyol, M., Pulford, K., Roncador, G., Hernandez, L., Nayach, I., Kluin-Nelemans, H.C., Kluin, P., Touriol, C., Delsol, G., Mason, D. and Campo, E. (2001) "Molecular characterization of a new ALK translocation involving moesin (MSN-ALK) in anaplastic large cell lymphoma", Lab. Investig. 81, 419–426.
  • Cools, J., Wlodarska, I., Somers, R., Mentens, N., Pedeutour, F., Maes, B., De Wolf-Peeters, C., Pauwels, P., Hagemeijer, A. and Marynen, P. (2002) "Identification of novel fusion partners of ALK, the anaplastic lymphoma kinase, in anaplastic large-cell lymphoma and inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor", Genes Chromosomes Cancer 34, 354–362.
  • Duyster, J., Bai, R.Y. and Morris, S.W. (2001) "Translocations involving anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)", Oncogene 20, 5623–5637.
  • Zamo, A., Chiarle, R., Piva, R., Howes, J., Fan, Y., Chilosi, M., Levy, D.E. and Inghirami, G. (2002) "Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) activates Stat3 and protects hematopoietic cells from cell death", Oncogene 21, 1038–1047.
  • Renkvist, N., Castelli, C., Robbins, RE and Parmiani, G. (2001) "A listing of human tumor antigens recognized by T cells", Cancer Immunol. Immunother. 50, 3–15.
  • Meese, E. and Comtesse, N. (2002) "Cancer genetics and tumor antigens: time for a combined view?", Genes Chromosomes Cancer 33, 107–113.
  • Van Der Bruggen, R, Zhang, Y, Chaux, P., Stroobant, V., Panichelli, C., Schultz, ES., Chapiro, J., Van Den Eynde, B.J., Brasseur, F. and Boon, T. (2002) "Tumor-specific shared antigenic peptides recognized by human T cells", Immunol. Rev. 188, 51–64.
  • Buteau, C., Markovic, S.N. and Celis, E. (2002) "Challenges in the development of effective peptide vaccines for cancer", Mayo Clin. Proc. 77, 339–349.
  • Pardoll, D.M. (2002) "Spinning molecular immunology into successful immunotherapy", Nat. Rev. Immunol. 2, 227–238.
  • Yu, Z. and Restifo, N.P. (2002) "Cancer vaccines: progress reveals new complexities", J. Clin. Investig. 110, 289–294.
  • Parmiani, G., Castelli, C., Dalerba, P., Mortarini, R., Rivoltini, L., Marincola, F.M. and Anichini, A. (2002) "Cancer inrununotherapy with peptide-based vaccines: what have we achieved? Where are we going?", J. Nati Cancer Inst. 94, 805–818.
  • Haupt, K., Roggendorf, M. and Mann, K. (2002) "The potential of DNA vaccination against tumor-associated antigens for antitumor therapy", Exp. Biol. Med. (Maywood) 227, 227–237.
  • Nouri-Shirazi, M., Banchereau, J., Fay, J. and Palucka, K. (2000) "Dendritic cell based tumor vaccines", Immunol. Lett. 74, 5–10.
  • Gajewski, T.F., Fallarino, F., Ashikari, A. and Sherman, M. (2001) "Immunization of HLA-A2+ melanoma patients with MAGE-3 or MelanA peptide-pulsed autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells plus recombinant human interleukin 12", Clin. Cancer Res. 7, 895s–901s.
  • Reinhard, G., Marten, A., Kiske, S.M., Feil, F., Bieber, T. and Schmidt-Wolf, LG. (2002) "Generation of dendritic cell-based vaccines for cancer therapy", Br. J. Cancer 86, 1529–1533.
  • Nestle, FO., Alijagic, S., Gillet, M., Sun, Y, Grabbe, S., Dummer, R., Burg, G. and Schadendorf, D. (1998) "Vaccination of melanoma patients with peptide- or tumor lysate-pulsed dendritic cells", Nat. Med. 4, 328–332.
  • Lee, K.H., Wang, E., Nielsen, M.B., Wunderlich, J., Migueles, S., Connors, M., Steinberg, S.M., Rosenberg, S.A. and Marincola, F.M. (1999) "Increased vaccine-specific T cell frequency after peptide-based vaccination correlates with increased susceptibility to in vitro stimulation but does not lead to tumor regression", J. Immunol. 163, 6292–6300.
  • Thurner, B., Haendle, I., Roder, C., Dieckmann, D., Keikavoussi, P., Jonuleit, H., Bender, A., Maczek, C., Schreiner, D., Von Den Driesch, P., Brocker, E.B., Steinman, R.M., Enk, A., Kampgen, E. and Schuler, G. (1999) "Vaccination with mage-3A1 peptide-pulsed mature, monocyte-derived dendritic cells expands specific cytotoxic T cells and induces regression of some metastases in advanced stage IV melanoma", J. Exp. Med. 190, 1669–1678.
  • Wang, F., Bade, E., Kuniyoshi, C., Spears, L., Jeffery, G., Marty, V., Groshen, S. and Weber, J. (1999) "Phase I trial of a MART-1 peptide vaccine with incomplete Freund's adjuvant for resected high-risk melanoma", Clin. Cancer Res. 5, 2756–2765.
  • Disis, M.L., Schiffman, K., Gooley, T.A., Mcneel, D.G., Rinn, K. and Knutson, K.L. (2000) "Delayed-type hypersensitivity response is a predictor of peripheral blood T-cell immunity after HER-2/neu peptide immunization", Clin. Cancer Res. 6, 1347–1350.
  • Honig, H., Lee, D.S., Conkright, W., Divito, J., Hasson, H., Lamare, M., Rivera, A., Park, D., Tine, J., Guito, K., Tsang, K.W., Schlom, J. and Kaufman, H.L. (2000) "Phase I clinical trial of a recombinant canarypoxvirus (ALVAC) vaccine expressing human carcino-embryonic antigen and the B7.1 co-stimulatory molecule", Cancer Immunol. Immunother. 49, 504–514.
  • Marshall, J.L., Hoyer, R.J., Toomey, M.A., Faraguna, K., Chang, P., Richmond, E., Pedicano, J.E., Gehan, E., Peck, R.A., Arlen, P., Tsang, K.Y. and Schlom, J. (2000) "Phase I study in advanced cancer patients of a diversified prime-and-boost vaccination protocol using recombinant vaccinia virus and recombinant nonreplicating avipox virus to elicit anti-carcinoembryonic antigen immune responses", J. Clin. Oncol. 18, 3964–3973.
  • Zhu, M.Z., Marshall, J., Cole, D., Schlom, J. and Tsang, K.Y. (2000) "Specific cytolytic T-cell responses to human CEA from patients immunized with recombinant avipox-CEA vaccine", Clin. Cancer Res. 6, 24–33.
  • Jager, E., Jager, D. and Knuth, A. (2002) "Clinical cancer vaccine trials", Curr. Opin. Immunol. 14, 178–182.
  • Gilboa, E. (1999) "The makings of a tumor rejection antigen", Immunity 11, 263–270.
  • Lethe, B., Van Der Bruggen, P., Brasseur, F. and Boon, T. (1997) "MAGE-1 expression threshold for the lysis of melanoma cell lines by a specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte", Melanoma Res. 7\(Suppl. 2), S83—S88.
  • Vierboom, M.P., Nijman, H.W., Offringa, R., Van Der Voort, El., Van Hall, T., Van Den Broek, L., Fleuren, G.J., Kenemans, P., Kast, W.M. and Melief, C.J. (1997) "Tumor eradication by wild-type p53-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes", J. Exp. Med. 186,695–704.
  • Liu, X., Peralta, E.A., Ellenhorn, J.D. and Diamond, D.J. (2000) "Targeting of human p53-overexpressing tumor cells by an HLA A*0201- restricted murine T-cell receptor expressed in Jurkat T cells", Cancer Res. 60, 693–701.
  • Baxevanis, C.N., Voutsas, IF., Tsitsilonis, 0.E., Gritzapis, A.D., Sotiriadou, R. and Papamichail, M. (2000) "Tumor-specific CD4+T lymphocytes from cancer patients are required for optimal induction of cytotoxic T cells against the autologous tumor", J. Immunol. 164, 3902–3912.
  • Knutson, K.L., Schiffman, K. and Disis, M.L. (2001) "Immuni-zation with a HER-2/neu helper peptide vaccine generates HER-2/neu CD8 T-cell immunity in cancer patients", J. Clin. Investig. 107, 477–484.
  • Foy, TM., Fanger, G.R., Hand, S., Gerard, C., Bruck, C. and Cheever, M.A. (2002) "Designing HER2 vaccines", Semin. OncoL 29, 53–61.
  • Jass, J.R. (1986) "Lymphocytic infiltration and survival in rectal cancer", J. Clin. PathoL 39, 585–589.
  • Tefany, F.J., Barnetson, R.S., Halliday, G.M., Mccarthy, S.W. and Mccarthy, W.H. (1991) "Immunocytochemical analysis of the cellular infiltrate in primary regressing and non-regressing malignant melanoma", J. Invest. Dennatol. 97, 197–202.
  • Yoshimoto, M., Sakamoto, G. and Ohashi, Y. (1993) "Time dependency of the influence of prognostic factors on relapse in breast cancer", Cancer 72, 2993–3001.
  • Clemente, C.G., Mihm, MC., Jr, Bufalino, R., Zunida, S., Collini, P. and Cascinelli, N. (1996) "Prognostic value of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in the vertical growth phase of primary cutaneous melanoma", Cancer 77, 1303–1310.
  • Anse11, S.M., Stenson, M., Habermann, TM., Jelinek, D.F. and Witzig, T.E. (2001) "Cd4+ T-cell immune response to large B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma predicts patient outcome", J. Clin. OncoL 19, 720–726.
  • De Vries, T.J., Fourkour, A., Wobbes, T., Verkroost, G., Ruiter, D.J. and Van Muijen, G.N. (1997) "Heterogeneous expression of inununotherapy candidate proteins gp100, MART-1, and tyrosinase in human melanoma cell lines and in human melanocytic lesions", Cancer Res. 57, 3223–3229.
  • Busam, K.J., Chen, Y.T., Old, L.J., Stocked, E., Iversen, K., CopIan, K.A., Rosai, J., Barnhill, R.L. and Jungbluth, A.A. (1998) "Expression of melan-A (MART 1) in benign melanocytic nevi and primary cutaneous malignant melanoma", Am. J. Surg. PathoL 22, 976–982.
  • Shankaran, V., Ikeda, H., Bruce, AT., White, J.M., Swanson, RE., Old, Li. and Schreiber, RD. (2001) "IFNgamma and lymphocytes prevent primary tumour development and shape tumour immuno-genicity", Nature 410, 1107–1111.
  • Riker, A., Cormier, J., Panelli, M., Kammula, U., Wang, E., Abati, A., Fetsch, P., Lee, KR, Steinberg, S., Rosenberg, S. and Marincola, F. (1999) "Immune selection after antigen-specific inununotherapy of melanoma", Surgery 126, 112–120.
  • Ohminami, H., Yasukawa, M., Kaneko, S., Yakushijin, Y, Abe, Y, Kasahara, Y., Ishida, Y. and Fujita, S. (1999) "Fas-independent and nonapoptotic cytotoxicity mediated by a human CD4(+) T-cell clone directed against an acute myelogenous leukemia-associated DEK-CAN fusion peptide", Blood 93, 925–935.
  • Yun, C., Senju, S., Fujita, H., Tsuji, Y, Irie, A., Matsushita, S. and Nishimura, Y. (1999) "Augmentation of immune response by altered peptide ligands of the antigenic peptide in a human CD4+ T-cell clone reacting to TEL/AML1 fusion protein", Tissue Antigens 54, 153–161.
  • Berke, Z., Andersen, M.H., Pedersen, M., Fugger, L., Zeuthen, J. and Haurum, J.S. (2000) "Peptides spanning the junctional region of both the abl/bcr and the bcr/abl fusion proteins bind common HLA class I molecules", Leukemia 14, 419–426.
  • Sun, J.Y., Krouse, R.S., Forman, S.J., Senitzer, D., Sniecinski, I., Chatterjee, S. and Wong, K.K., Jr (2002) "hnmunogenicity of a p210(BCR-ABL) fusion domain candidate DNA vaccine targeted to dendritic cells by a recombinant adeno-associated virus vector in vitro", Cancer Res. 62, 3175–3183.
  • Bendandi, M. (2000) "Anti-idiotype vaccines for human follicular lymphoma", Leukemia 14, 1333–1339.
  • Barrios, Y., Cabrera, R., Yanez, R., Briz, M., Plaza, A., Fores, R., Fernandez, MN. and Diaz-Espada, F. (2002) "Anti-idiotypic vaccination in the treatment of low-grade B-cell lymphoma", Haematologica 87, 400–407.
  • Ruffini, RA., Neelapu, S.S., Kwak, LW. and Biragyn, A. (2002) "Idiotypic vaccination for B-cell malignancies as a model for therapeutic cancer vaccines: from prototype protein to second generation vaccines", Haematologica 87, 989–1001.
  • Timmerman, J.M., Czerwinski, D.K., Davis, TA., Hsu, FL, Benike, C., Hao, Z.M., Taidi, B., Rajapaksa, R., Caspar, C.B., Okada, C.Y., Van Beckhoven, A., Liles, TM., Engleman, E.G. and Levy, R. (2002) "Idiotype-pulsed dendritic cell vaccination for B-cell lymphoma: clinical and immune responses in 35 patients", Blood 99, 1517–1526.
  • Fujimoto, J., Shiota, M., Iwahara, T., Seki, N., Satoh, H., Mori, S. and Yamamoto, T. (1996) "Characterization of the transforming activity of p80, a hyperphosphorylated protein in a Ki-1 lymphoma cell line with chromosomal translocation t(2;5)", Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 93, 4181–4186.
  • Bischof, D., Pulford, K., Mason, D.Y. and Morris, S.W. (1997) "Role of the nucleophosmin (NPM) portion of the non-Hodgkin's lymphoma-associated NPM-anaplastic lymphoma kinase fusion protein in oncogenesis", Mol. Cell Biol. 17, 2312–2325.
  • Bai, R.Y., Dieter, P., Peschel, C., Morris, S.W. and Duyster, J. (1998) "Nucleophosmin-anaplastic lymphoma kinase of large-cell anaplastic lymphoma is a constitutively active tyrosine kinase that utilizes phospholipase C-gamma to mediate its mitogenicity", Mol. Cell Biol. 18, 6951— 6961.
  • Chiarle, R., Jz, J.G., Guasparri, I., Pesci, A., Cai, H., Liu, J., Simmons, W.J., Dhall, G., Howes, J., Piva, R. and Inghirami, G.G. (2003) "NPM-ALK transgenic mice spontaneously develop T-cell lymphomas and plasma cell tumors", Blood 10, 1919–1927.
  • Passoni, L., Scardino, A., Bertazzoli, C., Gallo, B., Coluccia, A.M., Lemonnier, F.A., Kosmatopoulos, K. and Gambacorti-Passerini, C. (2002) "ALK as a novel lymphoma-associated tumor antigen: identification of 2 HLA-A2.1-restricted CD8+ T-cell epitopes", Blood 99, 2100–2106.
  • Pulford, K., Falini, B., Banham, A.H., Codrington, D., Roberton, H., Hatton, C. and Mason, D.Y. (2000) "Immune response to the ALK oncogenic tyrosine kinase in patients with anaplastic large-cell lymphoma", Blood 96, 1605–1607.
  • Pulford, K., Roberton, H., Banham, A.H., Hatton, C.S. and Mason, D.Y. (2002) "Immunochemical studies of antigenic lymphoma-associated proteins", Br. J. HaematoL 116, 135–1341.
  • Hutchison, R.E., Banki, K., Shuster, J.J., Barrett, D., Dieck, C., Berard, C.W., Murphy, S.B., Link, my., Pick, T.E., Laver, J., Schwenn, M., Mathew, P. and Morris, S.W. (1997) "Use of an anti-ALK antibody in the characterization of anaplastic large-cell lymphoma of childhood", Ann. Oncol. 8\(Suppl. 1), 37–42.
  • Bendandi, M., Gocke, C.D., Kobrin, C.B., Benko, EA., Sternas, L.A., Pennington, R., Watson, T.M., Reynolds, C.W., Gause, B.L., Duffey, EL., Jaffe, ES., Creekmore, S.P., Lango, D.L. and Kwak, L.W. (1999) "Complete molecular remissions induced by patient-specific vaccination plus granulocyte-monocyte colony-stimulating factor against lymphoma", Nat. Med. 5, 1171–1177.
  • Mocellin, S., Rossi, CR., Lise, M. and Marincola, F.M. (2002) "Adjuvant immunotherapy for solid tumors: from promise to clinical application", Cancer Immunol. Immunother 51, 583–595.
  • Lamant, L., Pulford, K., Bischof, D., Morris, S.W., Mason, D.Y., Delsol, G. and Madame, B. (2000) "Expression of the ALK tyrosine kinase gene in neuroblastoma", Am. J. PathoL 156, 1711–1721.
  • Dirks, W.G., Fahnrich, S., Lis, Y, Becker, E., Macleod, R.A. and Drexler, H.G. (2002) "Expression and functional analysis of the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene in tumor cell lines", Int. J. Cancer 100, 49–56.
  • Powers, C., Aigner, A., Stoica, G.E., Mcdonnell, K. and Wellstein, A. (2002) "Pleiotrophin signaling through anaplastic lymphoma kinase is rate-limiting for glioblastoma growth", J. Biol. Chem. 227, 14153–14158.
  • Griffin, CA., Hawkins, AL., Dvorak, C., Henkle, C., Effingham, T. and Perlman, E.J. (1999) "Recurrent involvement of 2p23 in inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors", Cancer Res. 59, 2776–2780.
  • Lawrence, B., Perez-Atayde, A., Hibbard, M.K., Rubin, BE, Dal Cin, P., Pinkus, J.L., Pinkus, G.S., Xiao, S., Yi, ES., Fletcher, CD. and Fletcher, J.A. (2000) "TPM3-ALK and TPM4-ALK oncogenes in inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors", Am. J. PathoL 157, 377–384.
  • Cessna, M.H., Thou, H., Sanger, W.G., Perkins, S.L., Tripp, S., Pickering, D., Daines, C. and Coffin, C.M. (2002) "Expression of ALK1 and p80 in inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor and its mesenchymal mimics: a study of 135 cases", Mod. Pathol. 15, 931–938.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.