Bcl-2 and c-Myc co-operate in the Epstein – Barr virus-immortalized human B-cell line GM607 but do not confer tumorigenicity

REFERENCES

• Rowley JD. The Philadelphia chromosome translocation. A paradigm for understanding leukemia. Cancer 1990;65: 2178–2184.
   Google Scholar
• Kluck RM, Bossy-Wetzel E, Green DR, Newmeyer DD. The release of cytochrome c from mitochondria: a primary site for Bc1-2 regulation of apoptosis. Science 1997;275:1132–1136.
   Google Scholar
• Vairo G, Innes KM, Adams JM. Bc1-2 has a cell cycle inhibitory function separable from its enhancement of cell survival. Oncogene 1996;13: 1511–1519.
   Google Scholar
• Vaux DL, Cory S, Adams JM. Bc1-2 gene promotes haemopoietic cell survival and co-operates with c-myc to immortalize pre-B cells. Nature 1988;335: 440–442.
   Google Scholar
• Miyashita T, Reed JC. Bc1-2 oncoprotein blocks chemother-apy-induced apoptosis in a human leukemia cell line. Blood 1993;81:151–157.
   Google Scholar
• Reed JC. Bc1-2 and the regulation of programmed cell death. J Cell Biol 1994;124:1–6.
   Google Scholar
• Saxena RK, Collins GD, Chrest JF, Alder WH. Bc1-2 transfection protects Hut78 cell line from different types of cytotoxic effector cells. Immunol Lett 1996;52:95–98.
   Google Scholar
• McDonnell TJ, Deane N, Platt FM, Nunez G, Jaeger U, McKearn JP, Korsemeyer SJ. bc1-2-immunoglobulin trans-genic mice demonstrate extended B cell survival and follicular lymphoproliferation. Cell 1989;57: 79–88.
   Google Scholar
• McDonnell TJ, Nunez G, Platt FM, Hockenberry D, LondonL, McKearn JP, Korsmeyer SJ. Deregulated Bc1-2 immuno-globulin transgene expands a resting but responsive immunoglobulin M and D-expressing B-cell population. Mol Cell Biol 1990;10: 1901–1907.
   Google Scholar
• Hockenbery D, Nunez G, Milliman C, Schreiber RD, Korsmeyer SJ. Bc1-2 is an inner mitochondrial membrane protein that blocks programmed cell death. Nature 1990;348: 334–336.
   Google Scholar
• Reed JC, Jurgensmeier JM, Matsuyama S. Bc1-2 family proteins and mitochondria. Biochem Biophys Acta 1998; 1366:127–137.
   Google Scholar
• Nunez G, Seto M, Seremetis S, Ferrero D, Grignani F, Korsmeyer SJ, Dalla-Favera R. Growth- and tumor-promot-ing effects of deregulated BCL2 in human B-lymphoblastoid cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1989;86: 4589–4593.
   Google Scholar
• McDonnell TJ, Korsmeyer SJ. Progression from lymphoid hyperplasia to high-grade malignant lymphoma in mice transgenic for the t(14;18). Nature 1991;349:254–256.
   Google Scholar
• Liu Y, Hernadez AM, Shibata D, Cortopassi GA. BCL2 translocation frequency rises with age in humans. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1994;91:8910–8914.
   Google Scholar
• Delage R, Roy J, Jacques L, Bernier V, Delage JM, Darveau A. Multiple bc1-2/Ig gene rearrangements in persistent polyclonal B-cell lymphocytosis. Br J Haematol 1997;97: 589–595.
   Google Scholar
• Hotchin NA, Allday MJ, Crawford DH. Deregulated c-myc expression in Epstein-Barr-virus-immortalized B-cells induces altered growth properties and surface phenotype but not tumorigenicity. Int J Cancer 1990;45:566–571.
   Google Scholar
• Strasser A, Harris AW, Bath ML, Cory S. Novel primitive lymphoid tumours induced in transgenic mice by cooperation between myc and bc1-2. Nature 1990;348:331–333.
   Google Scholar
• Askew DS, Ashmun RA, Simmons BC, Cleveland JL. Constitutive c-myc expression in an IL-3-dependent myeloid cell line suppresses cell cycle arrest and accelerates apoptosis. Oncogene 19916:1915-1922.
   Google Scholar
• Evan GI, Wyllie AH, Gilbert CS, Littlewood TD, Land H, Brooks M, Waters CM, Penn LZ, Hancock DC. Induction of apoptosis in fibroblasts by c-myc protein. Cell 1992;69:119–128.
   Google Scholar
• Fanidi A, Harringtonm EA, Evan GI. Co-operative interaction between c-myc and bc1-2 proto-oncogenes. Nature 1992;359: 554–556.
   Google Scholar
• Alarcon RM, Rupnow BA, Graeber TG, Knox SJ, Giaccia AJ. Modulation of c-Myc activity and apoptosis in vivo. Cancer Res 1996;56:4315–4319.
   Google Scholar
• Blyth K, Stewart M, Bell M, James C, Evan G, Neil JC, Cameron ER Sensitivity to myc-induced apoptosis is retained in spontaneous and transplanted lymphomas of CD2-mycER mice. Oncogene 2000;19:773–782.
   Google Scholar
• Strasser A, O'Connor L, Huang DC, O'Reilly LA, Stanley ML, Bath ML, Adams JM, Cory S, Harris AW. Lessons from bc1-2 transgenic mice for immunology, cancer biology and cell death research. Behr Inst Mitt 1996;97:101–117.
   Google Scholar
• Allday MJ, Sinclair A, Parker G, Crawford DH, Farrell PJ. Epstein-Barr virus efficiently immortalizes human B cells without neutralising the function of p53. EMBO J 1995; 14:1382–1391.
   Google Scholar
• Piovesan B, Pennell N, Berinstein NL. Human lymphoblas-toid cell lines expressing mutant p53 exhibit decreased sensitivity to cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity. Oncogene 1998;17: 2339–2350.
   Google Scholar
• Albritton LM, Tseng L, Scadden D, Cunningham JM. A putative murine ecotropic retrovirus receptor gene encodes a multiple membrane spanning protein and confers suscept-ibility to virus infection. Cell 1989;57:659–666.
   Google Scholar
• Oster SK, Marhin WW, Asker C, Facchini LM, Dion PA, Funa K, Post M, Sedivy JM, Penn LZ. Myc is an essential negative regulator of platelet derived growth factor beta receptor expression. Mol Cell Biol 2000;20:6768–6778.
   Google Scholar
• Farrugia MM, Duan LJ, Reis MD, Ngan BY, Berinstein NL. Alterations of the p53 tumor suppressor gene in diffuse large cell lymphomas with translocations of the c-MYC and BCL-2 proto-oncogenes. Blood 1994;83: 191–198.
   Google Scholar
• Chang H, Blondal JA, Benchimol S, Minden MD, Messner HA. p53 mutations, c-myc and bc1-2 rearrangements in human non-Hodgkin's lymphoma cell lines. Leukemia Lym-phoma 1995;19: 165–171.
   Google Scholar
• Smith HS, Scher CD. Cell division in medium lacking serum growth factor: comparison of lines transformed by different agents. Nature 1971;232:558–559.
   Google Scholar
• Graninger WB, Seto M, Boutain B, Goldman P, Korsmeyer SJ. Expression of Bc1-2 and Bc1-2-Ig fusion transcripts in normal and neoplastic cells. J Chin Invest 1987;80: 1512–1515.
   Google Scholar
• Jack AS, Kerr IB, Evan G, Lee FD. The distribution of the c-myc oncogene product in malignant lymphomas and various normal tissues as demonstrated by immunocytochemistry. Br J Cancer 1986;53:713–719.
   Google Scholar
• Hamburger AW, Salmon SE, Kim MB, Trent JM, Soehnlen BJ, Alberts DS, Schmidt HJ. Direct cloning of human ovarian carcinoma cells in agar. Cancer Res 1978;38:3438–3444.
   Google Scholar
• Yuhas JM, Tarleton AE, Molzen KB. Multicellular tumor spheroid formation by breast cancer cells isolated from different sites. Cancer Res 1978;38:2486–2491.
   Google Scholar
• Screaton RA, Penn LZ, Stanners CP. Carcinoembryonic antigen, a human tumor marker, co-operates with Myc and Bc1-2 in cellular transformation. J Cell Biol 1997;137: 939–952.
   Google Scholar
• Marin MC, Hsu B, Stephens LC, Brisbay S, McDonnell TJ. The functional basis of c-myc and bc1-2 complementation during multistep lymphomagenesis in vivo. Exp Cell Res 1995;217: 240–247.
   Google Scholar
• Zornig M, Busch G, Beneke R, Gulbins E, Lang F, Ma A, Korsmeyer S, Moroy T. Survival and death of prelymphoma-tous B-cells from N-myc/bc1-2 double transgenic mice correlates with the regulation of intracellular Ca2 + fluxes. Oncogene 1995;11:2165–2174.
   Google Scholar
• Lombardi L, Newcomb EW, Dalla-Favera R. Pathogenesis of Burkitt lymphoma: expression of an activated c-myc oncogene causes the tumourigenic conversion of EBV-infected human B lymphoblasts. Cell 1987;49:161–170.
   Google Scholar
• Renan MJ. How many mutations are required for tumour-igenesis? Implications from human cancer data. Mol Carcinogen 1993;7:139–146.
   Google Scholar
• Hahn WC, Weinberg RA. Modelling the molecular circuitry of cancer. Nature Rev Cancer 2002;2:331–341.
   Google Scholar
• Bissonnette RP, Echeverri F, Mahboubi A, Green DR Apoptotic cell death induced by c-myc is inhibited by bc1-2. Nature 1992;359:552–554.
   Google Scholar
• Trudel M, Lanoix J, Barisoni L. C-myc-induced apoptosis in polycystic kidney disease is Bc1-2 and p53 independent. J Exp Med 1997;186: 1873–1874.
   Google Scholar
• Chen YQ, Hsieh JT, Yao F, Fang B, Pong RC, Cipriano SC, Krepulat F. Induction of apoptosis and G2/M cell cycle arrest by DCC. Oncogene 1999;18: 2747–2754.
   Google Scholar
• Hsu B, Main MC, McDonnell TJ. Cell death regulation during multistep lymphomagenesis. Cancer Lett 1995;94: 17–23.
   Google Scholar