Phase II study of low-grade non-Hodgkin lymphomas with fludarabine and mitoxantrone followed by rituximab consolidation: Promising results in marginal zone lymphoma

References

• Horning S J. Natural history of and therapy for the indolent non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Semin Oncol 1993; 20: 75–88
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Forstpointner R, Dreyling M, Repp R, Hermann S, Hanel A, Metzner B, et al. The addition of rituximab to a combination of fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, mitoxantrone (FCM) significantly increases the response rate and prolongs survival as compared with FCM alone in patients with relapsed and refractory follicular and mantle cell lymphomas: results of a prospective randomized study of the German Low-Grade Lymphoma Study Group. Blood 2004; 104: 3064–3071
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herold M, Haas A, Srock S, Neser S, Al-Aki K H, Neubauer A, et al. Rituximab added to first-line mitoxantrone, chlorambucil, and prednisolone chemotherapy followed by interferon maintenance prolongs survival in patients with advanced follicular lymphoma: an East German Study Group Hematology and Oncology Study. J Clin Oncol 2007; 25: 1986–1992
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horning S J. Follicular lymphoma: have we made any progress?. Ann Oncol 2000; 11(Suppl 1)23–27
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lister T A. The management of follicular lymphoma. Ann Oncol 1991; 2(Suppl 2)131–135
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rambaldi A, Lazzari M, Manzoni C, Carlotti E, Arcaini L, Baccarani, et al. Monitoring of minimal residual disease after CHOP and rituximab in previously untreated patients with follicular lymphoma. Blood 2002; 99: 856–862
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McLaughlin P, Grillo-Lopez A J, Link B K, Levy R, Czuczman M S, Williams M E, et al. Rituximab chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody therapy for relapsed indolent lymphoma: half of patients respond to a four-dose treatment program. J Clin Oncol 1998; 16: 2825–2833
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Colombat P, Salles G, Brousse N, Eftekhari P, Soubeyran P, Delwail V, et al. Rituximab (anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody) as single first-line therapy for patients with follicular lymphoma with a low tumor burden: clinical and molecular evaluation. Blood 2001; 97: 101–106
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Economopoulos T, Fountzilas G, Pavlidis N, Kalantzis D, Papageorgiou E, Christodoulou C, et al. Rituximab in combination with CNOP chemotherapy in patients with previously untreated indolent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Hematol J 2003; 4: 110–115
   Google Scholar
• Czuczman M S, Grillo-Lopez A J, White C A, Saleh M, Gordon L, LoBuglio A F, et al. Treatment of patients with low-grade B-cell lymphoma with the combination of chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody and CHOP chemotherapy. J Clin Oncol 1999; 17: 268–276
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davis T A, Grillo-Lopez A J, White C A, McLaughlin P, Czuczman M S, Link B K, et al. Rituximab anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody therapy in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: safety and efficacy of re-treatment. J Clin Oncol 2000; 18: 3135–3143
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hiddemann W, Kneba M, Dreyling M, Schmitz N, Lengfelder E, Schmits R, et al. Frontline therapy with rituximab added to the combination of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP) significantly improves the outcome for patients with advanced-stage follicular lymphoma compared with therapy with CHOP alone: results of a prospective randomized study of the German Low-Grade Lymphoma Study Group. Blood 2005; 106: 3725–3732
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marcus R, Imrie K, Belch A, Cunningham D, Flores E, Catalano J, et al. CVP chemotherapy plus rituximab compared with CVP as first-line treatment for advanced follicular lymphoma. Blood 2005; 105: 1417–1423
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herold M, Dolken G, Fiedler F, Franke A, Freund M, Helbig W, et al. Randomized phase III study for the treatment of advanced indolent non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) and mantle cell lymphoma: chemotherapy versus chemotherapy plus rituximab. Ann Hematol 2003; 82: 77–79
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lenz G, Dreyling M, Hoster E, Wormann B, Duhrsen U, Metzner B, et al. Immunochemotherapy with rituximab and cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone significantly improves response and time to treatment failure, but not long-term outcome in patients with previously untreated mantle cell lymphoma: results of a prospective randomized trial of the German Low Grade Lymphoma Study Group (GLSG). J Clin Oncol 2005; 23: 1984–1992
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schulz H, Skoetz N, Bohlius J, Treller S, Kober T, Greb A, et al. Does combined immunochemotherapy with the monoclonal antibody rituximab improve overall survival in the treatment of patients with indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma? Preliminary results of a comprehensive meta-analysis. Blood 2005, ed 11: 350
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmitt C, Grundt A, Buchholtz C, Scheuer L, Benner A, Hensel M, et al. One single dose of rituximab added to a standard regimen of CHOP in primary treatment of follicular lymphoma appears to result in a high clearance rate from circulating bcl-2/IgH positive cells: is the end of molecular monitoring near?. Leuk Res 2006; 30: 1563–1568
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dimopoulos M A, Fountzilas G, Papageorgiou E, Kiamouris C, Mantzios G, Anagnostopoulos A, et al. Primary treatment of low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with the combination of fludarabine and mitoxantrone: a phase II study of the Hellenic Cooperative Oncology Group. Leuk Lymphoma 2002; 43: 111–114
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seymour J F, Grigg A P, Szer J, Fox R M. Fludarabine and mitoxantrone: effective and well-tolerated salvage therapy in relapsed indolent lymphoproliferative disorders. Ann Oncol 2001; 12: 1455–1460
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zinzani P L, Magagnoli M, Bendandi M, Gherlinzoni F, Orcioni G F, Cellini C, et al. Efficacy of fludarabine and mitoxantrone (FN) combination regimen in untreated indolent non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Ann Oncol 2000; 11: 363–365
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zinzani P L, Pulsoni A, Perrotti A, Soverini S, Zaja F, De Renzo A, et al. Fludarabine plus mitoxantrone with and without rituximab versus CHOP with and without rituximab as front-line treatment for patients with follicular lymphoma. J Clin Oncol 2004; 22: 2654–2661
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheson B D, Horning S J, Coiffier B, Shipp M A, Fisher R I, Connors J M, et al. Report of an international workshop to standardize response criteria for non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. NCI Sponsored International Working Group. J Clin Oncol 1999; 17: 1244
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hagemeister F, Cabanillas F, Coleman M, Grecory S A, Zinzani P L. The role of mitoxantrone in the treatment of indolent lymphomas. Oncologist 2005; 10: 150–159
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foussard C, Colombat P, Maisonneuve H, Berthou C, Gressin R, Rousselet M C, et al. Long-term follow-up of a randomized trial of fludarabine-mitoxantrone, compared with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vindesine, prednisone (CHVP), as first-line treatment of elderly patients with advanced, low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma before the era of monoclonal antibodies. Ann Oncol 2005; 16: 466–472
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ghielmini M, Schmitz S F, Cogliatti S B, Pichert G, Hummerjohann J, Waltzer U, et al. Prolonged treatment with rituximab in patients with follicular lymphoma significantly increases event-free survival and response duration compared with the standard weekly×4 schedule. Blood 2004; 103: 4416–4423
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hochster H S, Weller E, Gascoyne R, Teodorovic I, Rosewics C, Klasa R, et al. Maintenance rituximab after CVP results in superior clinical outcome in advanced follicular lymphoma (FL): results of the E1496 phase III trial from the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group and the Cancer and Leukemia Group B. Blood 2005, ed 11: 353
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hainsworth J D, Litchy S, Shaffer D W, Lackey V L, Grimaldi M, Greco F A. Maximizing therapeutic benefit of rituximab: maintenance therapy versus re-treatment at progression in patients with indolent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma – a randomized phase II trial of the Minnie Pearl Cancer Research Network. J Clin Oncol 2005; 23: 1088–1095
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Oers M H, Klasa R, Marcus R E, Wolf M, Kimby E, Gascoyne R D, et al. Rituximab maintenance improves clinical outcome of relapsed/resistant follicular non-Hodgkin lymphoma in patients both with and without rituximab during induction: results of a prospective randomized phase 3 intergroup trial. Blood 2006; 108: 3295–3301
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Forstpointner R, Unterhalt M, Dreyling M, Bock H P, Repp R, Wandt H, et al. Maintenance therapy with rituximab leads to a significant prolongation of response duration after salvage therapy with a combination of rituximab, fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and mitoxantrone (R-FCM) in patients with recurring and refractory follicular and mantle cell lymphomas: results of a prospective randomized study of the German Low Grade Lymphoma Study Group (GLSG). Blood 2006; 108: 4003–4008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar