References
- Ludwig H, Novis Durie S, Meckl A, et al. Multiple myeloma incidence and mortality around the globe; interrelations between health access and quality, economic resources, and patient empowerment. Oncologist. 2020;25(9):e1406–e1413.
- Cancer Stat Facts: Myeloma. National Cancer Institute: Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program; [updated 2022 Mar 23; cited 2022 Aug 25]. Available from: https://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/mulmy.html
- Mateos MV, San Miguel JF. How should we treat newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients? Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program. 2013;2013:488–495.
- Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A. Cancer Statistics, 2020. CA A Cancer J Clin. 2020;70(1):7–30.
- Kumar SK, Dispenzieri A, Lacy MQ, et al. Continued improvement in survival in multiple myeloma: changes in early mortality and outcomes in older patients. Leukemia. 2014;28(5):1122–1128.
- Kumar SK, Callander NS, Hillengass J, et al. NCCN guidelines insights: multiple myeloma, version 1.2020. J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 2019;17(10):1154–1165.
- Burwick N, Sharma S. Glucocorticoids in multiple myeloma: past, present, and future. Ann Hematol. 2019;98(1):19–28.
- Richardson PG, Kumar S, Laubach JP, et al. New developments in the management of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma – the role of ixazomib. J Blood Med. 2017;8:107–121.
- Greipp PR, San Miguel J, Durie BG, et al. International Staging System for multiple myeloma. J Clin Oncol. 2005;23(15):3412–3420.
- Moreau P, Cavo M, Sonneveld P, et al. Combination of international scoring system 3, high lactate dehydrogenase, and t(4;14) and/or del(17p) identifies patients with multiple myeloma (MM) treated with front-line autologous stem-cell transplantation at high risk of early MM progression-related death. J Clin Oncol. 2014;32(20):2173–2180.
- Palumbo A, Avet-Loiseau H, Oliva S, et al. Revised International Staging System for multiple myeloma: a report from International Myeloma Working Group. J Clin Oncol. 2015;33(26):2863–2869.
- Mikhael JR, Dingli D, Roy V, et al. Management of newly diagnosed symptomatic multiple myeloma: updated Mayo Stratification of Myeloma and Risk-Adapted therapy (mSMART) consensus guidelines 2013. Mayo Clin Proc. 2013;88(4):360–376.
- González-Calle V, Slack A, Keane N, et al. Evaluation of Revised International Staging System (R-ISS) for transplant-eligible multiple myeloma patients. Ann Hematol. 2018;97(8):1453–1462.
- Jimenez-Zepeda VH, Duggan P, Neri P, et al. Revised International Staging System applied to real world multiple myeloma patients. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 2016;16(9):511–518.
- Kastritis E, Terpos E, Roussou M, et al. Evaluation of the revised International Staging System in an independent cohort of unselected patients with multiple myeloma. Haematologica. 2017;102(3):593–599.
- Richardson PG, San Miguel JF, Moreau P, et al. Interpreting clinical trial data in multiple myeloma: translating findings to the real-world setting. Blood Cancer J. 2018;8(11):109.
- Levey AS, Stevens LA, Schmid CH, et al. A new equation to estimate glomerular filtration rate. Ann Intern Med. 2009;150(9):604–612.
- Moreau P, San Miguel J, Sonneveld P, et al. Multiple myeloma: ESMO clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2017;28(Suppl. 4):iv52–iv61.
- Callander NS, Baljevic M, Adekola K, et al. NCCN Guidelines® insights: multiple myeloma, version 3.2022: featured updates to the NCCN guidelines. J Natl Comprehens Cancer Netw. 2022;20(1):8–19.
- Kyle RA, Gertz MA, Witzig TE, et al. Review of 1027 patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. Mayo Clin Proc. 2003;78(1):21–33.
- Kim SJ, Kim K, Kim BS, et al. Clinical features and survival outcomes in patients with multiple myeloma: analysis of web-based data from the Korean Myeloma Registry. Acta Haematol. 2009;122(4):200–210.
- Kim K, Lee JH, Kim JS, et al. Clinical profiles of multiple myeloma in Asia—an Asian Myeloma Network Study. Am J Hematol. 2014;89(7):751–756.
- Rifkin RM, Abonour R, Terebelo H, et al. Connect MM registry: the importance of establishing baseline disease characteristics. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 2015;15(6):368–376.
- Rajkumar SV. Multiple myeloma: 2018 update on diagnosis, risk‐stratification, and management. Am J Hematol. 2018;93(8):981–1114.
- Zagouri F, Kastritis E, Zomas A, et al. Hypercalcemia remains an adverse prognostic factor for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients in the era of novel antimyeloma therapies. Eur J Haematol. 2017;99(5):409–414.
- Bao L, Wang Y, Lu M, et al. Hypercalcemia caused by humoral effects and bone damage indicate poor outcomes in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients. Cancer Med. 2020;9(23):8962–8969.
- Liu L, Yu Z, Cheng H, et al. Multiple myeloma hinders erythropoiesis and causes anaemia owing to high levels of CCL3 in the bone marrow microenvironment. Sci Rep. 2020;10(1):20508.
- Dimopoulos MA, Kastritis E, Rosinol L, et al. Pathogenesis and treatment of renal failure in multiple myeloma. Leukemia. 2008;22(8):1485–1493.
- Perazella MA, Markowitz GS. Bisphosphonate nephrotoxicity. Kidney Int. 2008;74(11):1385–1393.
- Block GA, Bone HG, Fang L, et al. A single-dose study of denosumab in patients with various degrees of renal impairment. J Bone Miner Res. 2012;27(7):1471–1479.
- Ito S. Proteasome inhibitors for the treatment of multiple myeloma. Cancers. 2020;12(2):265.
- Cazaubiel T, Mulas O, Montes L, et al. Risk and response-adapted treatment in multiple myeloma. Cancers. 2020;12(12):3497.
- Gay F, Mina R, Rota-Scalabrini D, et al. Carfilzomib-based induction/consolidation with or without autologous transplant (ASCT) followed by lenalidomide (R) or carfilzomib-lenalidomide (KR) maintenance: efficacy in high-risk patients. J Clin Oncol. 2021;39(15 Suppl.):8002.
- Lakshman A, Singh PP, Rajkumar SV, et al. Efficacy of VDT PACE-like regimens in treatment of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. Am J Hematol. 2018;93(2):179–186.
- Ozaki S, Handa H, Saitoh T, et al. Evaluation of the Revised International Staging System (R-ISS) in Japanese patients with multiple myeloma. Ann Hematol. 2019;98(7):1703–1711.
- Cho H, Yoon DH, Lee JB, et al. Comprehensive evaluation of the Revised International Staging System in multiple myeloma patients treated with novel agents as a primary therapy. Am J Hematol. 2017;92(12):1280–1286.