1,758
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Carfilzomib, daratumumab, and dexamethasone (KdD) vs. lenalidomide-sparing pomalidomide-containing triplet regimens for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma: an indirect treatment comparison

, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, , , , , & show all
Pages 481-492 | Received 14 Aug 2023, Accepted 23 Dec 2023, Published online: 12 Feb 2024

References

  • Rajkumar SJ. Multiple myeloma: 2018 update on diagnosis, risk-stratification, and management. Am J Hematol. 2018; 93(8):981–1114.
  • Cancer.net. Multiple Myeloma: statistics. 2023 [May 2023].
  • International Agency for Research on Cancer. Multiple myeloma (Source: globocan 2020) 2020 May 2023]. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today/data/factsheets/cancers/35-Multiple-myeloma-fact-sheet.pdf.
  • National Cancer Institute. Cancer Stat Facts: myeloma November 2022]. Available from: https://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/mulmy.html.
  • Durie B. Concise review of the disease and treatment options: multiple myeloma. North Hollywood: International Myeloma Foundation (IMF) 2018 October 2022]. Available from: https://imf-d8-prod.s3.us-west-1.wasabisys.com/resource/ConciseReview.pdf.
  • Palumbo A, Anderson K. Multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med. 2011;364(11):1046–1060. doi:10.1056/NEJMra1011442
  • Multiple Myeloma Research Foundation. Multiple myeloma disease overview. 2017. Available from: https://themmrf.org/multiple-myeloma/.
  • Jakubowiak AJ. Novel therapies for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma: how can we improve on "salvage" therapy?–introduction. Semin Hematol. 2012;49 Suppl 1(Suppl 1): S1–S2. doi:10.1053/j.seminhematol.2012.05.002
  • Yong K, Delforge M, Driessen C, et al. Multiple myeloma: patient outcomes in real-world practice. Br J Haematol. 2016; 175(2):252–264. doi:10.1111/bjh.14213
  • Fonseca R, Abouzaid S, Bonafede M, et al. Trends in overall survival and costs of multiple myeloma, 2000-2014. Leukemia. 2017; 31(9):1915–1921. doi:10.1038/leu.2016.380
  • Holstein SA, Suman VJ, McCarthy PL. Update on the role of lenalidomide in patients with multiple myeloma. Ther Adv Hematol. 2018; 9(7):175–190. doi:10.1177/2040620718775629
  • Dimopoulos M, Quach H, Mateos MV, et al. Carfilzomib, dexamethasone, and daratumumab versus carfilzomib and dexamethasone for patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (CANDOR): results from a randomised, multicentre, open-label, phase 3 study. Lancet. 2020; 396(10245):186–197. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30734-0
  • Usmani SZ, Quach H, Mateos MV, et al. Carfilzomib, dexamethasone, and daratumumab versus carfilzomib and dexamethasone for patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (CANDOR): updated outcomes from a randomised, multicentre, open-label, phase 3 study. Lancet Oncol. 2022; Jan23(1):65–76. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(21)00579-9
  • Dimopoulos MA, Terpos E, Boccadoro M, et al. Daratumumab plus pomalidomide and dexamethasone versus pomalidomide and dexamethasone alone in previously treated multiple myeloma (APOLLO): an open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2021; 22(6):801–812. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(21)00128-5
  • Dimopoulos MA, Oriol A, Nahi H, et al. Overall survival with daratumumab, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone in previously treated multiple myeloma (POLLUX): a randomized, open-label, phase III trial. J Clin Oncol. 2023; 41(8):1590–1599. doi:10.1200/JCO.22.00940
  • Moreau P, Dimopoulos MA, Mikhael J, et al. Isatuximab, carfilzomib, and dexamethasone in relapsed multiple myeloma (IKEMA): a multicentre, open-label, randomised phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2021;397(10292):2361–2371. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00592-4
  • Palumbo A, Chanan-Khan A, Weisel K, et al. Daratumumab, bortezomib, and dexamethasone for multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med. 2016; 375(8):754–766. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1606038
  • Usmani SZ, Quach H, Mateos MV, et al. Final analysis of carfilzomib, dexamethasone, and daratumumab versus carfilzomib and dexamethasone in the CANDOR study. Blood Adv. 2023,Jul 25;7(14):3739–3748. doi: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023010026
  • Spencer A, Lentzsch S, Weisel K, et al. Daratumumab plus bortezomib and dexamethasone versus bortezomib and dexamethasone in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: updated analysis of CASTOR. Haematologica. 2018;103(12):2079–2087. doi:10.3324/haematol.2018.194118
  • Mateos MV, Sonneveld P, Hungria V, et al. Daratumumab, bortezomib, and dexamethasone versus bortezomib and dexamethasone in patients with previously treated multiple myeloma: three-year follow-up of CASTOR. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 2020; 20(8):509–518. doi:10.1016/j.clml.2019.09.623
  • Sonneveld P, Chanan-Khan A, Weisel K, et al. Overall survival with daratumumab, bortezomib, and dexamethasone in previously treated multiple myeloma (CASTOR): a randomized, open-label, phase III trial. J Clin Oncol. 202341(8):1600–1609. doi:10.1200/JCO.21.02734
  • Bahlis NJ, Dimopoulos MA, White DJ, et al. Daratumumab plus lenalidomide and dexamethasone in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma: extended follow-up of POLLUX, a randomized, open-label, phase 3 study. Leukemia. 2020;34(7):1875–1884. doi:10.1038/s41375-020-0711-6
  • Martin T, Dimopoulos MA, Mikhael J, et al. Isatuximab, carfilzomib, and dexamethasone in patients with relapsed multiple myeloma: updated results from IKEMA, a randomized phase 3 study. Blood Cancer J. 2023; 13(1):72. doi:10.1038/s41408-023-00797-8
  • Martin T, Mikhael J, Hajek R, et al. Depth of response and response kinetics of isatuximab plus carfilzomib and dexamethasone in relapsed multiple myeloma. Blood Adv. 2022;6(15):4506–4515. doi:10.1182/bloodadvances.2021006713
  • Dimopoulos MA, Oriol A, Nahi H, et al. Daratumumab, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone for multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med. 2016; 375(14):1319–1331. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1607751
  • Dimopoulos MA, San-Miguel J, Belch A, et al. Daratumumab plus lenalidomide and dexamethasone versus lenalidomide and dexamethasone in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: updated analysis of POLLUX. Haematologica. 2018; 103(12):2088–2096. doi:10.3324/haematol.2018.194282
  • Leukemia & Lymphoma Society. Multiple myeloma: refractory and Relapsed June 2023]. Available from: https://www.lls.org/myeloma/treatment/refractory-and-relapsed.
  • Nijhof IS, van de Donk N, Zweegman S, et al. Current and new therapeutic strategies for relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma: an update. Drugs. 2018;78(1):19–37. doi:10.1007/s40265-017-0841-y
  • Dimopoulos MA, Moreau P, Terpos E, et al. Multiple myeloma: EHA-ESMO clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up(dagger). Ann Oncol. 2021; 32(3):309–322. doi:10.1016/j.annonc.2020.11.014
  • Moreau P, Kumar SK, San Miguel J, et al. Treatment of relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma: recommendations from the international myeloma working group. Lancet Oncol. 2021; 22(3):e105–e118. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30756-7
  • Moreau P, Zamagni E, Mateos MV. Treatment of patients with multiple myeloma progressing on frontline-therapy with lenalidomide. Blood Cancer J. 2019;9(4):38. doi:10.1038/s41408-019-0200-1
  • Lecat CSY, Taube JB, Wilson W, et al. Defining unmet need following lenalidomide refractoriness: real-world evidence of outcomes in patients with multiple myeloma. Front Oncol. 2021;11:703233. doi:10.3389/fonc.2021.703233
  • Touzeau C, Quignot N, Meng J, et al. Survival and treatment patterns of patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma in France - a cohort study using the French National healthcare database (SNDS). Ann Hematol. 2021;100(7):1825–1836. doi:10.1007/s00277-021-04522-y
  • Botta C, Martino EA, Conticello C, et al. Treatment of lenalidomide exposed or refractory multiple myeloma: network meta-analysis of lenalidomide-sparing regimens [opinion]. Front Oncol. 2021;11:643490. doi:10.3389/fonc.2021.643490
  • Khan ML, Stewart AK. Carfilzomib: a novel second-generation proteasome inhibitor. Future Oncol. 2011; 7(5):607–612. doi:10.2217/fon.11.42
  • European Medicines Agency. Kyprolis (carfilzomib) summary of product characteristics; 2020 [updated 2020 Jun 25] 2020 [October 2022]. Available from: https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/product-information/kyprolis-epar-product-information_en.pdfhttps://www.ema.
  • US Food and Drug Administration. KYPROLIS (carfilzomib) for injection, for intravenous use; 2020 [updated 2020 Aug] 2020 [October 2022]. Available from: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2020/202714s030lbl.pdf.
  • US Food and Drug Administration. FDA approval of Sarclisa (isatuximab-irfc) in combination with carfilzomib and dexamethasone for adult patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma who have received one to three prior lines of therapy 2021 December 2022]. Available from: https://www.fda.gov/drugs/resources-information-approved-drugs/fda-disco-burst-edition-fda-approval-sarclisa-isatuximab-irfc-combination-carfilzomib-and.
  • European Medicines Agency. SARCLISA (isatuximab) Summary of Product Characteristics December 2022]. Available from: https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/product-information/sarclisa-epar-product-information_en.pdf.
  • Lacy MQ, McCurdy AR. Pomalidomide. Blood. 2013; 2013/10/03/122(14):2305–2309. doi:10.1182/blood-2013-05-484782
  • Fotiou D, Gavriatopoulou M, Terpos E, et al. Pomalidomide- and dexamethasone-based regimens in the treatment of refractory/relapsed multiple myeloma. Ther Adv Hematol. 2022;13:20406207221090089. doi:10.1177/20406207221090089
  • Paludo J, Mikhael JR, LaPlant BR, et al. Pomalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone for patients with relapsed lenalidomide-refractory multiple myeloma. Blood. 2017;130(10):1198–1204. doi:10.1182/blood-2017-05-782961
  • Mark T, Falkenstein A, Kish J. Real-world outcomes of pomalidomide therapy after lenalidomide induction in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. Future Oncol. 2021; 18(5):553–564. doi:10.2217/fon-2021-1176
  • Jagannath S, Abonour R, Durie BGM, et al. Heterogeneity of second-line treatment for patients with multiple myeloma in the connect MM registry (2010-2016). Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 2018;18(7):480–485 e3. doi:10.1016/j.clml.2018.04.007
  • Richardson PG, Oriol A, Beksac M, et al. Pomalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone for patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma previously treated with lenalidomide (OPTIMISMM): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2019; 20(6):781–794. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(19)30152-4
  • Laws A, Kendall R, Hawkins N. A comparison of national guidelines for network meta-analysis. Value Health. 2014;17(5):642–654. doi:10.1016/j.jval.2014.06.001
  • Cope S, Toor K, Popoff E, et al. Critical appraisal of published indirect comparisons and network meta-analyses of competing interventions for multiple myeloma. Value Health. 2020; 23(4):441–450. doi:10.1016/j.jval.2019.11.003
  • Majer I, van de Wetering G, Polanyi Z, et al. Panobinostat plus bortezomib versus lenalidomide in patients with relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma: a matching-adjusted indirect treatment comparison of survival outcomes using patient-level data. Appl Health Econ Health Policy. 2017; 15(1):45–55. doi:10.1007/s40258-016-0271-0
  • Rael M, Benedict A, Ishak J, et al. Indirect comparison to assess the relative efficacy of carfilzomibþlenalidomideþdexamethasone versus bortezomibþthalidomideþdexamethasone: a matching adjusted indirect comparison. Blood. 2015;126(23):5622–5622. doi:10.1182/blood.V126.23.5622.5622
  • Van Sanden S, Ito T, Diels J, et al. Comparative efficacy of daratumumab monotherapy and pomalidomide plus low-dose dexamethasone in the treatment of multiple myeloma: a matching adjusted indirect comparison. Oncologist. 2018; Mar23(3):279–287. doi:10.1634/theoncologist.2017-0103
  • Weisel K, Nooka AK, Terpos E, et al. Carfilzomib and dexamethasone versus eight cycles of bortezomib and dexamethasone in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: an indirect comparison using data from the phase 3 ENDEAVOR and CASTOR trials. Leuk Lymphoma. 2020; 63(8):1887–1896. doi:10.1080/10428194.2019.1648806
  • Signorovitch JE, Sikirica V, Erder MH, et al. Matching-adjusted indirect comparisons: a new tool for timely comparative effectiveness research. Value Health. 2012;15(6):940–947. doi:10.1016/j.jval.2012.05.004
  • Signorovitch JE, Wu EQ, Yu AP, et al. Comparative ­effectiveness without head-to-head trials: a method for matching-adjusted indirect comparisons applied to psoriasis treatment with adalimumab or etanercept. Pharmacoeconomics. 2010;28(10):935–945. doi:10.2165/11538370-000000000-00000
  • Phillippo DA, Dias S, et al. NICE DSU Technical Support Document 18: methods for population-adjusted indirect comparisons in submissions to NICE. (Technical Support Documents). NICE Decision Support Unit 2016 October 2022]. Available from: https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/ws/portalfiles/portal/94868463/Population_adjustment_TSD_FINAL.pdf.
  • Majer IM, Castaigne JG, Palmer S, et al. Modeling covariate-adjusted survival for economic evaluations in oncology. Pharmacoeconomics. 2019;37(5):727–737. doi:10.1007/s40273-018-0759-6
  • WebPlotDigitizer. Home page June 2023]. Available from: https://automeris.io/WebPlotDigitizer/.
  • Guyot P, Ades AE, Ouwens MJ, et al. Enhanced secondary analysis of survival data: reconstructing the data from published Kaplan-Meier survival curves. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2012;12(1):9. doi:10.1186/1471-2288-12-9
  • Weisel K, Nooka AK, Terpos E, et al. Carfilzomib 56 mg/m(2) twice-weekly in combination with dexamethasone and daratumumab (KdD) versus daratumumab in combination with bortezomib and dexamethasone (DVd): a matching-adjusted indirect treatment comparison. Leuk Lymphoma. 2022;63(8):1887–1896. doi:10.1080/10428194.2022.2047962
  • Chari A, Dimopoulos M-A, Beksac M, et al. P-191: comparison of efficacy outcomes for carfilzomib plus dexamethasone and daratumumab (KdD) versus pomalidomide plus bortezomib and dexamethasone (PVd) and D-Pd in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 2021 ;21:S142. doi:10.1016/S2152-2650(21)02318-1
  • Lahuerta JJ, Paiva B, Vidriales MB, et al. Depth of response in multiple myeloma: a pooled analysis of three PETHEMA/GEM clinical trials. J Clin Oncol. 2017;35(25):2900–2910. doi:10.1200/JCO.2016.69.2517
  • Avet-Loiseau H, Ludwig H, Landgren O, et al. Minimal residual disease status as a surrogate endpoint for progression-free survival in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma studies: a meta-analysis. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 2020; 20(1):e30–e37. doi:10.1016/j.clml.2019.09.622
  • Daniele P, Mamolo C, Cappelleri JC, et al. Response rates and minimal residual disease outcomes as potential surrogates for progression-free survival in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. PLOS One. 2022;17(5):e0267979. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0267979
  • Cartier S, Zhang B, Rosen VM, et al. Relationship between treatment effects on progression-free survival and overall survival in multiple myeloma: a systematic review and meta-analysis of published clinical trial data. Oncol Res Treat. 2015;38(3):88–94. doi:10.1159/000375392
  • Dimopoulos M, Sonneveld P, Nahi H, et al. Progression-free survival as a surrogate endpoint for overall survival in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. Value in Health. 2017;20(9):A408. doi:10.1016/j.jval.2017.08.064
  • Richter J, Lin PL, Garcia-Horton V, et al. Matching-adjusted indirect comparison of isatuximab plus carfilzomib and dexamethasone with daratumumab plus lenalidomide and dexamethasone in relapsed multiple myeloma. Cancer Med. 2023; 12(7):8005–8017. doi:10.1002/cam4.5584
  • Leleu X, Delea T, Guyot P, et al. POSC34 comparative efficacy and safety of isatuximab plus pomalidomide and dexamethasone versus daratumumab plus pomalidomide and dexamethasone in patients with multiple myeloma using a matching-adjusted indirect comparison. Value in Health. 2022;25(1):S39. doi:10.1016/j.jval.2021.11.180
  • El-Cheikh J, Moukalled N, Malard F, et al. Cardiac toxicities in multiple myeloma: an updated and a deeper look into the effect of different medications and novel therapies. Blood Cancer J. 2023; 13(1):83. doi:10.1038/s41408-023-00849-z