Cocaine Use and Syphilis Trends: Findings from the Arrestee Drug Abuse Monitoring (ADAM) Program and Syphilis Epidemiology in Houston

REFERENCES

• Kilmarx PH, Zaidi AA, Thomas JC, , et al Sociodemographic factors and the variation in syphilis rates among U.S. counties, 1984 through 1993: an ecological analysis. Am J Public Health. 1997;87:1937–1942.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rolfs RT, Goldberg M, Sharrar RG. Risk factors for syphilis: cocaine use and prostitution. Am J Public Health. 1990;80:853–857.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakashima AK, Rolfs RT, Flock ML, Kilmarx P, Greenspan JR. Epidemiology of syphilis in the United States, 1941–1993. Sex Transm Dis. 1996;23:16–23.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ernst AA, Martin DH. High syphilis rates among cocaine abusers identified in an emergency department. Sex Transm Dis. 1993;20:66–69.
   Google Scholar
• Giannini AJ. Drugs of Abuse. Los Angeles, Calif.: Practice Management Information, Inc.; 1997.
   Google Scholar
• Shoptow S, Reback C, Rawson R. Stimulant abuse treatment as HIV prevention. J Addict Dis. 1998;17:19–32.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Miguez M, Page B, Baum M. Illegal drug use and HIV-1 infection in Colombia. Lancet. 1997;350:1635.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malow R, Ireland S. HIV risk correlates among non-injection cocaine dependent men in treatment. AIDS Educ Prev. 1996;8:226–235.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Booth R, Zhang Y. Conduct disorder and HIV risk behaviors among runaway and homeless adolescents. Drug Alcohol Depend. 1997;48:69–76.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. 1998 National Household Survey on Drug Abuse. Rockville, Md.: Office of Applied Studies; 1999.
   Google Scholar
• Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. National Admissions to Substance Abuse Treatment Centers: The Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS), 1997. Rockville, Md.: Office of Applied Studies; 1997.
   Google Scholar
• Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Drug Abuse Warning Network, 1990–1997. Rockville, Md.: Office of Applied Studies; 1998.
   Google Scholar
• DeHovitz JA, Kelly P, Feldman J, , et al Sexually transmitted diseases, sexual behavior, and cocaine use in inner city women. Am J Epidemiol. 1994;140:1125–1134.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams ML, Elwood WN, Weatherby NL, , et al An assessment of the risks of syphilis and HIV infection among a sample of not-in-treatment drug users in Houston, Texas. AIDS Care. 1996;8:671–682.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ross MW, Hwang LY, Leonard L, Teng M, Duncan L. Sexual behavior, STDs and drug use in a crack-house population. International Journal of STDs and AIDS. 1999;10:224–230.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marx R, Aral SO, Rolfs RT, Sterk CE, Kahn JG. Crack, sex, and STD. Sex Transm Dis. 1991;18:92–101.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hser YI, Hoffman V, Anglin D. Cocaine use and high risk sexual behavior among STD clinic patients. Sexually Transm Dis. 1999;26:82–86.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baillargeon J, Bradshaw P. The association of infectious disease diagnoses with incarceration-related factors among prison inmates. Journal of Correctional Health Care. 2003;10:10–19.
   Google Scholar
• Wolfe MI, Xu F, Patel P, , et al An outbreak of syphilis in Alabama prisons: Correctional health policy and communicable disease control. Am J Public Health. 2001;91:1220–1225.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baseman J, Ross MW, Williams M. Sale of sex for drugs and drugs for sex: an economic context of sexual risk behavior for STDs. Sex Transm Dis. 1999;26:444–449.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Institute of Justice. 1999 Arrestee Drug Abuse Monitoring (ADAM) Annual Report. Washington, DC: United States Department of Justice; 1999.
   Google Scholar
• Risser JMH, Hwang L-Y, Risser WL, Hollins L, Paffel J. The epidemiology of syphilis in the waning years of an epidemic: Houston, Texas, 1991–1997. Sex Transm Dis. 1999;26:1–6.
   Google Scholar
• Texas A&M University, Texas State Data Center. Population Projections, 1.0 Scenario, Texas Population Estimates and Projection Programs. March 1997. Available at: http://www.tdh.texas.gov/programs/shd&pa/popdata/memup.htm.
   Google Scholar
• Maruti S, Ross MW, Hwang LY, Leonard L, Paffel J, Hollins L. The epidemiology of early syphilis in Houston, Texas 1994–1995: gender differences in rate and presentation. Sex Transm Dis. 1997;24:475–480.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hwang LY, Ross MW, Zack C, Bull L, Rickman C, Holleman M. Prevalence of sexually transmitted infections and associated risk factors in drug abuse populations. Clin Infect Dis. 2000;31:920–926.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ross MW, Williams ML. Sexual behavior and illicit drug use. Annu Rev Sex Res. 2001;12:290–310.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar