Health Care Services Use by Adolescents with Intakes into an Outpatient Alcohol and Drug Treatment Program

REFERENCES

• Holder HD, Blose JO. Typical patterns and cost of alcoholism treatment across a variety of populations and providers. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1991;15:190–195.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holder HD, Blose JO. The reduction of health care costs associated with alcoholism treatment: a 14-year longitudinal study. J Stud Alcohol. 1992;53:293–302.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blose JO, Holder HD. The utilization of medical care by treated alcoholics: longitudinal patterns by age, gender, and type of care. J Subst Abuse. 1991;3:13–27.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Parthasarathy S, Weisner CM, Hu T-W, Moore C. Association of outpatient alcohol and drug treatment with health care utilization and cost: revisiting the offset hypothesis. J Stud Alcohol. 2001;62:89–97.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Needle R, Brown P, Lavee Y, Su S, Doherty W. Costs and consequences of drug use: a comparison of health care utilization and social-psychological consequences for clinical and nonclinical adolescents and their families. Int J Addict. 1988;23:1125–1143.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Freeborn DK, Polen MR, Mullooly JP. Adolescent drug misuse treatment and use of medical care services. Int J Addict. 1995;30:795–822.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zavala SK, French MT, Henderson CE, Alberga L, Rowe C, Liddle HA. Guidelines and challenges for estimating the economic costs and benefits of adolescent substance abuse treatments. J Subst Abuse Treat. 2005;29:191–205.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mertens JM, Flisher AJ, Sterling S, Weisner C. Medical conditions in adolescent alcohol and drug treatment patients in a private health plan: comparison with matched controls. 28th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Alcoholism. Santa Barbara, CA; 2005.
   Google Scholar
• Lamminpaa A. Alcohol intoxication in childhood and adolescence. Alcohol Alcohol. 1995;30:5–12.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwartz RH, Luxenberg MG, Hoffmann NG. “Crack” use by American middle-class adolescent polydrug abusers. J Pediatr. 1991;118:150–155.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carroll A, Houghton S, Odgers P. Volatile solvent use among Western Australian adolescents. Adolescence. 1998;33:877–889.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Madianos MG, Madianou-Gefou D, Stefanis CN. Drug use and somatic illnesses with psychological component: a nation-wide survey among adolescents and adults in Greece. Psychother Psychosom. 1993;60:177–185.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aarons GA, Brown SA, Coe MT, , et al Adolescent alcohol and drug abuse and health. J Adolesc Health. 1999;24:412–421.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gerstein DR, Harwood HJ, eds. Treating Drug Problems: Vol. 1. A Study of the Evolution, Effectiveness, and Financing of Public and Private Drug Treatment Systems. Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 1990.
   Google Scholar
• Edmunds M, Frank R, Hogan M, McCarty D, Robinson-Beale R, Weisner C, eds. Managing Managed Care: Quality Improvement in Behavioral Health. Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 1997.
   Google Scholar
• Hovens JG, Cantwell DP, Kiriakos R. Psychiatric comorbidity in hospitalized adolescent substance abusers. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1994;33:476–483.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bukstein OG, Glancy LJ, Kaminer Y. Patterns of affective comorbidity in a clinical population of dually diagnosed adolescent substance abusers. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1992;31:1041–1045.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rounds-Bryant JL, Staab J. Patient characteristics and treatment outcomes for African American, Hispanic, and White adolescents in DATOS-A. J Adolesc Res. 2001;16:624–641.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berenson AB, Wiemann CM, McCombs S. Exposure to violence and associated health-risk behaviors among adolescent girls. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2001;155:1238–1242.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rounds-Bryant JL, Kristiansen PL, Hubbard RL. Drug abuse treatment outcome study of adolescents: a comparison of client characteristics and pretreatment behaviors in three treatment modalities. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 1999;25:573–591.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duncan SC, Alpert A, Duncan TE, Hops H. Adolescent alcohol use development and young adult outcomes. Drug Alcohol Depend. 1997;49:39–48.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rivers SM, Greenbaum RL, Goldberg E. Hospital-based adolescent substance abuse treatment: comorbidity, outcomes, and gender. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2001;189:229–237.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sterling S, Weisner C. Chemical dependency and psychiatric services for adolescents in private managed care: implications for outcomes. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2005;25:801–809.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Selby JV. Linking automated databases for research in managed care settings. Ann Intern Med. 1997;127:719–724.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parthasarathy S, Weisner C, Mertens J, Moore C. Utilization and cost impact of integrating substance abuse treatment and primary care. Med Care. 2003;41:357–367.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Medical-care spending–United States. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1994;43:581–586.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ray GT, Collin F, Lieu T, , et al The cost of health conditions in a health maintenance organization. Med Care Res Rev. 2000;57:92–109.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang LY, Zhong Y, Wheeler L. Direct and indirect costs of asthma in school-age children. Prev Chronic Dis. 2005;2:A11.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mannino DM, Homa DM, Akinbami LJ, Moorman JE, Gwynn C, Redd SC. Surveillance for asthma–United States, 1980–1999. MMWR Surveill Summ. 2002;51:1–13.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCullagh P, Nelder JA. Generalized Linear Models. New York: Chapman and Hall; 1989.
   Google Scholar
• Duan N, Manning WGJ, Morris CN, Newhouse JP. A comparison of alternative models for the demand for medical care. Journal of Business and Economic Statistics. 1983;1:115–126.
   Google Scholar
• Liang K-Y, Zeger SL. Longitudinal data analysis using generalized linear models. Biometrika. 1986;73:13–22.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campbell CI, Weisner C, Sterling S. Adolescents entering chemical dependency treatment in private managed care: ethnic differences in treatment initiation and retention. J Adolesc Health. 2006;38:343–350.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holder HD, Hallan JB. Impact of alcoholism treatment on total health care costs: a six-year study. Adv Alcohol Subst Abuse. 1986;6:1–15.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Holder HD, Lennox RD, Blose JO. The economic benefits of alcoholism treatment: A summary of twenty years of research. J Emp Assist Res. 1992;1:63–82.
   Google Scholar
• Sterling S, Kohn CS, Lu Y, Weisner C. Pathways to substance abuse treatment for adolescents in an HMO. J Psychoactive Drugs. 2004;36:439–453.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar