Leptin is associated with heart rate recovery in Chinese hypertensive patients

References

• Julius S, Majahalme S. The changing face of sympathetic overactivity in hypertension. Ann Med 2000;32:365–70.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grassi G. Autonomic nervous system in arterial hypertension. Ital Heart J Suppl 2001;2:850–6.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Esler M. The 2009 Carl Ludwig Lecture: Pathophysiology of the human sympathetic nervous system in cardiovascular diseases: the transition from mechanisms to medical management. J Appl Physiol 2010;108:227–37.
   Google Scholar
• Polonia J, Amaral C, Bertoquini S, et al. Attenuation of heart rate recovery after exercise in hypertensive patients with blunting of the nighttime blood pressure fall. Int J Cardiol 2006;106:238–43.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peçanha T, Silva-Júnior ND, Forjaz CL. Heart rate recovery: autonomic determinants, methods of assessment and association with mortality and cardiovascular diseases. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 2014;34:327–39.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pierpont GL, Adabag S, Yannopoulos D. Pathophysiology of exercise heart rate recovery: a comprehensive analysis. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol 2013;18:107–17.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mark AL, Agassandian K, Morgan DA, et al. Leptin signaling in the nucleus tractus solitarii increases sympathetic nerve activity to the kidney. Hypertension 2009;53:375–80.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• da Silva AA, do Carmo JM, Hall JE. Role of leptin and central nervous system melanocortins in obesity hypertension. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2013;22:135–40.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Georgoulias P, Orfanakis A, Demakopoulos N, et al. Abnormal heart rate recovery immediately after treadmill testing: correlation with clinical, exercise testing, and myocardial perfusion parameters. J Nucl Cardiol 2003;10:498–505.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watanabe J, Thamilarasan M, Blackstone EH, et al. Heart rate recovery immediately after treadmill exercise and left ventricular systolic dysfunction as predictors of mortality: the case of stress echocardiography. Circulation 2001;104:1911–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwartz MW, Woods SC, Porte D Jr, et al. Central nervous system control of food intake. Nature 2000; 404:661–71.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wannamethee SG, Tchernova J, Whincup P, et al. Plasma leptin: associations with metabolic, inflammatory and haemostatic risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Atherosclerosis 2007;191:418–26.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carlyle M, Jones OB, Kuo JJ, et al. Chronic cardiovascular and renal actions of leptin: role of adrenergic activity. Hypertension 2002;39:496–501.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rahmouni K, 1 Correia ML, Haynes WG, et al. Obesity-associated hypertension: new insights into mechanisms. Hypertension 2005;45:9–14.
   Google Scholar
• Galletti F, D’Elia L, Barba G, et al. High-circulating leptin levels are associated with greater risk of hypertension in men independently of body mass and insulin resistance: results of an eight-year follow-up study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008;93:3922–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takizawa H, Ura N, Saitoh S, et al. Gender difference in the relationships among hyperleptinemia, hyperinsulinemia, and hypertension. Clin Exp Hypertens 2001;23:357–68.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ma D, Feitosa MF, Wilk JB, et al. Leptin is associated with blood pressure and hypertension in women from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Family Heart Study. Hypertension 2009;53:473–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lindgarde F, Soderberg S, Olsson T, et al. Overweight is associated with lower serum leptin in Peruvian Indian than in Caucasian women: a dissociation contributing to low blood pressure? Metabolism 2001;50:325–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suter PM, Locher R, Hasler E, et al. Is there a role for the ob gene product leptin in essential hypertension? Am J Hypertens 1998;11:1305–11.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu FB, Chen C, Wang B, et al. Leptin concentrations in relation to overall adiposity, fat distribution, and blood pressure in a rural Chinese population. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2001;25:121–5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Asferg C, Mogelvang R, Flyvbjerg A, et al. Leptin, not adiponectin, predicts hypertension in the Copenhagen City Heart Study. Am J Hypertens 2010;23:327–33.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anoop S, Jie X. Positive relationship between plasma leptin level and hypertension. Hypertension 2010;56:623–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Julius S, Majahalme S. The changing face of sympathetic overactivity in hypertension. Ann Med 2000;32:365–70.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kligfield P, McCormick A, Chai A, et al. Effect of age and gender on heart rate recovery after submaximal exercise during cardiac rehabilitation in patients with angina pectoris, recent acute myocardial infarction, or coronary bypass surgery. Am J Cardiol 2003;92:600–3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kalil GZ, Haynes WG. Sympathetic nervous system in obesity-related hypertension: mechanisms and clinical implications. Hypertens Res 2012;35:4–16.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pieterse C, Schutte R, Schutte AE. Autonomic activity and leptin in Africans and whites: theSABPA study. J Hypertens 2014;32:826–33.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grassi G, Seravalle G, Dell’Oro R, et al. Adrenergic and reflex abnormalities in obesity-related hypertension. Hypertension 2000;36:538–42.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thayer JF, Lane RD. The role of vagal function in the risk for cardiovascular disease and mortality. Biol Psychol 2007;74:224–42.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arnold AC, Shaltout HA, Gallagher PE, et al. Leptin impairs cardiovagal baroreflex function at the level of the solitary tract nucleus. Hypertension 2009;54:1001–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• do Carmo JM, Hall JE, da Silva AA. Chronic central leptin infusion restores cardiac sympathetic-vagal balance and baroreflex sensitivity in diabetic rats. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2008;295:1974–81.
   Google Scholar
• Lin YC, Huang J, Hileman S, et al. Leptin decreases heart rate associated with increased ventricular repolarization via its receptor. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2015;309:1731–9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Winnicki M, Phillips BG, Accurso V, et al. Independent association between plasma leptin levels and heart rate in heart transplant recipientsCirculation. 2001;104:384–6.
   Google Scholar