DNA methylation in the norepinephrine transporter gene promoter region is not associated with depression and hypertension

References

• The WHO. The World Health Report 2001 Mental Health: New Understanding, New Hope. http://wwwwhoint/whr/2001/en/indexhtml Accessed January 6, 2003.
   Google Scholar
• Wiehe M, Fuchs SC, Moreira LB, et al. Absence of association between depression and hypertension: Results of a prospectively designed population-based study. J Hum Hypertens 2006;20:434–39.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scalco AZ, Rondon MU, Trombetta IC, et al. Muscle sympathetic nervous activity in depressed patients before and after treatment with sertraline. J Hypertens 2009;27:2429–36.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barton DA, Dawood T, Lambert EA, et al. Sympathetic activity in major depressive disorder: Identifying those at increased cardiac risk? J Hypertens 2007;25:2117–24.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lake CR, Pickar D, Ziegler MG, et al. High plasma norepinephrine levels in patients with major affective disorder. Am J Psychiatry 1982;139:1315–18.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schohn D, Weidmann P, Jahn H, et al. Norepinephrine-related mechanism in hypertension accompanying renal failure. Kidney Int 1985;28:814–22.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roy A, Pickar D, De Jong J, et al. Norepinephrine and its metabolites in cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, and urine. Relationship to hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function in depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1988;45:849–57.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Veith RC, Lewis N, Linares OA, et al. Sympathetic nervous system activity in major depression. Basal and desipramine-induced alterations in plasma norepinephrine kinetics. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1994;51:411–22.
   Google Scholar
• Bonisch H, Bruss M. The noradrenaline transporter of the neuronal plasma membrane. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1994;733:193–202.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zill P, Engel R, Baghai TC, et al. Identification of a naturally occurring polymorphism in the promoter region of the norepinephrine transporter and analysis in major depression. Neuropsychopharmacology 200226:489–93.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Axelrod J, Kopin IJ. The uptake, storage, release and metabolism of noradrenaline in sympathetic nerves. Prog Brain Res 1969;31:21–32.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Xu F, Gainetdinov RR, Wetsel WC, et al. Mice lacking the norepinephrine transporter are supersensitive to psychostimulants. Nat Neurosci 2000;3:465–71.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schlaich MP, Lambert E, Kaye DM, et al. Sympathetic augmentation in hypertension: Role of nerve firing, norepinephrine reuptake, and angiotensin neuromodulation. Hypertension 2004;43:169–75.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amara SG, Kuhar MJ. Neurotransmitter transporters: Recent progress. Annu Rev Neurosci 1993;16:73–93.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keller NR, Diedrich A, Appalsamy M, et al. Norepinephrine transporter-deficient mice exhibit excessive tachycardia and elevated blood pressure with wakefulness and activity. Circulation 2004;110:1191–96.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robertson D, Flattem N, Tellioglu T, et al. Familial orthostatic tachycardia due to norepinephrine transporter deficiency. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2001;940:527–43.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim CH, Waldman ID, Blakely RD, et al. Functional gene variation in the human norepinephrine transporter: Association with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2008;1129:256–60.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prince J. Catecholamine dysfunction in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: An update. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2008;28:S39–45.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mata S, Urbina M, Manzano E, et al. Noradrenaline transporter and its turnover rate are decreased in blood lymphocytes of patients with major depression. J Neuroimmunol 2005;170:134–40.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klimek V, Stockmeier C, Overholser J, et al. Reduced levels of norepinephrine transporters in the locus coeruleus in major depression. J Neurosci 1997;17:8451–58.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Millis RM. Epigenetics and hypertension. Curr Hypertens Rep 2011;13:21–28.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Esler M, Eikelis N, Schlaich M, et al. Human sympathetic nerve biology: Parallel influences of stress and epigenetics in essential hypertension and panic disorder. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2008;1148:338–48.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luo JW, Meng XR, Huang FM, et al. Methylation in promoter region of SLC6A2 gene in heart failure patients and its correlation with qi deficiency/blood stasis syndrome. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi 2015;35:1448–54.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Esler M, Alvarenga M, Pier C, et al. The neuronal noradrenaline transporter, anxiety and cardiovascular disease. J Psychopharmacol 2006;20:60–66.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Beck AT, Beamesderfer A. Assessment of depression: The depression inventory. Mod Probl Pharmacopsychiatry 1974;7:151–69.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Davidson KW, Kupfer DJ, Bigger JT, et al. Assessment and treatment of depression in patients with cardiovascular disease: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute working group report. Psychosom Med 2006;68:645–50.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pizzi C, Manzoli L, Mancini S, et al. Analysis of potential predictors of depression among coronary heart disease risk factors including heart rate variability, markers of inflammation, and endothelial function. Eur Heart J 2008;29:1110–17.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meng L, Chen D, Yang Y, et al. Depression increases the risk of hypertension incidence: A meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. J Hypertens 2012;30:842–51.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bayles R, Baker EK, Jowett JB, et al. Methylation of the SLC6a2 gene promoter in major depression and panic disorder. PLoS One 2013;8:e83223.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nabi H, Chastang JF, Lefevre T, et al. Trajectories of depressive episodes and hypertension over 24 years: The Whitehall II prospective cohort study. Hypertension 2011;57:710–16.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shah MT, Zonderman AB, Waldstein SR. Sex and age differences in the relation of depressive symptoms with blood pressure. Am J Hypertens 2013;26:1413–20.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bayles R, Harikrishnan KN, Lambert E, et al. Epigenetic modification of the norepinephrine transporter gene in postural tachycardia syndrome. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2012;32:1910–16.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harikrishnan KN, Bayles R, Ciccotosto GD, et al. Alleviating transcriptional inhibition of the norepinephrine slc6a2 transporter gene in depolarized neurons. J Neurosci 2010;30:1494–501.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar