30
Views
10
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Article

Combination of Ascorbate and α-Tocopherol as a Preventive Therapy against Structural and Functional Defects of Erythrocytes in Visceral Leishmaniasis

, , &
Pages 527-534 | Received 07 Jan 2004, Published online: 07 Jul 2009

References

  • Locksley, R.M. and Plorde, J.J. (1987) "Leishmaniasis", In: Braunwald, E., Isselbacher, K.J., Petersdorf, R.G., Wilson, J.D. and Martin, J.B., eds, Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine (McGraw Hill, New York), pp 785–786.
  • Sen, G., Mukhopadhyay, R., Ghosal, J. and Biswas, T. (2000) "Oxidative damage of erythrocytes: a possible mechanism for premature hemolysis in experimental visceral leishmaniasis in hamsters", Ann. Hematol. (2000), 79.
  • Sen, G., Ghosal, J. and Biswas, T. (2000) "Altered calcium homeostasis and membrane destabilization in erythrocytes of hamsters infected with Leishmania donovani", Ann. Trap. Med. Parasitol. 94, 45–53.
  • Chiu, D., Lubin, B. and Shohet, S.B. (1982) In: Pryor, WA., ed., Free Radical in Biology, Vol. 5 (Academic Press, New York) pp 115–159.
  • Hart, D.T., Vickerman, K. and Coombs, G.H. (1981) "Transformation of in vitro Leishmania mexicana amastigotes to promastigotes: nutritional requirements and the effect of drugs", Parasitology 83, 529–541.
  • Looker, D.L., Berens, R.L. and Marr, J.J. (1983) "Purine metabolism in Leishmania donovani amastigotes and promastigotes", Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. 9, 15–28.
  • Varley, H. (1962) Practical Clinical Biochemistry (Williams Heineman Medical Books & Inter Science Books, New York).
  • Dodge, J., Mitchell, C. and Hanahan, D.J. (1963) "The preparation of chemical characteristics of hemoglobin free ghosts of human erythrocytes", Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 100, 119–130.
  • Sutherland, D.A., Mc Call, MS., Groves, M.T. and Mairhead, E.E. (1954) "The measurement of the survival of human erythrocytes by in vivo tagging with Cr51", J. Lab. Clin. Med. 43, 717.
  • Pachla, L.A. and Kissinger, P.T. (1979) "Analysis of ascorbic acid by chromatography with amperometric detection", Meth. Enzymol. 62, 15–24.
  • Iheanacho, EN., Hunt, N.H. and Stocker, R. (1995) "Vitamin C redox reactions in blood of normal and malaria infected mice studied with isoascorbate as a non-isotopic marker", Free Radic. Biol. Med. 18, 543–552.
  • Lang, J.K., Gohil, K. and Packer, L. (1986) "Simultaneous determination of ek-tocopherol, ubiquinols and ubiquinones in blood, plasma, tissue homogenates and sub cellular fractions", Anal. Biochem. 157, 106–116.
  • Mayo, L.A. and Curhutte, J.T. (1990) "Kinetic micro plate assay for super oxide production by neutrophils and other phagocytic cells", Meth. Enzymol. 186, 567–575.
  • Pine, A. (1965) "Glutathione peroxidase in lens and a source of hydrogen peroxide in aqueous humour", Biochem. J. 96, 244.
  • Aruoma, 0.1. (1994) "Deoxyribose assay for detecting hydroxyl radicals", Meth. Enzymol. 233, 57–66.
  • Laemmli, U.K. (1970) "Cleavage of structure proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4", Nature 227, 660–685.
  • Ji, T.H. and Nicholson, G.L. (1974) "Lectin binding perturbations of the other surface of the cell membrane induces transmembrane organizational alteration of the inner surface", Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 71, 2212.
  • Gudi, S.R.P., Kumar, A., Khaburi, V, Gokhale, S.M. and Gupta, C.M. (1990) "Membrane skeleton bilayer interaction is not the major determinant of membrane phospholipid asymmetry in human erythrocytes", Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1023, 63–72.
  • Biswas, T., Ghosh, D.K., Mukherjee, N. and Ghosal, J. (1995) "Elevated 2,3-diphosphoglycerate concentration and altera-tions of structural integrity in the erythrocytes of Indian cases of visceral leishmaniasis", Ann. Trop. Med. Parasitol. 89, 391–398.
  • Becker, P.S., Cohen, C.M. and Lux, S.E. (1986) "The effect of mild diamide oxidation on the structure and function of human erythrocyte spectrin", J. Biol. Chem. 261, 4620–4628.
  • Dean, R.T., Fu, S., Stocker, R. and Davies, M.J. (1997) "Biochemistry and pathology of radical mediated protein oxidation", Biochem. J. 324, 1–18.
  • Sen, G., Mukhopadhyay, R., Ghosal, J. and Biswas, T. (2000) "Interaction of ascorbate and ek-tocopherol enhances anti-oxidant reserve of erythrocytes during anemia in visceral leishmaniasis", Life Sci. 67, 3181–3190.
  • Bennett, V. (1985) "The membrane skeleton of human erythrocytes and its implications for more complex cells", Ann. Rev. Biochem. 235, 769–775.
  • Aiken, N.R., Galey, W.R. and Satterlee, J.D. (1995) "A peroxidative model of human erythrocytes intra-cellular Ca2+ changes with in vivo cell aging", Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1270, 52–57.
  • Chandra, R., Joshi, P.C., Bajpai, V.K. and Gupta, CM. (1987) "Membrane phospholipid organization in calcium loaded human erythrocytes", Biochim. Biophys. Acta 902, 253–262.
  • Nato, Y, Toshikazy, Y., Matsuyama, K., Yagi, N., Arai, M., Nakamura, Y., Kaneko, T., Yoshida, N. and Kendo, M. (1998) "Neutrophils, lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide in gastric reperfusion injury in rats", Free Radic. Biol. Med. 24, 494–502.
  • Nild, E. (1987) "Antioxidants in relation to lipid peroxi-dation", Chem. Phys. Lipid 44, 227–253.
  • Oliver, M. (1996) "Modulation of host cell intracellular Ca2±", Parasitol. Today 12, 145–150.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.