Angeli's Salt and Spinal Motor Neuron Injury

References

• Moncada, S., Palmer, R.M. and Higgs, E.A. (1991) "Nitric oxide: physiology, pathophysiology and pharmacology", Pharm. Rev. 43, 109–142.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wink, D.A. and Mitchell, J.B. (1998) "Chemical biology of nitric oxide: insights into regulatory, cytotoxic and cytopro-tective mechanisms of nitric oxide", Free Radic. Biol. Med. 25(4), 434–456.
   Google Scholar
• Chiueh, C.C. (1999) "Neuroprotective properties of nitric oxide", Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 890, 301–311.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Milatovic, D., Gupta, R.C. and Dettbarn, W.D. (2002) "Involvement of nitric oxide in kainic acid—induced excitotoxicity in rat brain", Brain Res. 957, 330–337.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beckman, J.S. (1991) "The double-edged role of nitric oxide in brain function and superoxide-mediated injury", J. Dev. Physiol. 15, 53–59.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rauhala, P., Lin, A.M. and Chiueh, C.C. (1998) "Neuroprotec-tion by S-nitrosoglutathione of brain dopamine neurons from oxidative stress", FASEB J. 12, 165–173.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mason, R.B., Pluta, R.M., Walbridge, ST., Wink, D.A., Oldfield, E.H. and Boock, R.J. (2000) "Production of reactive oxygen species after reperfusion in vitro and in vivo: protective effect of nitric oxide", J. Neurosurg. 93, 99–107.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mohanakumar, K.P., Thomas, B., Sharma, S.M., Muralikrishnan, D., Chowdhury, R. and Chiueh, C.C. (2002) "Nitric oxide: an antioxidant and neuroprotector", Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 962, 389–401.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bartberger, M.D., Fukuto, J. and Houk, K.N. (2001) "On the acidity and reactivity of HNO in aqueous solution and biological systems", Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. 98, 2194–2198.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miranda, K.M., Espey, M.G., Yamada, K., Krishna, M., Ludwick, N., Kim, S.M., Jourd'heuil, D., Grisham, M.B., Feelish, M., Fukuto, J.M. and Wink, D.A. (2001) "Unique oxidative mechanisms for the reactive nitrogen oxide species, nitroxyl anion", J. Biol. Chem. 276(3), 1720–1727.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wink, D.A., Feelish, M., Fukuto, J., Chistodoulou, D., Jourd'heuil, D., Grishman, M.B., Vodovotz, Y, Cook, J.A., Krishna, M., DeGraff, W.G., Kim, S., Gamson, J. and Mitchell, J.B. (1998) "The cytotmdcity of nitroxyl: possible implications for the pathophysiological role of NO", Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 351(1), 66–74.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ohshima, H., Gilibert, I. and Bianchini, F. (1999) "Induction of DNA strand breakage and base oxidation by nitroxyl anion through hydroxyl radical production", Free Radic. Biol. Med. 26, 1305–1313.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vaananen, A.J., Moed, M., Tuominen, R.K., Helkamaa, T.H., Wiksten, M., Liesi, P., Chiueh, C.C. and Rauhala, P. (2003) "Angeli's salt induces neurotoxicity in dopaminergic neurons in vivo and in vitro", Free Radic. Res. 37, 381–389.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hobbs, A.J., Fukuto, J.M. and Ignarro, L.J. (1994) "Formation of free nitric oxide from L-arginine by nitric oxide synthase: direct enhancement of generation by superoxide dismutase", Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. 91, 10992–10996.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmidt, H.H., Hofmann, H., Schindler, U., Shutenko, Z.S., Cunningham, D.D. and Feelisch, M. (1996) "No NO from NO synthase", Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. 93, 14492–14497.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rusche, KM., Spiering, MM. and Marietta, MA. (1998) "Reactions catalyzed by tetrahydrobiopterin-free nitric oxide synthase", Biochemisty 37, 15503–15512.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wong, P.S.Y., Hyun, J., Fukuto, J.M., Shirota, F.N., DeMaster, E.G., Shoeman, D.W. and Nagasawa, H.T. (1998) "Reaction between s-nitrosothiols and thiols: generation of nitroxyl (HNO) and subsequent chemistry", Biochemistry 37, 5362–5371.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Murphy, M.E. and Sies, H. (1991) "Reversible conversion of nitroxyl anion to nitric oxide by superoxide dismutase", Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. 88, 10860–10864.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bartberger, M.D., Liu, W., Ford, E., Miranda, KM., Switzer, C., Fukuto, J.M., Farmer, P.J., Wink, D.A. and Houk, K.N. (2002) "The reduction potential of nitric oxide (NO) and its importance to NO biochemistry", Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. 99(17), 10958–10963.
   Google Scholar
• Liochev, S.I. and Fridovich, I. (2003) "The mode of decomposition of Angeli's salt (Na2N203) and the effects thereon of oxygen, nitrite, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione", Free Radic. Biol. Med. 34(11), 1399–1404.
   Google Scholar
• Halliwell, B. and Gutteridge, J.M.C. (1999) Free radicals in biology and medicine, 3rd Edn. (Oxford University press), pp 721–761.
   Google Scholar
• Rosen, DR., Siddique, T., Patterson, D., Figlewicz, D.A., Sapp, P., Hentati, A., Donaldson, D., Goto, J., O'Regan, J.P. and Deng, H.X. (1993) "Mutations in Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase gene are associated with familial amyotrophic sclerosis", Nature 362, 59–66.
   Google Scholar
• Bruijn, L.I., Houseweart, M.K., Kato, S., Anderson, K.L., Anderson, S.D., Ohama, E., Reaume, A.G., Scott, R.W. and Cleveland, D.W. (1998) "Aggregation and motor neuron toxicity of an ALS-linked SOD1 mutant independent from wild-type SOD1", Science 281, 1851–1854.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Estevez, A.G., Crow, J.P., Sampson, J.B., Reiter, C., Zhuang, Y, Richardson, G.J., Tarpey, M.M., Barbeito, L. and Beckman, J.S. (1999) "Induction of nitric oxide-dependent apoptosis in motor neurons by zinc-deficient superoxide dismutase", Science 286, 2498–2500.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liochev, S.I. and Fridovich, I. (2001) "Copper, zinc superoxide dismutase as a univalent NO- oxidoreductase and as a dichlorofuorescin peroxidase", J. Biol. Chem. 276(38), 35253–35257.
   Google Scholar
• Yaksh, T.L. and Rudy, T.A. (1976) "Chronic catheterization of the spinal subaracnoid space", Physiol. Behav. 17, 1031–1036.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ericson, E., Samuelsson, J. and Alenius, S. (1991) "Photocell measurements of rat motor activity", J. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 25, 111–122.
   Google Scholar
• Hargreaves, K., Dubner, R., Brown, F., Flores, C. and Joris, J. (1988) "A new and sensitive method for measuring thermal nociception in cutaneous hyperalgesia", Pain 32, 77–88.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sakura, S., Hashimoto, K., Bonen, A.W., Ciriales, R. and Drasner, K. (1996) "Intrathecal catheterization in the rat. Improved technique for morphologic analysis of drug-induced injury", Anesthesiology 85(5), 1184–1189.
   Google Scholar
• Liesi, P. and Silver, J. (1988) "Is glial laminin involved in axon guidance in the mammalian CNS?", Dev. Biol. 130, 774–785.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murtomaki, S., Risteli, L., Risteli, J., Johanson, S., Koivisto, U-M. and Liesi, P. (1992) "Laminin and its neurite outgrowth promoting domain associate with the Alzheimer's and Down syndrome brains", J. Neurosci. Res. 32, 261–273.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Buss, H., Chan, T.P., Sluis, KB., Domigan, N.M. and Winterbourn, C.C. (1997) "Protein carbonyl measurement by a sensitive ELISA method", Free Radic. Biol. Med. 23(3), 361–366.
   Google Scholar
• He, K., Nukada, H., McMorran, P.D. and Murphy, M.P. (1999) "Protein carbonyl formation and tyrosine nitration as markers of oxidative damage during ischemia-reperfusion injury to rat sciatic nerve", Neuroscience 94(3), 909–916.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keefer, L.K., Nims, R.W., Daivies, KM. and Wink, D.A. (1996) ""NONOates" (1-substituted diazen-1-ium-1,2-dioles) as nitric oxide donors: convenient nitric oxide dosage forms", Meth. Enzymol. 268, 281–293.
   Google Scholar
• Liesi, P. and Kauppila, T. (2002) "Induction of type IV collagen and other basement-membrane associated proteins after spinal cord injury of the adult rat may participate in formation of the glial scar", Exp. Neurol. 173, 31–45.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Skilling, S.R., Sun, X., Kurtz, H.J. and Larson, A.A. (1992) "Selective potentiation of NMDA-induced activity and release of excitatory amino acids by dynorphin: possible roles in paralysis and neurotoxicity", Brain Res. 575(2), 272–278.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rosener, M. and Dichgans, J. (1996) "Severe combined degeneration of the spinal cord after nitrous oxide anaesthesia in a vegetarian", J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psych. 60, 354.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Miranda, KM., Yamada, K., Espey, M.G., Thomas, D.D., DeGraff, W., Mitchell, J.B., Krishna, MC., Colton, CA. and Wink, D.A. (2002) "Further evidence for distinct reactive intermediates from nitroxyl and peroxynitrite: effects of buffer composition on the chemistry of Angeli's salt and synthetic peroxynitrite", Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 401, 134–144.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sasaki, S., Shibata, N., Komori, T. and Iwata, M. (2000) "iNOS and nitrotyrosine immunoreactivity in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis", Neurosci. Lett. 291, 44–48.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shaw, P.J., Ince, PG., Falkous, G. and Mantle, D. (1995) "Oxidative damage to protein in sporadic motor neuron disease spinal cord", Ann. Neurol. 38, 691–695.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ohshima, H., Celan, I., Chazotte, L., Pignatelli, B. and Mower, H.F. (1999) "Analysis of 3-nitrotyrosine in biological fluids and protein hydrolyzates by high-perfrmance liquid chromatography using a postseparation, on-line reduction column and electrochemical detection: results with various nitrating agents", Nitric Oxide Biol. Chem. 3(2), 132–141.
   Google Scholar
• Liesi, P., Närvänen, A., Soos, J., Sariola, H. and Snounou, G. (1989) "Identification of a neurite outgrowth promoting domain of laminin using synthetic peptides", FEBS Lett. 244, 141–149.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Matsuzawa, M., Tokomitsu, S., Knoll, W. and Liesi, P. (1998) "A molecular gradient along the axon pathway is not required for axon guidance", J. Neurosci. Res. 53, 114–124.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wiksten, M., Liebkind, R., Laatikainen, T. and Liesi, P. (2003) "y 1 laminin and its biologically active KDI-domain may guide axons in the floor plate of the embryonic human spinal cord", J. Neurosci. Res. 71, 338–352.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ludolph, AC., Meyer, T. and Riepe, M.W. (2000) "The role of excitotoxicity in ALS—what is the evidence?", J. Neurol. 247(suppl I), 7–16.
   Google Scholar
• Aronica, E., Catania, MV., Geurts, J., Yankaya, B. and Troost, D. (2001) "Immunohistochemical localization of group I and II metabotropic glutamate receptors in control and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis human spinal cord: upregulation in reactive astrocytes", Neuroscience 105, 509–520.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, W.K., Choi, Y.B., Rayudu, P.V., Das, P., Asaad, W., Arnelle, D.R., Stamler, J.S. and Lipton, S.A. (1999) "Attenu-ation of NMDA receptor activity and neurotoxicity by nitroxyl anion, NO-", Neuron 24, 461–469.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Colton, C.A., Gbadegesin, M., Wink, D.A., Miranda, K.M., Espey, M.G. and Vicini, S. (2001) "Nitroxyl anion regulation of the NMDA receptor", J. Neurochem. 78, 1126–1134.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakamura, R., Kamakura, K. and Kwak, S. (1994) "Toxicity of AMPA, an excitatory amino acid, to rat spinal cord neurons under intrathecal administration", Clin. Neurol. 34, 679–684.
   Google Scholar