Age and aphasia: a review of presence, type, recovery and clinical outcomes

References

• Mozaffarian D, Benjamin EJ, Go AS, Arnett DK, Blaha MJ, Cushman M, et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics—2015 update. Circulation. 2015;131(4):e29–322.10.1161/CIR.0000000000000152
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ellis C, Dismuke C, Edwards KK. Longitudinal trends in aphasia in the United States. Neuro Rehabilitation. 2010;27(4):327–333.
   Google Scholar
• American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. Adult Speech and Language. Accessed 2015 March. http://www.asha.org/public/speech/disorders/adultsandl.htm
   Google Scholar
• National Aphasia Association. Accessed 2015 March. http://www.aphasia.org/
   Google Scholar
• Mazaux JM, Lagadec T, DeSeze MP, Zongo D, Asselineau J, Douce E, Trias J, Delair MF, Darrigrand B. Communication activity in stroke patients with aphasia. J Rehabil Med. 2013;45:341–346.10.2340/16501977-1122
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dalemans RJP, DeWitte LP, Beurskens AJHM, Van Den Heuvel WJA, Wade DT. An investigation into the social participation of stroke survivors with aphasia. Disabil Rehabil. 2010;32(20):1678–1685.10.3109/09638281003649938
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ellis C, Simpson AN, Bonilha H, Mauldin PD, Simpson KN. The one-year attributable cost of poststroke aphasia. Stroke. 2012;43(5):1429–1431.10.1161/STROKEAHA.111.647339
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hall, MJ, Levant, S, DeFrances, CJ. Hospitalization for stroke in U.S. hospitals, 1989–2009. NCHS data brief. No. 95. National Center for Health Statistics, Hyattsville, MD; May 2012.
   Google Scholar
• Burke, DM, hafto, MA. Language and aging. In: FIM Craik, TA Salthouse, eds. The handbook of aging and cognition. New York, NY: Psychology Press, ed. 2, 2008, pp. 373–443.
   Google Scholar
• Shafto MA, Tyler LK. Language in the aging brain: The network dynamics of cognitive decline and preservation. Science. 2014;346(6209):583–587.10.1126/science.1254404
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller GA. The magical number seven, plus or minus two: Some limits on our capacity for processing information. Psychological Review. 1956;63:81–97.10.1037/h0043158
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cerella J. Information processing rates in the elderly. Psychological Bulletin. 1985;98:67–83.10.1037/0033-2909.98.1.67
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salthouse TA. The processing-speed theory of adult age differences in cognition. Psychological Review. 1996;103:403–428.10.1037/0033-295X.103.3.403
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baddeley AD. Working memory. New York, NY: Oxford University Press; 1986.
   Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The state of aging and health in America 2013. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, US Dept of Health and Human Services, 2013. http://www.cdc.gov/aging
   Google Scholar
• Miceli G, Caltagirone C, Gainotti G, Masullo C, Silveri MC, Villa G. Influence of age, sex, literacy and pathologic lesion on incidence, severity and type of aphasia. Acta Neurol Scand. 1981;64(5):370–382.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pedersen PM, Ørgensen, HS, Nakayama, H, Raaschou, HO, Olsen, TS. Aphasia in acute stroke: Incidence, determinants, and recovery. Ann Neurol. 1995;38:659–666.10.1002/ana.v38:4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Engelter ST, Gostynski M, Papa S, Frei M, Born C, Ajdacic V, et al. Epidemiology of aphasia attributable to first ischemic stroke: Incidence, severity, fluency, etiology, and thrombolysis. Stroke. 2006;37:1379–1384.10.1161/01.STR.0000221815.64093.8c
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsouli S, Kyritsis AP, Tsagalis G, Virvidaki E, Vemmos KN. Significance of aphasia after first-ever acute stroke: Impact on early and late outcomes. Neuroepidemiology. 2009;33:96–102.10.1159/000222091
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dickey L, Kagan A, Lindsay P, Fang J, Rowland A, Black S. Incidence and profile of inpatient stroke-induced aphasia in Ontario. Canada. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2010;91(2):196–202.10.1016/j.apmr.2009.09.020
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Croquelois A, Bogousslavsky J. Stroke aphasia: 1,500 consecutive cases. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2011;31:392–399.10.1159/000323217
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kadojić D, Bijelić BR, Radanović R, Porobić M, Rimac J, Dikanović M. Aphasia in patients with ischemic stroke. Acta Clin Croat. 2012;51:221–225.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kyrozis A, Potagas C, Ghika A, Tsimpouris PK, Virvidaki ES, Vemmos KN. Incidence and predictors of post-stroke aphasia: The arcadia stroke registry. Eur J Neurol. 2009;16:733–739.10.1111/ene.2009.16.issue-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gialanella B, Bertolinelli M, Lissi M, Prometti P. Predicting outcome after stroke: The role of aphasia. Disabil Rehabil. 2011;33(2):122–129.10.3109/09638288.2010.488712
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Obler LK, Albert ML, Goodglass H, Benson DF. Aphasia type and aging. Brain Lang. 1978;6:318–322.10.1016/0093-934X(78)90065-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DeRenzi ED, Faglioni P, Ferrari P. The influence of sex and age on the incidence and type of aphasia. Cortex. 1980;16:627–630.10.1016/S0010-9452(80)80010-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kertesz A, Sheppard A. The epidemiology of aphasic and cognitive impairment in stroke: Age, sex aphasia type and laterality differences. Brain. 1981;104:117–128.10.1093/brain/104.1.117
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eslinger PJ, Damasio AR. Age and type of aphasia in patients with stroke. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1981;44:377–381.10.1136/jnnp.44.5.377
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harasymiw SJ, Halper A. Sex, age, and aphasia type. Brain Lang. 1982;12:190–198.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown JW, Grober E. Age, sex, and aphasia type: Evidence for regional cerebral growth process underlying lateralization. J Nerv Ment Dis. 1983;171(7):431–434.10.1097/00005053-198307000-00007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Castro-Caldas A, Confraria A. Age and type of crossed aphasia in dextrals due to stroke. Brain Lang. 1984;23:126–133.10.1016/0093-934X(84)90011-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schechter I, Schejter J, Abarbanel M, Groswasser Z, Solzi P. Age and aphasia syndromes. Scand J Rehabil Med Suppl. 1985;12:60–63.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ferro JM, Crespo M. Young adult stroke: Neuropsychological dysfunction and recovery. Stroke. 1988;19(8):982–986.10.1161/01.STR.19.8.982
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bhatnager SC, Jain SK, Bihari M, Bansal NK, Pauranik A, Jain DC, et al. Aphasia type and aging in Hindi-speaking stroke patients. Brain Lang. 2002;83:353–361.10.1016/S0093-934X(02)00039-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steinvil Y, Ring H, Luz Y, Schechter I, Solzi P. Type of aphasia: Relationship to age, sex, previous risk factors, and outcome of rehabilitation. Scand J Rehabil Med Suppl. 1985;12:68–71.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Laska AC, Hellblom A, Murray V, Kahan T, Arbin MV. Aphasia in acute stroke and relation to outcome. J Intern Med. 2001;249:413–422.10.1046/j.1365-2796.2001.00812.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Godefry O, Dubois C, Debachy B, Leclerc M, Kreisler A. Vascular aphasias: Main characteristics of patients hospitalized in acute stroke units. Stroke. 2002;33(3):702–705.10.1161/hs0302.103653
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yao J, Han Z, Song Y, Li L, Zhou Y, Chen W, et al. Relationship of post-stroke aphasia types with sex, age and stroke types. World J Neurosci. 2015;61(5):34–39.10.4236/wjns.2015.51004
   Google Scholar
• Basso A, Capitani E, Laiacona M, Luzzatti C. Factors influencing type and severity of aphasia. Cortex. 1980;16:631–636.10.1016/S0010-9452(80)80011-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferro JM, Madureira S. Aphasia type, age and cerebal infarct localisation. J Neurol. 1997;244:505–509.10.1007/s004150050133
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sorgato P, Colombo A, Scarpa M, Faglioni P. Age, sex, and lesion site in aphasic stroke patients with single focal damage. Neuropsychology. 1990;4:165–173.10.1037/0894-4105.4.3.165
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pedersen PM, Vinter K, Olsen TS. Aphasia after stroke: Type, severity and prognosis. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2004;17:35–43.10.1159/000073896
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kertesz A, Mccabe P. Recovery patterns and prognosis in aphasia. Brain. 1977;100:1–18.10.1093/brain/100.1.1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pickersgill MJ, Lincoln NB. Prognostic indicators and the pattern of recovery of communication in aphasic stroke patients. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1983;46:130–139.10.1136/jnnp.46.2.130
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lendrem W, Lincoln NB. Spontaneous recovery of language in patients with aphasia between 4 and 34 weeks after stroke. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1985;48:743–748.10.1136/jnnp.48.8.743
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor-Sarno M. Preliminary findings in a study of age, linguistic evolution and quality of life in recovery from aphasia. Scand J Rehabil Med, Suppl. 1992;26:43–59.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lazar RM, Speizer AE, Festa JR, Krakauer JW, Marshall RS. Variability in language recovery after first-time stroke. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2008;79:530–534.10.1136/jnnp.2007.122457
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holland AL, Greenhouse JB, Fromm D, Swindell CS. Predictors of language restitution following stroke: A multivariate analysis. J Speech Hear Res. 1989;32:232–238.10.1044/jshr.3202.232
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ogrezeanu V, Voinescu I, Mihailescu L, Jipescu I. “Spontaneous” recovery in aphasics after single ischaemic stroke. Rom J Neurol Psychiatry. 1994;32(2):77–90.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kastrau F, Wolter M, Huber W, Block F. Recovery from aphasia after hemicraniectomy for infarction of the speech-dominant hemisphere. Stroke. 2005;36(4):825–829.10.1161/01.STR.0000157595.93115.70
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keenan JS, Brassell EG. A study of factors related to pronosis for individual aphasic patients. J Speech Hear Disord. 1974;39(3):257–269.10.1044/jshd.3903.257
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• deRiesthal M, Wertz R. Prognosis for aphasia: Relationship between selected biographical and behavioural variables and outcome and improvement. Aphasiology. 2004;18(10):899–915.10.1080/02687030444000381
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oliveira FF, Damasceno BP. Short-term prognosis for spech and language in first stroke patients. Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2009;67(3-B):849–855.10.1590/S0004-282X2009000500013
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hachioui HE, Lingsma HF, van de Sandt-Koenderman MWME, Dippel DWJ, Koudstaal PJ, Visch-Brink EG. Long-term prognosis of aphasia after stroke. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2013;84:310–315.10.1136/jnnp-2012-302596
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naess H, Hammersvik L, Skeie GO. Aphasia among young patients with ischemic stroke on long-term follow-up. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2009;18(4):274–250.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haselback D, Renggli A, Carda S. Determinants of neurological functional recovery potential after stroke in young adults. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2014;4:77–83.10.1159/000360218
   Google Scholar
• Nesi M, Lucente F, Nencini P, Fancellu L, Inzitari D. Aphasia predicts unfavorable outcome in mild ischemic stroke patients and prompts thrombolytic treatment. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2015;23(2):24–208.
   Google Scholar
• Griffiths D, Sturm J. 2011. Epidemiology and eitiology of young stroke. Stroke Res Treat ; 2011; Article ID 209370, 9.
   Google Scholar
• Coppens P. Why are wernicke's aphasia patients older than broca's? A critical view of the hypotheses. Aphasiology. 1991;5(3):279–290.10.1080/02687039108248529
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar