Media Exposure and Marijuana and Alcohol Use Among Adolescents

References

• Arseneault L., Cannon M., Witton J., Murray R. M. Causal association between cannabis and psychosis: examination of the evidence. British Journal of Psychiatry 2004; 184: 110–117
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Austin E. W., Chen M. J., Grube J. W. How does alcohol advertising influence underage drinking? The role of desirability, identification and skepticism. Journal of Adolescent Health 2006; 38(4)376–384
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Best D., Gross S., Manning V., Gossop M., Witton J., Strang J. Cannabis use in adolescents: the impact of risk and protective factors and social functioning. Drug and Alcohol Review 2005; 24(6)483–488
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blascovich J., Tomaka J. Measures of self-esteem. Measures of personality and social psychological attitudes, 3rd ed., J. P. Robinson, P. R. Shaver, L. S. Wrightsman. Institute for Social Research, Ann Arbor, MI 1993; 115–160
   Google Scholar
• Brown J. D., L'Engle K. L., Pardun C. J., Guo G., Kenneavy K., Jackson C. Sexy media matter: exposure to sexual content in music, movies, television and magazines predicts black and white adolescents' sexual behavior. Pediatrics 2006; 117: 1018–1027
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carson N. J., Rodriguez D., Audrain-McGovern J. Investigation of mechanisms linking media exposure to smoking in high school students. Preventive Medicine 2005; 41(2)511–520
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Cigarette smoking among adults: United States, 2004. MMWR 2005; 54(44)1121–1147
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chan P. A., Rabinowitz T. A cross-sectional analysis of video games and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms in adolescents. Annals of General Psychiatry 2006; 5(1)16
   Google Scholar
• Christenson P. G., Henriksen L., Roberts D. F. Substance use in popular prime time television. Office of National Drug Control Policyo, Washington, DC 2000
   Google Scholar
• Columbia University Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse. Teen tipplers: America's underage drinking epidemic. Columbia Universityo, New York, NY 2002
   Google Scholar
• Dalton M. A., Adachi-Mejia A. M., Longacre M. R., Titus-Ernstoff L. T., Gibson J. J., Martin S. K., et al. Parental rules and monitoring of children's movie viewing associated with children's risk for smoking and drinking. Pediatrics 2006; 118(5)1932–1942
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dalton M. A., Ahrens M. B., Sargent J. D., Mott L. A., Beach M. L., Tickle J. J., et al. Relation between parental restrictions on movies and adolescent use of tobacco and alcohol. Effective Clinical Practice 2002; 5(1)1–10
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dalton M. A., Sargent J. D., Beach M. L., Titus-Ernstoff L., Gibson J. J., Ahrens M. B., et al. Effect of viewing smoking in movies on adolescent smoking initiation: a cohort study. Lancet 2003; 362(9380)281–285
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Degenhardt L., Hall W., Lynskey M. Exploring the association between cannabis use and depression. Addiction 2003; 98(11)1493–1504
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DiFranza J. R., Wellman R. J., Sargent J. D., Weitzman M., Hipple B. J., Winickoff J. P. Tobacco promotion and the initiation of tobacco use: assessing the evidence for causality. Pediatrics 2006; 117: 1237–1248
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eaton D. K., Kann L., Kinchen S., Ross J., Hawkins J., Harris W. A., et al. Youth risk behavior surveillance–United States, 2005. MMWR Surveill Summaries 2006; 55(5)1–108
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Funk J. B. Children's exposure to violent video games and desensitization to violence. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America 2005; 14(3)387–404; vii–viii
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gentile D. A., Stone W. Violent video game effects on children and adolescents. A review of the literature. Minerva Pediatrica 2005; 57(6)337–358
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Georgetown University Center on Alcohol Marketing to Youth. Overexposed: youth a target of alcohol advertising in magazines. Georgetown University, Washington, DC 2002
   Google Scholar
• Gidwani P. P., Sobol A., DeJong W., Perrin J. M., Gortmaker S. L. Television viewing and initiation of smoking among youth. Pediatrics 2002; 110(3)505–508
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Green B., Young R., Kavanagh D. Cannabis use and misuse prevalence among people with psychosis. British Journal of Psychiatry 2005; 187: 306–313
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gruber A. J., Pope H. G., Jr. Marijuana use among adolescents. Pediatrics Clinics of North America 2002; 49(2)389–413
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gueguen N., Le Guellec H., Jacob C. Sound level of background music and alcohol consumption: an empirical evaluation. Perceptual & Motor Skills 2004; 99(1)34–38
   Google Scholar
• Gutschoven K., Van den Bulck J. Television viewing and age at smoking initiation: does a relationship exist between higher levels of television viewing and earlier onset of smoking?. Nicotine & Tobacco Research 2005; 7(3)381–385
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hall W. D. Cannabis use and the mental health of young people. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 2006; 40(2)105–113
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haninger K., Thompson K. M. Content and ratings of teen-rated video games. JAMA 2004; 291(7)856–865
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heyman R. B., Anglin T. M., Copperman S. M., Joffe A., McDonald C. A., Rogers P. D., et al. American Academy of Pediatrics. Committee on Substance Abuse. Marijuana: a continuing concern for pediatricians. Pediatrics 1999; 104: 982–985, (4 Pt 1)
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hill A. B. The environment and disease: associations or causation?. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine 1965; 58: 295–300
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jackson C., Henriksen L., Foshee V. The authoritative parenting index: predicting health risk behaviors among children and adolescents. Health Education & Behavior 1998; 25(3)319–337
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kroenke K., Spitzer R. L., Williams J. B. The patient health questionnaire-2: validity of a two-item depression screener. Medical Care 2003; 41(11)1284–1292
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lazev A. B., Herzog T. A., Brandon T. H. Classical conditions of environmental cues to cigarette smoking. Experimental & Clinical Psychopharmacology 1999; 7(1)56–63
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lynskey M., Hall W. The effects of adolescent cannabis use on educational attainment: a review. Addiction 2000; 95(11)1621–1630
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McKee S. A., Wall A.-M., Hinson R. E., Goldstein A., Bissonnette M. Effects of an implicit mood prime on the accessibility of smoking expectancies in college women. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors 2003; 17(3)219–225
   Google Scholar
• Mokdad A. H., Marks J. S., Stroup D. F., Gerberding J. L. Actual causes of death in the United States, 2000. JAMA 2004; 291(10)1238–1245
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pierce J. P., Choi W. S., Gilpin E. A., Farkas A. J., Berry C. C. Tobacco industry promotion of cigarettes and adolescent smoking. JAMA 1998; 279(7)511–515
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Primack B. A., Gold M. A., Land S. R., Fine M. J. Association of cigarette smoking and media literacy about smoking among adolescents. Journal of Adolescent Health 2006a; 39: 465–472
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Primack B. A., Gold M. A., Switzer G. E., Hobbs R., Land S. R., Fine M. J. Development and validation of a smoking media literacy scale. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine 2006b; 160: 369–374
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Primack B. A., Switzer G. E., Dalton M. A. Improving measurement of smoking normative beliefs among adolescents. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine 2007; 161: 434–439
   Google Scholar
• Raphael B., Wooding S., Stevens G., Connor J. Comorbidity: cannabis and complexity. Journal of Psychiatry Practice 2005; 11(3)161–176
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ribisl K. M. The potential of the internet as a medium to encourage and discourage youth tobacco use. Tobacco Control 2003; 12(Suppl. 1)i48–i59
   Google Scholar
• Ribisl K. M., Lee R. E., Henriksen L., Haladjian H. H. A content analysis of Web sites promoting smoking culture and lifestyle. Health Education & Behavior 2003; 30(1)64–78
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rideout V., Roberts D., Foehr U. Generation M: media in the lives of 8–18 year-olds. Kaiser Family Foundationo, Menlo Park, CA 2005
   Google Scholar
• Roberts D. F., Christenson P. G., Henriksen L., Brandy E. Substance use in popular music videos. Office of National Drug Control Policyo, Washington, DC 2002
   Google Scholar
• Roberts D. F., Henriksen L., Christenson P. G. Substance use in popular movies and music. Office of National Drug Control Policyo, Washington, DC 1999
   Google Scholar
• Robinson T. N., Chen H. L., Killen J. D. Television and music video exposure and risk of adolescent alcohol use. Pediatrics 1998; 102(5)E54
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sargent J. D., Beach M. L., Adachi-Mejia A. M., Gibson J. J., Titus-Ernstoff L. T., Carusi C. P., et al. Exposure to movie smoking: its relation to smoking initiation among US adolescents. Pediatrics 2005; 116(5)1183–1191
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sargent J. D., Beach M. L., Dalton M. A., Mott L. A., Tickle J. J., Ahrens M. B., et al. Effect of seeing tobacco use in films on trying smoking among adolescents: cross sectional study. BMJ 2001; 323(7326)1394–1397
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sargent J. D., Wills T. A., Stoolmiller M., Gibson J., Gibbons F. X. Alcohol use in motion pictures and its relation with early-onset teen drinking. Journal of Studies on Alcohol 2006; 67(1)54–65
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith G. S., Branas C. C., Miller T. R. Fatal nontraffic injuries involving alcohol: A metaanalysis. Annals of Emergency Medicine 1999; 33(6)659–668
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith G. M., Fogg C. P. Psychological antecedents of teenage drug use. Research in community and mental health: an annual compilation of research, R. Simmons. JAI, Greenwich, CT 1979; Vol. 1: 87–102
   Google Scholar
• Snyder L. B., Milici F. F., Slater M., Sun H., Strizhakova Y. Effects of alcohol advertising exposure on drinking among youth. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine 2006; 160(1)18–24
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stahre M., Brewer R., Naimi T., Miller J. Alcohol-attributable deaths and years of potential life lost – United States, 2001. MMWR 2004; 53(37)866–870
   Google Scholar
• Strang J., McCambridge J. Are cannabis users exposed to other drug use opportunities? Investigation of high-risk drug exposure opportunities among young cannabis users in London. Drug and Alcohol Review 2005; 24(2)185–191
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sutherland I., Shepherd J. P. Adolescents' beliefs about future substance use: a comparison of current users and non-users of cigarettes, alcohol and illicit drugs. Journal of Adolescence 2002; 25(2)169–181
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Thompson K. M., Tepichin K., Haninger K. Content and ratings of mature-rated video games. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine 2006; 160(4)402–410
   Google Scholar
• Wakefield M., Flay B., Nichter M., Giovino G. Role of the media in influencing trajectories of youth smoking. Addiction 2003; 98(Suppl. 1)79–103
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Willner P., Field M., Pitts K., Reeve G. Mood, cue and gender influences on motivation, craving and liking for alcohol in recreational drinkers. Behavioural Pharmacology 1998; 9(7)631–642
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zuckerman M., Ball S., Black J. Influences of sensation seeking, gender, risk appraisal, and situational motivation on smoking. Addictive Behaviors 1990; 15(3)209–220
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar