Effects of Social Support and 12-Step Involvement on Recovery among People in Continuing Care for Cocaine Dependence

References

• Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173–1182. doi:10.1037//0022-3514.51.6.1173
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bathish, R., Best, D., Savic, M., Beckwith, M., Mackenzie, J., & Lubman, D. I. (2017). “Is it me or should my friends take the credit?” The role of social networks and social identity in recovery from addiction. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 47(1), 35–46. doi:10.1111/jasp.12420
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beattie, M. C., & Longabaugh, R. (1997). Interpersonal factors and post‐treatment drinking and subjective wellbeing. Addiction, 92(11), 1507–1521. doi:10.1046/j.1360-0443.1997.9211150711.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Best, D., Beckwith, M., Haslam, C., Alexander Haslam, S., Jetten, J., Mawson, E., & Lubman, D. I. (2016). Overcoming alcohol and other drug addiction as a process of social identity transition: The social identity model of recovery (SIMOR). Addiction Research & Theory, 24(2), 111–123. doi:10.3109/16066359.2015.1075980
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boisvert, R. A., Martin, L. M., Grosek, M., & Clarie, A. J. (2008). Effectiveness of a peer‐ support community in addiction recovery: Participation as intervention. Occupational Therapy International, 15(4), 205–220. doi:10.1002/oti.257
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Booth, B. M., Russell, D. W., Soucek, S., & Laughlin, P. R. (1992). Social support and outcome of alcoholism treatment: An exploratory analysis. The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, 18(1), 87–101. doi:10.3109/00952999209001614
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cavaiola, A. A., Fulmer, B. A., & Stout, D. (2015). The impact of social support and attachment style on quality of life and readiness to change in a sample of individuals receiving medication-assisted treatment for opioid dependence. Substance Abuse, 36(2), 183–191. doi:10.1080/08897077.2015.1019662
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chakravorty, S., Kuna, S. T., Zaharakis, N., O’Brien, C. P., Kampman, K. M., & Oslin, D. (2010). Covariates of craving in actively drinking alcoholics. The American Journal on Addictions, 19(5), 450–457. doi:10.1111/j.1521-0391.2010.00067.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Copello, A., & Orford, J. (2002). Addiction and the family: Is it time for services to take notice of the evidence? Addiction (Abingdon, England), 97(11), 1361–1363.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Covington, S. (2002). Helping women recover: Creating gender-responsive treatment. In S. L. A. Straussner & S. Brown (Eds.), The handbook of addiction treatment for women: Theory and practice (pp. 52–72). John Wiley and Sons.
   Google Scholar
• Cox Jr, R. B., Ketner, J. S., & Blow, A. J. (2013). Working with couples and substance abuse: Recommendations for clinical practice. The American Journal of Family Therapy, 41(2), 160–172. doi:10.1080/01926187.2012.670608
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Day, E., Copello, A., Karia, M., Roche, J., Grewal, P., George, S., … Chohan, G. (2013). Social network support for individuals receiving opiate substitution treatment and its association with treatment progress. European Addiction Research, 19(4), 211–221. doi:10.1159/000343827
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DiClemente, C. C., Carbonari, J., Zweben, A., Morrel, T., & Lee, R. E. (2001). Motivation hypothesis causal chain analysis. Project MATCH Hypotheses: Results and Causal Chain Analyses, 8, 206–222.
   Google Scholar
• DiClemente, C. C., Schlundt, D., & Gemmell, L. (2004). Readiness and stages of change in addiction treatment. The American Journal on Addictions, 13(2), 103–119. doi:10.1080/10550490490435777
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dobkin, P. L., Civita, M. D., Paraherakis, A., & Gill, K. (2002). The role of functional social support in treatment retention and outcomes among outpatient adult substance abusers. Addiction, 97(3), 347–356. doi:10.1046/j.1360-0443.2002.00083.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ehrman, R. N., & Robbins, S. J. (1994). Reliability and validity of 6-month timeline reports of cocaine and heroin use in a methadone population. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 62(4), 843–850. doi:10.1037//0022-006X.62.4.843
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• El-Bassel, N., Gilbert, L., Wu, E., Witte, S. S., Chang, M., Hill, J., & Remien, R. H. (2011). Couple-based HIV prevention for low-income drug users from New York City: A randomized controlled trial to reduce dual risks. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 58(2), 198–206. doi:10.1097/QAI.0b013e318229eab1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ellis, B., Bernichon, T., Yu, P., Roberts, T., & Herrell, J. M. (2004). Effect of social support on substance abuse relapse in a residential treatment setting for women. Evaluation and Program Planning, 27(2), 213–221. doi:10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2004.01.011
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fals-Stewart, W., O'Farrell, T. J., Freitas, T. T., McFarlin, S. K., & Rutigliano, P. (2000). The timeline followback reports of psychoactive substance use by drug-abusing patients: Psychometric properties. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 68(1), 134–144. doi:10.1037//0022-006X.68.1.134
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• First, M. B., Spitzer, R. L., Gibbon, M., & Williams, J. B. W. (2012). Structured clinical interview for DSM-IV® Axis I disorders (SCID-I), clinical version, administration booklet. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc.
   Google Scholar
• Ghisletta, P., & Spini, D. (2004). An introduction to generalized estimating equations and an application to assess selectivity effects in a longitudinal study on very old individuals. Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 29(4), 421–437. doi:10.3102/10769986029004421
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gossop, M., Stewart, D., & Marsden, J. (2008). Attendance at Narcotics Anonymous and Alcoholics Anonymous meetings, frequency of attendance and substance use outcomes after residential treatment for drug dependence: A 5‐year follow‐up study. Addiction, 103(1), 119–125. doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2007.02050.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hall, S. M., Havassy, B. E., & Wasserman, D. A. (1990). Commitment to abstinence and acute stress in relapse to alcohol, opiates, and nicotine. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 58(2), 175.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hall, S. M., Havassy, B. E., & Wasserman, D. A. (1991). Effects of commitment to abstinence, positive moods, stress, and coping on relapse to cocaine use. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 59(4), 526. doi:10.1037//0022-006X.59.4.526
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harris, J., Best, D., Gossop, M., Marshall, J., Man, L. H., Manning, V., & Strang, J. (2003). Prior Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) affiliation and the acceptability of the Twelve Steps to patients entering UK statutory addiction treatment. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 64(2), 257–261. doi:10.15288/jsa.2003.64.257
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Havassy, B. E., Hall, S. M., & Wasserman, D. A. (1991). Social support and relapse: Commonalities among alcoholics, opiate users, and cigarette smokers. Addictive Behaviors, 16(5), 235–246. doi:10.1016/0306-4603(91)90016-B
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hogue, A., Henderson, C. E., Dauber, S., Barajas, P. C., Fried, A., & Liddle, H. A. (2008). Treatment adherence, competence, and outcome in individual and family therapy for adolescent behavior problems. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 76(4), 544. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.76.4.544
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hser, Y. I., Huang, D., Teruya, C., & Anglin, M. D. (2003). Gender comparisons of drug abuse treatment outcomes and predictors. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 72(3), 255–264.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Humphreys, K. (1999). Professional interventions that facilitate 12-step self-help group involvement. Alcohol Research & Health, 23(2), 93–93.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaskutas, L. A., Bond, J., & Humphreys, K. (2002). Social networks as mediators of the effect of alcoholics anonymous. Addiction (Abingdon, England), 97(7), 891–900.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kelly, J. F., Stout, R. L., Greene, M. C., & Slaymaker, V. (2014). Young adults, social networks, and addiction recovery: Post treatment changes in social ties and their role as a mediator of 12-step participation. PLoS One, 9(6), e100121. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0100121
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kidorf, M., Brooner, R. K., & King, V. L. (1997). Motivating methadone patients to include drug-free significant others in treatment: A behavioral intervention. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 14(1), 23–28. doi:10.1016/S0740-5472(96)00121-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kidorf, M., Brooner, R. K., Peirce, J., Gandotra, J., & Leoutsakos, J. M. (2018). Mobilizing community support in people receiving opioid-agonist treatment: A group approach. Journal of substance abuse treatment, 93, 1–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liddle, H. A. (2004). Family‐based therapies for adolescent alcohol and drug use: Research contributions and future research needs. Addiction, 99(s2), 76–92. doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2004.00856.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Litt, M. D., Kadden, R. M., Kabela-Cormier, E., & Petry, N. M. (2009). Changing network support for drinking: Network support project 2-year follow-up. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 77(2), 229. doi:10.1037/a0015252
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Litt, M. D., Kadden, R. M., Tennen, H., & Kabela-Cormier, E. (2016). Network Support II: Randomized controlled trial of network support treatment and cognitive behavioral therapy for alcohol use disorder. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 165, 203–212.
   Google Scholar
• Longabaugh, R., Wirtz, P. W., Zweben, A., & Stout, R. L. (1998). Network support for drinking, alcoholics anonymous and long‐term matching effects. Addiction, 93(9), 1313–1333. doi:10.1046/j.1360-0443.1998.93913133.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Longabaugh, R., Wirtz, P. W., Zywiak, W. H., & O'Malley, S. S. (2010). Network support as a prognostic indicator of drinking outcomes: The COMBINE study. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, 71(6), 837–846. doi:10.15288/jsad.2010.71.837
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maisto, S. A., Connors, G. J., & Zywiak, W. H. (2000). Alcohol treatment changes in coping skills, self-efficacy, and levels of alcohol use and related problems 1 year following treatment initiation. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 14(3), 257. doi:10.1037//0893-164X.14.3.257
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mason, W. A., & Windle, M. (2002). Family, religious, school, and peer influences on adolescent alcohol use. Prevention Researcher, 9(3), 6–7.
   Google Scholar
• McCrady, B. S. (2004). To have but one true friend: Implications for practice of research on alcohol use disorders and social network. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 18(2), 113. doi:10.1037/0893-164X.18.2.113
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McKay, J. R., Alterman, A. I., McLellan, A. T., & Snider, E. C. (1994). Treatment goals, continuity of care, and outcome in a day hospital substance abuse rehabilitation program. American Journal of Psychiatry, 151(2), 254–259. doi:10.1176/ajp.151.2.254
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McKay, J. R., Van Horn, D. H. A., Oslin, D. W., Lynch, K. G., Ivey, M., Ward, K., … Coviello, D. M. (2010). A randomized trial of extended telephone-based continuing care for alcohol dependence: Within-treatment substance use outcomes. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 78(6), 912. doi:10.1037/a0020700
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McKay, J. R., Van Horn, D., Rennert, L., Drapkin, M., Ivey, M., & Koppenhaver, J. (2013). Factors in sustained recovery from cocaine dependence. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 45(2), 163–172. doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2013.02.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McLellan, A., Thomas, H., Kushner, D., Metzger, R., Peters, I., Smith, G., … Argeriou, M. (1992). The fifth edition of the addiction severity index. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 9(3), 199–213.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meyers, R. J., Villanueva, M., & Smith, J. E. (2005). The community reinforcement approach: History and new directions. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy, 19(3), 247.
   Google Scholar
• Moos, R. H., & Moos, B. S. (2006). Participation in treatment and alcoholics anonymous: A 16‐year follow‐up of initially untreated individuals. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 62(6), 735–750. doi:10.1002/jclp.20259
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moos, R. H. (2008). Active ingredients of substance use-focused self-help groups. Addiction, 103(3), 387–396.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morgenstern, J., & McKay, J. R. (2007). Rethinking the paradigms that inform behavioral treatment research for substance use disorders. Addiction (Abingdon, England), 102(9), 1377–1389. doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2007.01882.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Polcin, D. L., & Korcha, R. (2017). Social support influences on substance abuse outcomes among sober living house residents with low and moderate psychiatric severity. Journal of Alcohol and Drug Education, 61(1), 51–70.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Powers, M. B., Vedel, E., & Emmelkamp, P. M. (2008). Behavioral couples therapy (BCT) for alcohol and drug use disorders: A meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 28(6), 952–962. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2008.02.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prochaska, J. O., & DiClemente, C. C. (1984). Self change processes, self efficacy and decisional balance across five stages of smoking cessation. Progress in Clinical and Biological Research, 156, 131.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Procidano, M. E., & Heller, K. (1983). Measures of perceived social support from friends and from family: Three validation studies. American Journal of Community Psychology, 11(1), 1–24. doi:10.1007/BF00898416
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roberts, A., Jackson, M. S., & Carlton-LaNey, I. (2000). Revisiting the need for feminism and afrocentric theory when treating African-American female substance abusers. Journal of Drug Issues, 30(4), 901–917. doi:10.1177/002204260003000413
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Room, R., Greenfield, T. K., & Weisner, C. (1991). People who might have liked you to drink less: Changing responses to drinking by US family members and friends, 1979–1990. Contemporary Drug Problems, 18, 573.
   Google Scholar
• Simmons, J., Singer, M. (2006). I love you … and heroin: Care and collusion among drug- using couples. Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy, 1(1), 1–13. doi:10.1186/1747-597X-1-7
   Google Scholar
• Smith, D. C., Davis, J. P., Ureche, D. J., & Dumas, T. M. (2016). Six month outcomes of a peer- enhanced community reinforcement approach for emerging adults with substance misuse: A Preliminary Study. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 61, 66–73. doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2015.09.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sobell, L. C., & Sobell, M. B. (1992). Timeline follow-back. In Measuring alcohol consumption (pp. 41–72). New Jersey: Humana Press.
   Google Scholar
• Stout, R. L., Kelly, J. F., Magill, M., & Pagano, M. E. (2012). Association between social influences and drinking outcomes across three years. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, 73(3), 489–497. doi:10.15288/jsad.2012.73.489
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Timko, C., & DeBenedetti, A. (2007). A randomized controlled trial of intensive referral to 12-step self-help groups: One-year outcomes. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 90(2-3), 270–279. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2007.04.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Urberg, K. A., Değirmencioğlu, S. M., & Pilgrim, C. (1997). Close friend and group influence on adolescent cigarette smoking and alcohol use. Developmental Psychology, 33(5), 834. doi:10.1037//0012-1649.33.5.834
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Melick, M., McCartney, D., & Best, D. (2013). Ongoing recovery support and peer networks: A preliminary investigation of recovery peer supporters and their peers. Journal of Groups in Addiction & Recovery, 8(3), 185–199. doi:10.1080/1556035X.2013.785211
   Google Scholar
• Vanderplasschen, W., Colpaert, K., Autrique, M., Rapp, R. C., Pearce, S., Broekaert, E., & Vandevelde, S. (2013). Therapeutic communities for addictions: A review of their effectiveness from a recovery-oriented perspective. The Scientific World Journal, 2013, 1. doi:10.1155/2013/427817
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wasserman, D. A., Stewart, A. L., & Delucchi, K. L. (2001). Social support and abstinence from opiates and cocaine during opioid maintenance treatment. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 65(1), 65–75. doi:10.1016/S0376-8716(01)00151-X
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wechsberg, W. M., El-Bassel, N., Carney, T., Browne, F. A., Myers, B., & Zule, W. A. (2015). Adapting an evidence-based HIV behavioral intervention for South African couples. Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy, 10(1), 6. doi:10.1186/s13011-015-0005-6
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Weiss, R. D., Griffin, M. L., Gallop, R. J., Najavits, L. M., Frank, A., Crits-Christoph, P., … Luborsky, L. (2005). The effect of 12-step self-help group attendance and participation on drug use outcomes among cocaine-dependent patients. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 77(2), 177–184. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2004.08.012
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weiss, R. D., Griffin, M. L., Najavits, L. M., Hufford, C., Kogan, J., Thompson, H. J., … Siqueland, L. (1996). Self-help activities in cocaine dependent patients entering treatment: Results from the NIDA collaborative cocaine treatment study. Drug & Alcohol Dependence, 43(1), 79–86. doi:10.1016/S0376-8716(96)01292-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Windle, M. (1991). The difficult temperament in adolescence: Associations with substance use, family support, and problem behaviors. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 47(2), 310–315. doi:10.1002/1097-4679(199103)47:2<310::AID-JCLP2270470219>3.0.CO;2-U
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ye, Y., & Kaskutas, L. A. (2009). Using propensity scores to adjust for selection bias when assessing the effectiveness of Alcoholics Anonymous in observational studies. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 104(1–2), 56–64.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zywiak, W. H., Longabaugh, R., & Wirtz, P. W. (2002). Decomposing the relationships between pretreatment social network characteristics and alcohol treatment outcome. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 63(1), 114–121.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar