Smoking-Related Differential Influence of Alcohol Consumption on the Metabolic Syndrome

References

• Alberti, K. G., Eckel, R. H., Grundy, S. M., Zimmet, P. Z., Cleeman, J. I., Donato, K. A., … Smith, S. C. Jr.(2009). Harmonizing the metabolic syndrome: A joint interim statement of the International Diabetes Federation Task Force on Epidemiology and Prevention; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; American Heart Association; World Heart Federation; International Atherosclerosis Society; and International Association for the Study of Obesity. Circulation, 120, 1640–1645.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alkerwi, A., Boutsen, M., Vaillant, M., Barre, J., Lair, M. L., Albert, A., … Dramaix, M. (2009). Alcohol consumption and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome: A meta-analysis of observational studies. Atherosclerosis, 204(2), 624–635. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2008.10.036
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Athyros, V. G., Liberopoulos, E. N., Mikhailidis, D. P., Papageorgiou, A. A., Ganotakis, E. S., Tziomalos, K., … Elisaf, M. (2008). Association of drinking pattern and alcohol beverage type with the prevalence of metabolic syndrome, diabetes, coronary heart disease, stroke, and peripheral arterial disease in a Mediterranean cohort. Angiology, 58(6), 689–697. doi: 10.1177/0003319707306146
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baik, I., & Shin, C. (2008). Prospective study of alcohol consumption and metabolic syndrome. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 87(5), 1455–1463. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/87.5.1455
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chang, C. S., Chang, Y. F., Liu, P. Y., Chen, C. Y., Tsai, Y. S., & Wu, C. H. (2012). Smoking, habitual tea drinking and metabolic syndrome in elderly men living in rural community: The Tianliao old people (TOP) study 02. PLoS One, 7(6), e38874. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0038874
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fan, A. Z., & Dwyer, J. H. (2007). Sex differences in the relation of HDL cholesterol to progression of carotid intima-media thickness: The Los Angeles Atherosclerosis Study. Atherosclerosis, 195(1), e191–196. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2007.03.045
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fan, A. Z., Russell, M., Naimi, T., Li, Y., Liao, Y., Jiles, R., & Mokdad, A. H. (2008). Patterns of alcohol consumption and the metabolic syndrome. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 93(10), 3833–3838. doi: 10.1210/jc.2007-2788
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fan, A. Z., Russell, M., Stranges, S., Dorn, J., & Trevisan, M. (2008). Association of lifetime alcohol drinking trajectories with cardiometabolic risk. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 93(1), 154–161. doi: 10.1210/jc.2007-1395
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Florescu, A., Ferrence, R., Einarson, T., Selby, P., Soldin, O., & Koren, G. (2009). Methods for quantification of exposure to cigarette smoking and environmental tobacco smoke: Focus on developmental toxicology. Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, 31(1), 14–30. doi: 10.1097/FTD.0b013e3181957a3b
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Freiberg, M. S., Cabral, H. J., Heeren, T. C., Vasan, R. S., & Curtis Ellison, R. (2004). Alcohol consumption and the prevalence of the Metabolic Syndrome in the US: A cross-sectional analysis of data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Diabetes Care, 27(12), 2954–2959. doi: 10.2337/diacare.27.12.2954
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grundy, S. M., Cleeman, J. I., Daniels, S. R., Donato, K. A., Eckel, R. H., Franklin, B. A., … Costa, F. (2005). Diagnosis and management of the metabolic syndrome: An American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Scientific Statement. Circulation, 112(17), 2735–2752. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.169404
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hata, Y., & Nakajima, K. (2000). Life-style and serum lipids and lipoproteins. Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis, 7(4), 177–197. doi: 10.5551/jat1994.7.177
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jin, L., Huang, Y., Bi, Y., Zhao, L., Xu, M., Xu, Y., … Ning, G. (2011). Association between alcohol consumption and metabolic syndrome in 19,215 middle-aged and elderly Chinese. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 92(3), 386–392. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2011.02.033
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kloner, R. A., & Rezkalla, S. H. (2007). To drink or not to drink? That is the question. Circulation, 116(11), 1306–1317. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.678375
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kweon, S., Kim, Y., Jang, M. J., Kim, Y., Kim, K., Choi, S., … Oh, K. (2014). Data resource profile: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). International Journal of Epidemiology, 43(1), 69–77. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyt228
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lawrence, T., Aveyard, P., & Croghan, E. (2003). What happens to women's self-reported cigarette consumption and urinary cotinine levels in pregnancy? Addiction, 98(9), 1315–1320. doi: 10.1046/j.1360-0443.2003.00485.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lewis, S. J., Cherry, N. M., Mc, L. N. R., Barber, P. V., Wilde, K., & Povey, A. C. (2003). Cotinine levels and self-reported smoking status in patients attending a bronchoscopy clinic. Biomarkers, 8(3-4), 218–228. doi: 10.1080/1354750031000120125
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Littleton, J., Barron, S., Prendergast, M., & Nixon, S. J. (2007). Smoking kills (alcoholics)! Shouldn't we do something about it?. Alcohol and Alcoholism, 42(3), 167–173. doi: 10.1093/alcalc/agm019
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oh, S. W., Yoon, Y. S., Lee, E. S., Kim, W. K., Park, C., Lee, S., … Yoo, T. (2005). Association between cigarette smoking and metabolic syndrome: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Diabetes Care, 28(8), 2064–2066. doi: 10.2337/diacare.28.8.2064
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park, S. H. (2012). Association between alcohol consumption and metabolic syndrome among Korean adults: Nondrinker versus lifetime abstainer as a reference group. Substance Use & Misuse, 47(4), 442–449. doi: 10.3109/10826084.2011.648043
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park, S. H., Kim, C. H., Kim, D. J., Park, J. H., Kim, T. O., Yang, S. Y., … Lee, H. Y. (2011). Prevalence of alcoholic liver disease among Korean adults: Results from the fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2009. Substance Use & Misuse, 46(14), 1755–1762. doi: 10.3109/10826084.2011.620053
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park, S. H., Kim, C. H., Kim, D. J., Suk, K. T., Park, H. Y., Lee, J. G., … Lee, H. Y. (2012). Secular trends in prevalence of alcohol use disorder and its correlates in Korean adults: Results from Korea national health and nutrition examination survey 2005 and 2009. Substance Abuse, 33(4), 327–335. doi: 10.1080/08897077.2012.662209
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Puddey, I. B., & Beilin, L. J. (2006). Alcohol is bad for blood pressure. Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology, 33(9), 847–852. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.2006.04452.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rehm, J., Klotsche, J., & Patra, J. (2007). Comparative quantification of alcohol exposure as risk factor for global burden of disease. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research, 16(2), 66–76. doi: 10.1002/mpr.204
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Santos, A. C., Ebrahim, S., & Barros, H. (2007). Alcohol intake, smoking, sleeping hours, physical activity and the metabolic syndrome. Preventive Medicine, 44(4), 328–334. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2006.11.016
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shaper, A. G., Wannamethee, G., & Walker, M. (1988). Alcohol and mortality in British men: Explaining the U-shaped curve. Lancet (London, England), 2(8623), 1267–1273. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(88)92890-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takeuchi, T., Nakao, M., Nomura, K., & Yano, E. (2009). Association of metabolic syndrome with smoking and alcohol intake in Japanese men. Nicotine & Tobacco Research: Official Journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, 11(9), 1093–1098. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntp106
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wakabayashi, I. (2010). Cross-sectional relationship between alcohol consumption and prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Japanese men and women. Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis, 17(7), 695–704. doi: 10.5551/jat.3517
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wannamethee, S. G., & Shaper, A. G. (1997). Lifelong teetotallers, ex-drinkers and drinkers: Mortality and the incidence of major coronary heart disease events in middle-aged British men. International Journal of Epidemiology, 26(3), 523–531. doi: 10.1093/ije/26.3.523
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wannamethee, S. G., Shaper, A. G., & Whincup, P. H. (2006). Modifiable lifestyle factors and the metabolic syndrome in older men: Effects of lifestyle changes. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 54(12), 1909–1914. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2006.00974.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoon, Y. S., Oh, S. W., Baik, H. W., Park, H. S., & Kim, W. Y. (2004). Alcohol consumption and the metabolic syndrome in Korean adults: The 1998 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 80(1), 217–224. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/80.1.217
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar