References
- Aziz, S. R. (2010). Coming to America: Betel nut and oral submucous fibrosis. The Journal of the American Dental Association, 141(4), 423–428. doi:10.14219/jada.archive.2010.0194
- Bray, F., Ferlay, J., Soerjomataram, I., Siegel, R. L., Torre, L. A., & Jemal, A. (2018). Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 68(6), 394–424.
- Campbell, R., Starkey, F., Holliday, J., Audrey, S., Bloor, M., Parry-Langdon, N., … Moore, L. (2008). An informal school-based peer-led intervention for smoking prevention in adolescence (ASSIST): A cluster randomised trial. The Lancet, 371(9624), 1595–1602. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60692-3
- Chang, L. (2006). A new health education instrument for occupational health promotion—Transtheoretical Model approach. International Congress Series, 1294, 115–118. doi:10.1016/j.ics.2006.01.014
- Changrani, J., Gany, F. M., & Cruz, G. (2006). Paan and gutka use in the United States: A pilot study in Bangladeshi and Indian-Gujarati immigrants in New York City. Journal of Immigrant & Refugee Studies, 4, 99–110. doi:10.1300/J500v04n01_07
- Chen, S.-H., Lee, J.-M., Liu, H.-H., Wang, H.-C., & Ye, C.-Y. (2011). The cross-effects of cigarette and betel nut consumption in Taiwan: Have tax increases made a difference? Health Policy and Planning, 26(3), 266–273. doi:10.1093/heapol/czq041
- Chiba, I. (2001). Prevention of betel quid chewers’ oral cancer in the Asian-Pacific Area. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention: APJCP, 2(4), 263–269.
- Croucher, R., Islam, S., & Jarvis, M. (2003). Oral tobacco cessation with UK resident Bangladeshi women: A community pilot investigation. Health Education Research, 18(2), 216–223. doi:10.1093/her/18.2.216
- Croucher, R., Shanbhag, S., Dahiya, M., Kassim, S., & McNeill, A. (2012). Predictors of successful short‐term tobacco cessation in UK resident female Bangladeshi tobacco chewers. Addiction, 107(7), 1354–1358. doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2012.03819.x
- Franke, A. A., Li, X., & Lai, J. F. (2016). Pilot study of the pharmacokinetics of betel nut and betel quid biomarkers in saliva, urine, and hair of betel consumers. Drug Testing and Analysis, 8(10), 1095–1099. doi:10.1002/dta.1912
- Garg, A., Chaturvedi, P., & Gupta, P. C. (2014). A review of the systemic adverse effects of areca nut or betel nut. Indian Journal of Medical and Paediatric Oncology, 35, 3. doi:10.4103/0971-5851.133702
- Gupta, P. (1991). Betel quid and oral cancer: Prospects for prevention. IARC Scientific Publications, 105, 466–470.
- Gupta, P. C., Arora, M., Sinha, D. N., Asma, S., Parascandola, M. (eds.) (2016). Smokeless tobacco and public health in India. New Delhi: Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India. Available at: https://nhm.gov.in/NTCP/Surveys-Reports-Publications/Smokeless_Tobacco_and_Public_Health_in_India.pdf (Accessed 12 November 2019).
- Gupta, B., & Johnson, N. W. (2014). Systematic review and meta-analysis of association of smokeless tobacco and of betel quid without tobacco with incidence of oral cancer in South Asia and the Pacific. PLoS One, 9(11), e113385. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0113385
- Gupta, B., Johnson, N. W., & Kumar, N. (2016). Global epidemiology of head and neck cancers: A continuing challenge. Oncology, 91(1), 13–23. doi:10.1159/000446117
- Gupta, P., & Warnakulasuriya, S. (2002). Global epidemiology of areca nut usage. Addiction Biology, 7(1), 77–83. doi:10.1080/13556210020091437
- Hussain, A., Zaheer, S., & Shafique, K. (2018). School-based behavioral intervention to reduce the habit of smokeless tobacco and betel quid use in high-risk youth in Karachi: A randomized controlled trial. PloS One, 13(11), e0206919. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0206919
- International Agency for Research on Cancer. (2004). IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans, volume 85. Betel-quid and Areca-nut Chewing and Some Areca-nut-derived Nitrosamines. Lyon, France: IARC. Retrieved from http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Monographs/vol85/mono85.pdf
- Kumar, G., Pednekar, M. S., Narake, S., Dhumal, G., & Gupta, P. C. (2018). Feedback from vendors on gutka ban in two States of India. Indian Journal of Medical Research, 148(1), 98. doi:10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_121_18
- Lechner, M., Breeze, C. E., Vaz, F., Lund, V. J., & Kotecha, B. (2019). Betel nut chewing in high-income countries—lack of awareness and regulation. The Lancet Oncology, 20(2), 181–183. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(18)30911-2
- Lee, C.-Y., Wu, C.-F., & Chen, C.-M. (2018). Qualitative study for betel quid cessation among oral cancer patients. PloS One, 13, e0199503. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0199503
- Lee, J.-M. (2007). The synergistic effect of cigarette taxes on the consumption of cigarettes, alcohol and betel nuts. BMC Public Health, 7(1), 121. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-7-121
- Mall, A. S. K., & Bhagyalaxmi, A. (2017). An informal school-based, peer-led intervention for prevention of tobacco consumption in adolescence: A cluster randomized trial in rural Gandhinagar. Indian Journal of Community Medicine, 42, 143–146. doi:10.4103/ijcm.IJCM_25_16
- Mishra, G. A., Gunjal, S. S., Pimple, S. A., Majmudar, P. V., Gupta, S. D., & Shastri, S. S. (2014). Impact of 'gutkha and pan masala ban' in the state of Maharashtra on users and vendors. Indian Journal of Cancer, 51(2), 129. doi:10.4103/0019-509X.138182
- Moss, J., Kawamoto, C., & Pokhrel, P. (2015). Developing a betel quid cessation program on the island of Guam. Pacific Asia Inquiry: multidisciplinary Perspectives, 6, 144.
- Murukutla, N., Turk, T., Prasad, C. V. S., Saradhi, R., Kaur, J., Gupta, S., … Wakefield, M. (2012). Results of a national mass media campaign in India to warn against the dangers of smokeless tobacco consumption. Tobacco Control, 21(1), 12–17. doi:10.1136/tc.2010.039438
- Nair, S., Schensul, J. J., Bilgi, S., Kadam, V., D’Mello, S., & Donta, B. (2012). Local Responses to the Maharashtra Gutkha and Pan Masala Ban: A Report from Mumbai. Indian Journal of Cancer, 49(4), 443. doi:10.4103/0019-509X.107754
- Paulino, Y. C. (2019). Testing the effectiveness of a betel nut cessation program (BENIT). Retrieved from https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02942745
- Pimple, S., Gunjal, S., & Mishra, G. (2014). Compliance to Gutka ban and other provisions of COTPA in Mumbai. Indian Journal of Cancer, 51, 60. doi:10.4103/0019-509X.138182
- Raja, M., Saha, S., & Mohd, S. (2014). Cognitive behavioural therapy versus basic health education for tobacco cessation among tobacco users: A randomized clinical trail. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, 8, ZC47. doi:10.7860/JCDR/2014/8015.4279
- Sankaranarayanan, R., Ramadas, K., & Amarasinghe, H. (2015). Oral cancer: Prevention, early detection, and treatment. Disease Control Priorities (Vol. 3, 3rd ed.). Washington, DC: The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development.
- Shi, L. L., Bradford, E., & Depalo, D. E. (2017). Betel quid use and oral cancer in a high-risk refugee community in the USA: The effectiveness of an awareness initiative. Journal of Cancer Education, 34, 1–6. doi:10.1007/s13187-017-1303-7
- Shrestha, A., & Rimal, J. (2018). Effectiveness of a mass media campaign on oral carcinogens and their effects on the oral cavity. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 19, 819. doi:10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.2.411
- Siddiqi, K., Dogar, O., Rashid, R., Jackson, C., Kellar, I., O’Neill, N., … Khan, J. (2016). Behaviour change intervention for smokeless tobacco cessation: Its development, feasibility and fidelity testing in Pakistan and in the UK. BMC Public Health, 16(1), 501. doi:10.1186/s12889-016-3177-8
- Siddique, I., & Mitchell, D. (2013). The impact of a community-based health education programme on oral cancer risk factor awareness among a Gujarati community. British Dental Journal, 215(4), E7. doi:10.1038/sj.bdj.2013.829
- Wang, S.-C., Tsai, C.-C., Huang, S.-T., & Hong, Y.-J. (2007). The effects of preventive intervention for betel nut chewing in school. Substance Abuse, 28(2), 9–19. doi:10.1300/J465v28n02_03
- World Health Organization. (2004). WHO framework convention on tobacco control. Geneva: WHO Regional Office for South-East Asia.
- World Health Organization. (2012). Review of areca (betel) nut and tobacco use in the Pacific: A technical report. Manila: WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific.
- World Health Organization. (2014). Examining the impacts of the gutka bans in selected states in India fact sheet, institute for global tobacco control. India: Johns Hopkins University & World Health Organization.
- Yang, Y.-H., Sue, R.-L., Warnakulasuriya, S., & Dasanayake, A. P. (2009). Promoting better oral health practices among aboriginal Taiwanese adolescents: A school based oral health education intervention program. Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved, 20(4 Suppl), 41–50. doi:10.1353/hpu.0.0220