References
- Adler, N., & Matthews, K. (1994). Health psychology: Why do some people get sick and some stay well?Annual Review of Psychology, 45(1), 229–259. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ps.45.020194.001305
- Aldwin, C. M., Sutton, K. J., Chiara, G., & Spiro, A. (1996). Age differences in stress, coping, and appraisal: Findings from the Normative Aging Study. The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences & Social Sciences, 51B(4), P179–P188. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/51b.4.p17
- Alexander, F., & Duff, R. W. (1988). Social interaction and alcohol use in retirement communities. The Gerontologist, 28(5), 632–636. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/28.5.632
- Alvanzo, A. A., Storr, C. L., Reboussin, B., Green, K. M., Mojtabai, R., La Flair, L. N., Cullen, B. A., Susukida, R., Seamans, M., & Crum, R. M. (2020). Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and transitions in stages of alcohol involvement among US adults: Progression and regression. Child Abuse & Neglect, 107, 104624. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104624
- American Psychiatric Association (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.). American Psychiatric Association.
- American Psychiatric Association (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). American Psychiatric Association.
- Armstrong, J. L., Ronzitti, S., Hoff, R. A., & Potenza, M. N. (2018). Gender moderates the relationship between stressful life events and psychopathology: Findings from a national study. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 107, 34–41. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2018.09.012
- Ayer, L. A., Harder, V. S., Rose, G. L., & Helzer, J. E. (2011). Drinking and stress: An examination of sex and stressor differences using IVR-based daily data. Drug & Alcohol Dependence, 115(3), 205–212. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2010.10.022
- Balk, E., Lynskey, M. T., & Agrawal, A. (2009). The association between DSM-IV nicotine dependence and stressful life events in the national epidemiologic survey on alcohol and related conditions. The American Journal of Drug & Alcohol Abuse, 35(2), 85–90. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/00952990802585430
- Boden, J. M., Fergusson, D. M., & Horwood, L. J. (2014). Associations between exposure to stressful life events and alcohol use disorder in a longitudinal birth cohort studied to age 30. Drug & Alcohol Dependence, 142, 154–160. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.06.010
- Bradizza, C. M., Brown, W. C., Ruszczyk, M. U., Dermen, K. H., Lucke, J. F., & Stasiewicz, P. R. (2018). Difficulties in emotion regulation in treatment-seeking alcoholics with and without co-occurring mood and anxiety disorders. Addictive Behaviors, 80, 6–13. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2017.12.033
- Brennan, P. L., & Moos, R. H. (1996). Late-life problem drinking: Personal and environmental risk factors for 4-year functioning outcomes and treatment seeking. Journal of Substance Abuse, 8(2), 167–180. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/s0899-3289(96)90227-8
- Brennan, P. L., Schutte, K. K., & Moos, R. H. (1999). Reciprocal relations between stressors and drinking behavior: A three-wave panel study of late middle-aged and older women and men. Addiction (Abingdon, England), 94(5), 737–749. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1360-0443.1999.94573712.x
- Businelle, M. S., Mills, B. A., Chartier, K. G., Kendzor, D. E., Reingle, J. M., & Shuval, K. (2014). Do stressful events account for the link between socioeconomic status and mental health?Journal of Public Health (Oxford, England), 36(2), 205–212. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdt060
- Cohen, S., Murphy, M. L. M., & Prather, A. A. (2019). Ten surprising facts about stressful life events and disease risk. Annual Review of Psychology, 70, 577–597. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-010418-102857
- Collins, L. M., & Wugalter, S. E. (1992). Latent class models for stage-sequential dynamic latent variables. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 27(1), 131–157. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327906mbr2701_8
- Crum, R. M., Green, K. M., Stuart, E. A., La Flair, L. N., Kealhofer, M., Young, A. S., Krawczyk, N., Tormohlen, K. N., Storr, C. L., Alvanzo, A. A. H., Mojtabai, R., Pacek, L. R., Cullen, B. A., & Reboussin, B. A. (2018). Transitions through stages of alcohol involvement: The potential role of mood disorders. Drug & Alcohol Dependence, 189, 116–124. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.02.027.
- Curtis, L. H., Hammill, B. G., Eisenstein, E. L., Kramer, J. M., & Anstrom, K. J. (2007). Using inverse probability-weighted estimators in comparative effectiveness analyses with observational databases. Medical Care, 45(10 Suppl 2), S103–S107. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1097/mlr.0b013e31806518ac
- Dich, N., & Doan, S. N. (2019). Moderate emotional reactions to stressful life events are associated with lowest risk of increased alcohol consumption: Evidence from the Whitehall II study. European Journal of Public Health, 29(4), 754–758. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckz066.
- DuGoff, E. H., Schuler, M., & Stuart, E. A. (2014). Generalizing observational study results: Applying propensity score methods to complex surveys. Health Services Research, 49(1), 284–303. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-6773.12090
- Fox, H. C., Bergquist, K. L., Hong, K., & Sinha, R. (2007). Stress-induced and alcohol cue-induced craving in recently abstinent alcohol-dependent individuals. Alcoholism, Clinical & Experimental Research, 31(3), 395–403. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1530-0277.2006.00320.x
- Grant, B. F., Dawson, D. A., Stinson, F. S., Chou, P. S., Kay, W., & Pickering, R. (2003). The Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule-IV (AUDADIS-IV): Reliability of alcohol consumption, tobacco use, family history of depression and psychiatric diagnostic modules in a general population sample. Drug & Alcohol Dependence, 71(1), 7–16. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/s0376-8716(03)00070-x.
- Grant, B. F., Dawson, D. A., Stinson, F. S., Chou, S. P., Dufour, M. C., & Pickering, R. P. (2004). The 12-month prevalence and trends in DSM-IV alcohol abuse and dependence: United States, 1991–1992 and 2001–2002. Drug & Alcohol Dependence, 74(3), 223–234. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2004.02.004.
- Grant, B. F., Goldstein, R. B., Saha, T. D., Chou, S. P., Jung, J., Zhang, H., Pickering, R. P., Ruan, W. J., Smith, S. M., Huang, B., & Hasin, D., S. (2015). Epidemiology of DSM-5 alcohol use disorder: Results from the national epidemiologic survey on alcohol and related conditions iii. JAMA Psychiatry, 72(8), 757–766. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2015.0584.
- Hasin, D. S., & Grant, B. F. (2015). The national epidemiologic survey on alcohol and related conditions (NESARC) waves 1 and 2: Review and summary of findings. Social Psychiatry & Psychiatric Epidemiology, 50(11), 1609–1640. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-015-1088-0
- Hoyland, M. A., & Latendresse, S. J. (2018). Stressful life events influence transitions among latent classes of alcohol use. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors: Journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors, 32(7), 727–737. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/adb0000412.
- José, B. S., van Oers, H. A., van de Mheen, H. D., Garretsen, H. F., Mackenbach, J. P. (2000) Stressors and alcohol consumption. Alcohol Alcohol. 35(3):307–12. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/35.3.307.
- Khantzian, E. J. (1997). The self-medication hypothesis of substance use disorders: A reconsideration and recent applications. Harvard Review of Psychiatry, 4(5), 231–244. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3109/10673229709030550
- Kendler, K. S., Hettema, J. M., Butera, F., Gardner, C. O., & Prescott, C. A. (2003). Life event dimensions of loss, humiliation, entrapment, and danger in the prediction of onsets of major depression and generalized anxiety. Archives of General Psychiatry, 60(8), 789–796. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.60.8.789
- Keyes, K. M., Hatzenbuehler, M. L., & Hasin, D. S. (2011). Stressful life experiences, alcohol consumption, and alcohol use disorders: The epidemiologic evidence for four main types of stressors. Psychopharmacology, 218(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-011-2236-1
- Krenek, M., Prince, M. A., & Maisto, S. A. (2017). Life events and alcohol use disorder clinical course: Modeling the dynamic association. Drug & Alcohol Dependence, 180, 137–143. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.08.004
- McCabe, S. E., Cranford, J. A., & Boyd, C. J. (2016). Stressful events and other predictors of remission from drug dependence in the United States: Longitudinal results from a national survey. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 71, 41–47. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2016.08.008
- McCabe, S. E., West, B. T., Strobbe, S., & Boyd, C. J. (2018). Persistence/recurrence of and remission from DSM-5 substance use disorders in the United States: Substance-specific and substance-aggregated correlates. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 93, 38–48. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2018.07.012
- McLaughlin, K. A., Conron, K. J., Koenen, K. C., & Gilman, S. E. (2010). Childhood adversity, adult stressful life events, and risk of past-year psychiatric disorder: A test of the stress sensitization hypothesis in a population-based sample of adults. Psychological Medicine, 40(10), 1647–1658. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291709992121
- Moos, R., Brennan, P., & Schutte, K. L. (1998). Life context factors, treatment, and late-life drinking behavior. In: E. S. L. Gomberg, A. M. Hegedus, & R. A. Zucjer (Eds.), Alcohol problems and aging. NIAAA research monograph no. 33, NIH Publication No. 98-4163 (pp. 261–279). Department of Health and Human Services.
- Muthén, L. K., & Muthén, B. O. (1998–2010). Mplus user’s guide (6th ed). Muthén & Muthén.
- Myers, B., McLaughlin, K. A., Wang, S., Blanco, C., & Stein, D. J. (2014). Associations between childhood adversity, adult stressful life events, and past-year drug use disorders in the National Epidemiological Study of Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC). Psychology of Addictive Behaviors: Journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors, 28(4), 1117–1126. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/a0037459
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse & Alcoholism (2020). Alcohol use disorder. https://www.niaaa.nih.gov/alcohol-health/overview-alcohol-consumption/alcohol-use-disorders
- Perreira, K. M., & Sloan, F. A. (2001). Life events and alcohol consumption among mature adults: A longitudinal analysis. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 62(4), 501–508. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.15288/jsa.2001.62.501
- Ramchandani, V. A., Stangl, B. L., Blaine, S. K., Plawecki, M. H., Schwandt, M. L., Kwako, L. E., Sinha, R., Cyders, M. A., O’Connor, S., & Zakhari, S. (2018). Stress vulnerability and alcohol use and consequences: From human laboratory studies to clinical outcomes. Alcohol (Fayetteville, NY), 72, 75–88. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.alcohol.2018.06.001
- Reboussin, B. A., Liang, K. Y., & Reboussin, D. M. (1999). Estimating equations for a latent transition model with multiple discrete indicators. Biometrics, 55(3), 839–845. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0006-341x.1999.00839.x.
- Ruan, W. J., Goldstein, R. B., Chou, S. P., Smith, S. M., Saha, T. D., Pickering, R. P., Dawson, D. A., Huang, B., Stinson, F. S., & Grant, B. F. (2008). The alcohol use disorder and associated disabilities interview schedule-IV (AUDADIS-IV): Reliability of new psychiatric diagnostic modules and risk factors in a general population sample. Drug & Alcohol Dependence, 92(1–3), 27–36. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2007.06.001.
- Rubin, D. B. (2010). Propensity score methods. American Journal of Ophthalmology, 149(1), 7–9. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajo.2009.08.024.
- Saha, T. D., Chou, S. P., & Grant, B. F. (2006). Toward an alcohol use disorder continuum using item response theory: Results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Psychological Medicine, 36(7), 931–941. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1017/S003329170600746X.
- Saha, T. D., Chou, S. P., & Grant, B. F. (2020). The performance of DSM-5 alcohol use disorder and quantity-frequency of alcohol consumption criteria: An item response theory analysis. Drug & Alcohol Dependence, 216, 108299. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108299
- Seo, D., Jia, Z., Lacadie, C. M., Tsou, K. A., Bergquist, K., & Sinha, R. (2011). Sex differences in neural responses to stress and alcohol context cues. Human Brain Mapping, 32(11), 1998–2013. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.21165
- Shireman, E. M., Steinley, D., & Sher, K. (2015). Sex differences in the latent class structure of alcohol use disorder: Does (dis)aggregation of indicators matter?Experiments in Clinical Psychopharmacology, 23(4), 291–301. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/pha0000029
- Sinha, R. (2008). Chronic stress, drug use, and vulnerability to addiction. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1141(1), 105–130. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1441.030
- Sinha, R., Fox, H. C., Hong, K. A., Bergquist, K., Bhagwagar, Z., & Siedlarz, K. M. (2009). Enhanced negative emotion and alcohol craving, and altered physiological responses following stress and cue exposure in alcohol dependent individuals. Neuropsychopharmacology: Official Publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 34(5), 1198–1208. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1038/npp.2008.78
- Stuart, E. A. (2010). Matching methods for causal inference: A review and a look forward. Statistical Science: a Review Journal of the Institute of Mathematical Statistics, 25(1), 1–21. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1214/09-sts313
- Tamers, S. L., Okechukwu, C., Marino, M., Guéguen, A., Goldberg, M., & Zins, M. (2015). Effect of stressful life events on changes in smoking among the French: Longitudinal findings from GAZEL. European Journal of Public Health, 25(4), 711–715. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckv036
- Verplaetse, T. L., Moore, K. E., Pittman, B. P., Roberts, W., Oberleitner, L. M., Smith, P. H., Cosgrove, K. P., & McKee, S. A. (2018). Intersection of stress and gender in association with transitions in past year DSM-5 substance use disorder diagnoses in the United States. Chronic Stress, 2, 247054701775263. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/2470547017752637
- Windle, M., & Windle, R. C. (2015). A prospective study of stressful events, coping motives for drinking, and alcohol use among middle-aged adults. Journal of Studies on Alcohol & Drugs, 76(3), 465–473. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.15288/jsad.2015.76.465
- Zuelsdorff, M., Okonkwo, O. C., Norton, D., Barnes, L. L., Graham, K. L., Clark, L. R., Wyman, M. F., Benton, S. F., Gee, A., Lambrou, N., Johnson, S. C., & Gleason, C. E. (2020). Stressful life events and racial disparities in cognition among middle-aged and older adults. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease: JAD, 73(2), 671–682. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-19043