References
- Copley DP, Mantle JA, Rodgers WJ, Russell RO, Rackley CE. Improved outcome for pre-hospital cardiopulmonary collapse with resuscitation by bystanders. Circulation. 197756: 901–5.
- Cummins R, Eisenberg MS, Hallstrom AP, Litwin PE. Survival of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with early initiation of CPR. Am J Emerg Med. 19855: 114–8.
- Cummins RO, Eisenberg MS. Pre-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation: is it effective? JAMA. 1985;253:2408-12.
- Eisenberg MS, Bergner L, Hallstrom A. Cardiac resuscitation in the community: importance of rapid provision and implica-tions for program planning. JAMA. 1979;241:1905–7.
- Eisenberg MS, Hallstrom A, Bergner L. Long-term survival after out of hospital cardiac arrest. N Engl J Med. 1980; 306:1340–3.
- Eitel DR, Walton SL, Guerci AD, Hess DR, Sabulsky NI( Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a six year experience in a suburban-rural system. Ann Emerg Med. 1988;17:808–12.
- Stiell I, Wells GA, DeMaio VL et al. Modifiable risk factors associated with improved cardiac arrest survival in a multi-center basic life support/defibrillation system: OPALS study phase I results. Ann Emerg Med. 1999;33:44–50.
- Valenzuela TD, Roe DJ, Cretin S, et al. Estimating effectiveness of cardiac arrest intervention: a logistics regression survival model. Circulation. 1997;96:3308–13.
- Goldstein S, Friedman L, Hutchinson R, et al. Timing, mecha-nism and clinical setting of witnessed deaths in postmyocar-dial infarction patients. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1984;3:1111–7.
- Lombardi G, Gallagher J, Germis P. Outcome of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in New York City: The Pre-Hospital Arrest Survival Evaluation (PHASE) study. JAMA. 1994;271:678–83.
- Frank RL, Rausch MA, Menegazzi JL Rickens M. The locations of nonresidential out-of-hospital cardiac arrests in the City of Pittsburgh over a three-year period: implications for automat-ed external defibrillator placement. Prehosp Emerg Care. 2001; 5):247–51.
- Herlitz J, Eek M, Holmberg M, Engdahl J, Holmberg S. Characteristics and outcome among patients having out of hospital cardiac arrest at home compared with elsewhere. Heart. 2002;88:579–82.
- Bossaert L, Van Hoeyweghen R, and the Cerebral Resuscitation Study Group. Bystander cardiopulmonary (CPR) in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Resuscitation. 1989;17(suppl):s55–s69.
- Jackson RE, Swor RA. Who gets bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation in a witnessed arrest? Acad Emer Med. 1997;4: 541–4.
- Wik L, Steen PA, Bircher NG. Quality of bystander cardiopul-monary resuscitation influences outcomes after prehospital cardiac arrest. Resuscitation. 1994;28:195–203.
- Axelsson A, Herlitz J, Elstom L, Holmberg S. Bystander-initiat-ed cardiopulmonary resuscitation out-of-hospital. A first description of the bystanders and their experiences. Resuscitation. 199653: 3–11.
- Litwin PE, Eisenberg MS, Hallstrom AP, Cummins RO. The location of collapse and its effect on survival from cardiac arrest. Ann Emerg Med. 1987;16:787–91.
- Locke CJ, Berg RA, Sanders AB, et al. Bystander cardiopul-monary resuscitation: concerns about mouth to mouth contact. Arch Intern Med. 1995;155:938–43.
- Axelsson A, Thoren A, Holmberg S, et al. Attitudes of trained Swedish lay rescuers toward CPR performance in an emer-gency. A survey of 1012 recently trained CPR rescuers." Resuscitation. 2000;44:27–36.
- Feero S, Hedges JR, Stevens P. Assessing the need for bystander CPR training. Acad Emerg Med. 1995;2:74–6.
- Goldberg RJ, Gore JM, Love DG, Ockene JK, Dalen JE. Layperson CPR-are we training the right people? Ann Emerg Med. 1984;13:701–4.
- Dracup K, Moser DK, Guzy PM, Taylor SE, Marsden C. Is car-diopulmonary resuscitation training deleterious for family members of cardiac patients? Am J Public Health. 1994;84: 116–8.
- Richardson ME, Lie KG. Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation train-ing for family members on cardiac rehabilitation programmes in Scotland. Resuscitation, 1999;40:11–9.
- Kliegel A, Scheinecker W, Sterz F, Eisenburger P, Holzer M, Laggner AN. The attitudes of cardiac arrest survivors and their family members towards CPR courses. Resuscitation. 2000; 47:147–54.
- Dracup K, Moser DK, Taylor SE, Guzy PM. The psychological consequences of cardiopulmonary resuscitation training for family members of patients at risk for sudden death. Am J Public Health. 1997;87:1434–9.