Metallothionein as a tool in biomonitoring programmes

References

• ADDISON, R. F. and CLARKE, K. R 1990, T he IOC/GEEP Bermuda Workshop. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 138, 1–8.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ADE, P., BANCHELLI SOLDAINI, M. G., CASTELLI, M. G., CHIESARA, E., CLEMENTI, E, FANELLI, E, FUNARI, E., IGNESTI, G., MARABINI, A, ORUNESU, M., PALMERO, S., PIRISINO, R, RAMUNDO ORLANDO, A, RIZZI, R, SILO, V, VIARENGO, A and VITOZZI, L. 1984, Biochemical and morphological comparison of microsomal preparations from rat, quail, trout, mussel and water flea. Ecotoxicology and Environmental S afety, 8, 423–446.
   Google Scholar
• ANDERSEN, D. and WESER, U. 1979, Partial purification and translation in vitro of metallothionein messenger RNA Experientia Suppl., 34, 303–310.
   Google Scholar
• BAUMAN, J. W, Liu, J., Liu, Y P and KLAASSEN, C. D. 1991, Increase in metallothionein produced by chemicals that induce oxidative stress. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 110,347–354.
   Google Scholar
• BAUMAN, J. W., Liu, Y P, ANDREWS, G. K. and KLAASSEN, C. D. 1992a, Examination of potential mechanism(s) of metallothionein induction by diethyl maleate. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 117,226–232.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• BAUMAN, J. W, MADHU, C., MCKIM, J. M. JR, Liu Y and KLAASSEN, C. D. 1992b, Induction of metallothionein by paraquat. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 117, 233–241.
   Google Scholar
• CARTHEW, R W., CHODOSH, L. A and SHARP, P A 1987, The major late transcription factor binds to and activates the mouse metallothionein I promoter. Genes and Development, 1, 973–980.
   Google Scholar
• DALTON, T., PALMITER, R D. and ANDREWS, G. K. 1994, Transcriptional induction of the mouse metallothionein-I gene in hydrogen peroxide-treated Hepa cells involves a composite major late transcription factor/antioxidant response element and metal response promoter elements. Nucleic Acids Research, 22, 5016–5023.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DALTON, T. P., LI, Q., BITTEL, D., LIANG, L. and ANDREWS, G. K. 1996, Oxidative stress activates metal-responsive transcription factor-1 binding activity. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 271, 26233–26241.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• EATON, D. L. and TOAL, B. F. 1982, Evaluation of the Cd/hemoglobin affinity assay for the rapid determination of metallothionein in biological tissues. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 66, 134–142.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ENGEL, D. W. and ROESIJADI, G. 1987, Metallothioniens: a monitoring tool. In Pollution Physiology of Estuarine Organisms, No. 17, W. B. Vernberg, A Calabrese, F. P T hurberg and F. J. Vernberg, eds (Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, Belle W. Baruch Library in Marine Science), pp. 421–438.
   Google Scholar
• FRILING, R S., BENSIMON, A, TICHAUER, Y and DANIEL, V. 1990, Xenobiofic-inducible expression of murine glutathione -transferase Ya subunit gene is controlled by an electrophile-responsive element. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 87, 6258–6262.
   Google Scholar
• GABRIELIDES, G. 1997a, The MED POL Biomonitoring programme concerning the effects of pollutants on marine organisms along the Mediterranean coasts. UN EP(OCA)M ED, WG 132/3, pp. 1–14.
   Google Scholar
• GABRIELIDES, G. 1997b, Report of the meeting of experts to review the MED POL biomonitoring programme. UNEP(OCA)MED WG 132/7, pp. 1–8.
   Google Scholar
• GEORGE, S. G. 1989, Cadmium effects on plaice liver xenobiotic and metal detoxification systems: dose-response. Aquatic Toxicology, 15, 303–310.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HAMER, D. H. 1986, Metallothionein. Annual Review of Biochemistry, 55, 913–951.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HAMZA-CHAFFAI, A, AMIARD-TRIQUET, C. and EL-ABED, A 1997, Metallothionein-like protein: is it an efficient biomarker of metal contamination? A case study based on fish from the Tunisian coast. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 33, 53–62.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HOGSTRAND, C and HAUX, C 1990a, A radioimmunoassay for perch (Perca fluviatilis) metallothionein. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 103, 56–65.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HOGSTRAND, C and HAUX, C 1990b, Metallothionein as an indicator of heavy-metal exposure in two subtropical fish species. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 138, 69–84.
   Google Scholar
• HOGSTRAND, C, GALVEZ, F. and WOOD, C. M. 1996, Toxicity, silver accumulation and metallothionein induction in freshwater rainbow trout during exposure to different silver salts. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 15, 1102–1108.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HYLLAND, K., HAUX, C and HOGSTRAND, C. 1992, Hepatic metallothionein and heavy metals in dab Limanda limanda from the German Bight. Marine Ecology Progress Serie4 91, 89–96.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HYLLAND, K., SANDVIK, M., UTNE SKARE, J., BEYER, J., EGAAS, E. and GOKSØYR, A 1996, Biomarkers in flounder (Platichthys flesus): an evaluation of their use in pollution monitoring. Marine Environmental Research, 42,223–227.
   Google Scholar
• JAISWAL, A K. 1994, Antioxidant response elements. Biochemical Pharmacology, 48,439–444.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KAGI, J. H. R 1993, Evolution, structure and chemical activity of class I metallothioneins: an overview. In Metallothionein III, K. T. Suzuki N. Imura and M. Kimura, eds (Basel, Switzerland: Birkhauser Verlag), pp. 29–55.
   Google Scholar
• KAGI, J. H. R and KOJIMA, Y. 1987, Chemistry and biochemistry of metallothionein. Experientia, Suppl., 52, 25–61.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• KAGI, J. H. R and SHAFFER, A 1988, Biochemistry of metallothionein. Biochemistry, 27, 8509–8515.
   Google Scholar
• KARIN, M., HASLINGER, A, HOLTGREVE, H., RICHARDS, R. I., KRAUTER, P, WESTPHAL, H. M. and BEATO, M. 1984, Characterization of DNA sequences through which cadmium and glucocorticoid hormones induce human metallothionein-I IA gene. Nature, 308, 513–519.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KELLY, E. J., SANDGREN, E P, BRINSTER, R. L. and PALMITER, R. D. 1997, A pair of adjacent glucocorticoid response elements regulate expression of two mouse metallothionein genes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 94, 10045–10050.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KILLE, P, KAY, J. and SWEENEY, G. E. 1993, Analysis of the regulatory elements flanking metallothionein genes in Cd-tolerant fish (pike and stone loach). Biochimica et Biophysica Ada, 1216, 55–64.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• KOSOWER, N. S. and KOSOWER, E. M. 1987, Thiol labeling with bromobimanes. Methods in Enzymology, 143,76–84.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LAM, K. L., Ko, P. W., WONG, J. K. Y. and CHAN, K. M. 1998, Metal toxicity and metallothionein gene expression studies in common carp and tilapia Marine Environmental Research, 46, 563–566.
   Google Scholar
• LEHMAN, L. D. and KLAASSEN, C D. 1986, Separation and quantitation of metallothionein by high performance liquid cromatography coupled with atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Analytical Biochemistry, 102,305–314.
   Google Scholar
• LI, Y. and JAISWAL, A K. 1992, Regulation of human NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase gene. Role of AP1 binding site contained within human antioxidant response element. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 267, 15097–15104.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LIVINGSTONE, D. R 1988, Responses of microsomal NADPH-cytochrome c reductase activity and cytochrome p-450 in digestive glands of Mytilus edulis and Littorina littorea to environmental and experimental exposure to pollutants. Marine Ecology Progress Series, Suppl., 46, 37–43.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LOBEL, P B. and PAYNE, J. F. 1987, The mercury-203 method for evaluating metallothioneins: interference by copper, mercury, oxygen, silver and selenium. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 86C, 37–39.
   Google Scholar
• MARGOSHES, M. and VALLEE, B. L. 1957, A cadmium protein from equine kidney cortex. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 79,4813.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MARA, J. C. A, LIPTON, J., CACELA, D., HANSEN, J. A, BERGMAN, H. L., MEYER, J. S. and HOGSTRAND, C 1996, Relationship between copper exposure duration, tissue copper concentration and rainbow trout growth. Aquatic Toxicology, 36, 17–30.
   Google Scholar
• MARTINEZ, M., TORREBLANC AA, DEL RAMO, J., PASTOR, A and DIAZMAYANS, J. 1993, Cadmium induced metallothionein in hepatopancreas of Procambarus clarkii. Quantification by a silver-saturation method. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 105C, 263–267.
   Google Scholar
• MASON, A Z., STORMS, S. D. and JENKINS, K. D. 1990, Metalloprotein separation and analysis by direct coupled size exclusion high-performance liquid chromatography inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy. Analytical Biochemistry, 186, 187–201.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MAZZUCOTELLI, A, VIARENGO, A, CANESI, L., PONZANO, E. and RIVARO, P 1991, Determination of trace amounts of metalloprotein species in marine mussel samples by High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy. Analyst, 116, 605–608.
   Google Scholar
• NOLAN, C. V. and SHAIKH, Z. A 1986, Determination of metallothionein in tissues by radioimmunoassay and by cadmium saturation method. Analytical Biochemistry, 154,213–223.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• OLAFSON, R W. and Sim, R G. 1979, An electrochemical approach to quantification and characterization of metallothioneins. Analytical Biochemistry, 100, 343–351.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• OLSSON, P E., HAUX, C and FoKLIN, L. 1986, Variation in hepatic metallothionein, zinc and copper levels during an annual reproductive cycle in rainbow trout, S almo gairdneri. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, 3,39–47.
   Google Scholar
• OLSSON, P E, LARSSON, A, MAAGE, A, HAUX, C. and BONHAM, K. 1989a, Induction of metallothionein synthesis in rainbow trout, S almo gairdneri, during long-term exposure to waterborne cadmium. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, 6,221–229.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• OLSSON, P E., ZAFARULLAH, M. and GEDAMU, L. 1989b, A role of metallothionein in zinc regulation after oestradiol induction of vitellogenin synthesis in rainbow trout, S almo gairdneri. Biochemical Journal, 15, 555–559.
   Google Scholar
• OLSSON, P E., HYLLNER, S. J., ZAFARULLAH, M., ANDERSSON, T. and GEDAMU, L. 1990, Differences in metallothionein gene expression in primary cultures of rainbow trout hepatocytes and the RTH 149 cell line. Biochimica et Biophysica Ada, 1049,318–323.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• OLSSON, P E., KLING, P, ERKELL, L. J. and KILLE, P 1995, Structural and functional analysis of the rainbow trout (Oncorhyncus mykiss) metallothionein-A gene. European Journal of Biochemistry, 230, 344–349.
   Google Scholar
• OVERNELL, J., MCINTOSH, R and FLETCHER, T. C. 1987, The levels of liver metallothionein and zinc in plaice, Pleuronectes platessa L., during the breeding season, and the effect of estradiol injection. Journal of Fish Biology, 30, 539–546.
   Google Scholar
• PALMITER, R D. 1994, Regulation of metallothionein genes by heavy metals appears to be mediated by a zinc-sensitive inhibitor that interacts with a constitutively active transcription factor, MTF-1. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 91, 1219–1223.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PEDERSEN, S. N., LUNDEBYE, A K. and DEPLEDGE, M. H. 1997, Field application of metallothionein and stress protein biomarkers in the shore crab (Carcinus meneas) exposed to trace metals. Aquatic Toxicology, 37, 183–200.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PEDRAJAS, J. R, PEINADO, J. and LOPEZ-BAREA, J. 1995, Oxidative stress in fish exposed to model xenobiotics. Oxidatively modified forms of Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase as potential biomarkers. Chemical-Biological Interaction, 98, 267–282.
   Google Scholar
• PIOTROWSKI, J. K., BOLANOWSKA, W. and SAPOTA, A 1973, Evaluation of metallothionein content in animal tissues. Ada Biochimica Polonica, 20,207–215.
   Google Scholar
• ROCHE, M. and MCCARTER, J. A 1984, Hepatic metallothionein production and resistance to heavy metals by rainbow trout (S almo gairdneri)—I. Exposed to an artificial mixture of zinc, copper and cadmium. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 36, 168–175.
   Google Scholar
• ROESIJADI, G. 1992, Metallothioneins in metal regulation and toxicity in aquatic animals. Aquatic Toxicology, 22, 81–113.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ROESIJADI, G., MORRIS, J. E. and UNGER, M. E. 1988, Immunochemical quantification of metallothioneins of a marine mollusc. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 45, 1257–1263.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SAMSON, S. L. A and GEDAMU, L. 1995, Metal-responsive elements of the rainbow trout metallothionein-B gene function for basal and metal-induced activity. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 270,6864–6871.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SANDVIK, M., BEYER, J., GOKSØYR, A, HYLLAND, K., EGAAS, E. AND SK, J. 1997, Interaction of benzo(a)pyrene, 2,3,3',4,4'5-hexachlorobyphenyl (PCB-156) and cadmium on biomarker response in flounder (Platichthys flesus L.), Biornarkers, 2, 153–160.
   Google Scholar
• SAT O, M., OHTAKE, K., MIZUNUMA, H. and NAGAL Y 1989, Metallothionein-I accumulation in the rat lung following a single paraquat administration. Toxicology Letters, 45, 41–47.
   Google Scholar
• SCHEUHAMMER, A M. and CHEMAN, M. G. 1986, Quantification of metallothioneins by a silver-saturation method. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 82, 417–425.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SCHLENK, D., CHELIUS, M., WOLFORD, L., KHAN, S. and CHAN, K. M. 1997, Characterization of hepatic metallothionein expression in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Biomarkers, 2, 161–167.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SQUIBB, K. S. and COUSIN, R J. 1977, Synthesis of metallothionein in a polysomal cell-free system. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 75,806–812.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• STUART, G. W, SEARLE, P F. and PALMITER, R. D. 1985, Identification of multiple metal regulatory elements in mouse metallothionein-I promoter by assaying synthetic sequences. Nature, 317, 828–831.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SUNAGA, H., KOBAYASHI, E, SHIMOJO, N. and Suzum, K. T. 1987, Detection of sulfur-containing compounds in control and cadmium-exposed rat organs by high-performance liquid chromatography-vacuum-ultraviolet inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (HPLC-ICP). Analytical Bicthemistry, 160, 160–168.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• SUZUKI, K. T. 1980, Direct connection of high-speed liquid chromatograph (equipped with gel permeation column) to atomic absorption spectrophotometer for metalloprotein analysis: metallothionein. Analytical Biochemistry, 102, 31–34.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• THOMPSON, J. A J. and COSSON, R P 1984, An improved electro-chemical method for the quantification of metallothionein in marine organisms. Marine Environmental Research, 11, 137–152.
   Google Scholar
• VALENCIA, R, GERPE, M., TRIMMER, J., BUCKMAN, T., MASON, A Z. and OLSSON, P E. 1998, The effect of estrogen on cadmium distribution in rainbow trout (Oncorrhynchus mykiss). Marine Environmental Research, 46. 167–171.
   Google Scholar
• VIARENGO, A 1989, Heavy metals in marine invertebrates: mechanisms of regulation and toxicity at the cellular level. CRC Critical Reviews in Aquatic S295–317.
   Google Scholar
• VIARENGO, A and CANESI, L. 1991, Mussel as biological indicators of pollution. Aquaculture, 94, 225–243.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• VIARENGO, A and NOTT, J. A 1993, Mechanisms of heavy metal cation homeostasis in marine invertebrates. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 104C, 355–372.
   Google Scholar
• VIARENGO, A, PALMERO, S., ZANICCHI, G., CAPELLI, R., VAISSIERE, R. and ORUNESU, M. 1985, Role of metallothionein in Cu and Cd accumulation and elimination in the gill and digestive gland cells of Mytilus galloprovincialis Lam. Environmental Research, 16, 23–36.
   Google Scholar
• VIARENGO, A, MANCINELLI, G., ORUNESU, M., MARTINO, G., FARANDA, F. and MAZZUCCOTELLI, 1988a, Effects of sublethal copper concentrations, temperature, salinity and oxygen levels on calcium content and on cellular distribution of copper in the gills of Mytilus galloprovincialis Lam.: a multifactorial experiment. Marine Environmental Research, 24, 227–231.
   Google Scholar
• VIARENGO, A, MANCINELLI, G., MARTINO, G., PERTICA, M., CANESI, L. and MAZZUCCOTELLI, 1988b, Integrated cellular stress indices in trace metal contamination: critical evaluation in a field study. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 46, 65–70.
   Google Scholar
• VIARENGO, A, PONZANO, E, DONDERO, F. and FABBM, R. 1997, A simple spectrophotometric method for metallothionein evaluation in marine organisms: an application to Mediterranean and Antarctic molluscs. Marine Environmental Research, 44, 69–84.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• VIARENGO, A, FABBRI, R, LAFAURIE, M., ROMEO, M., STEIN, X., LANDINI, E. and BOLOGNESI, C 1998, Evaluation of the biological effects of marine pollution along the North Tyrrhenian coast between Imperia and Nice using a biomonitoring programme. 8th Annual Meeting of SETAC-Europe. Bordeaux France, 14–18 April.
   Google Scholar
• WORMSER, U. and CALP, D. 1988, Increased levels of hepatic metallothionein in rat and mouse after injection of acetaminophen. Toxicology, 53, 323–329.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar