34
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original

Conventional magnetic resonance imaging features in patients with tropical spastic paraparesis

, , , , , , , , , & show all
Pages 525-534 | Received 30 Mar 2005, Accepted 13 Jul 2005, Published online: 10 Jul 2009

References

  • Aye M M, Matsuoka E, Moritoyo T, Umehara F, Suehara M, Hokezu Y, Yamanaka H, Isashiki Y, Osame M, Izumo S. Histopathological analysis of four autopsy cases of HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis: inflammatory changes occur simultaneously in the entire central nervous system. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 2000; 100: 245–252, [CSA]
  • Bagnato F, Jeffries N, Richert N D, Stone R D, Ohayon J M, McFarland H F, Frank J A. Evolution of T1 black holes in patients with multiple sclerosis imaged monthly for 4 years. Brain 2003; 126: 1782–1789, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CROSSREF], [CSA]
  • Bruck W, Bitsch A, Kolenda H, Bruck Y, Stiefel M, Lassmann H. Inflammatory central nervous system demyelination: correlation of magnetic resonance imaging findings with lesion pathology. Ann Neurol 2001; 42: 783–793, [CROSSREF], [CSA]
  • Cartier L M, Cea J G, Vergara C, Araya F, Born P. Clinical and neuropathological study of six patients with spastic paraparesis associated with HTLV-I: an axomyelinic degeneration of the central nervous system. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 1997; 56: 403–413, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
  • Cruickshank J K, Rudge P, Dalgleish A G, Newton M, McLean B N, Barnard R O, Kendall B E, Miller D H. Tropical spastic paraparesis and human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 in the United Kingdom. Brain 1989; 112: 1057–1090, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
  • Fazekas F, Barkhof F, Filippi M, Grossman R I, Li D K, McDonald W I, McFarland H F, Paty D W, Simon J H, Wolinsky J S, Miller D H. The contribution of magnetic resonance imaging to the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. Neurology 1999; 53: 448–456, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
  • Fukushima T, Ikeda T, Uyama E, Uchino M, Okabe H, Ando M. Cognitive event-related potentials and brain magnetic resonance imaging in HTLV-1 associated myelopathy (HAM). J Neurol Sci 1994; 126: 30–39, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CROSSREF], [CSA]
  • Furukawa Y, Bangham C R, Taylor G P, Weber J N, Osame M. Frequent reversible membrane damage in peripheral blood B cells in human T cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I)-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). Clin Exp Immunol 2000; 120: 307–316, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CROSSREF], [CSA]
  • Gasperini C, Rovaris M, Sormani M P, Bastianello S, Pozzilli C, Comi G, Filippi M. Intra-observer, inter-observer and inter-scanner variations in brain MRI volume measurements in multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler 2001; 7: 27–31, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CROSSREF], [CSA]
  • Gessain A, Gout O. Chronic myelopathy associated with human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I). Ann Intern Med 1992; 117: 933–946, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
  • Godoy A J, Kira J, Hasuo K, Goto I. Characterization of cerebral white matter lesions of HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis in comparison with multiple sclerosis and collagen-vasculitis: a semiquantitative MRI study. J Neurol Sci 1995; 133: 102–111, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CROSSREF], [CSA]
  • Jacobson S. Immunopathogenesis of human T cell lymphotropic virus type I-associated neurologic disease. J Infect Dis 2002; 186: S187–S192, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CROSSREF], [CSA]
  • Jacobson S, Shida H, McFarlin D E, Fauci A S, Koenig S. Circulating CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes specific for HTLV-I pX in patients with HTLV-I associated neurological disease. Nature 1990; 348: 245–248, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CROSSREF], [CSA]
  • Jenkinson M, Smith S. A global optimisation method for robust affine registration of brain images. Med Image Anal 2001; 5: 143–156, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CROSSREF], [CSA]
  • Jernigan M, Morcos Y, Lee S M, Dohan F C, Raine C, Levin M C. IgG in brain correlates with clinicopathological damage in HTLV-1 associated neurologic disease. Neurology 2003; 60: 1320–1327, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
  • Hickman S J, Miller D H. Imaging of the spine in multiple sclerosis. Neuroimaging Clin N Am 2000; 10: 689–704, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
  • Howard A K, Li D K, Oger J. MRI contributes to the differentiation between MS and HTLV-I associated myelopathy in British Columbian coastal natives. Can J Neurol Sci 2003; 30: 41–48, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
  • Kasahata N, Shiota J, Miyazawa Y, Nakano I, Murayama S. Acute human T-lymphotropic virus type 1-associated myelopathy: a clinicopathologic study. Arch Neurol 2003; 60: 873–876, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CROSSREF], [CSA]
  • Kermode A G, Rudge P, Thompson A J, du Boulay E P, McDonald W I. MRI of thoracic cord in tropical spastic paraparesis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1990; 53: 1110–1111, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
  • Kira J, Fujihara K, Itoyama Y, Goto I, Hasuo K. Leukoencephalopathy in HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis: MRI analysis and a two year follow-up study after corticosteroid therapy. J Neurol Sci 1991; 106: 41–49, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CROSSREF], [CSA]
  • Kira J, Minato S, Itoyama Y, Goto I, Kato M, Hasuo K. Leukoencephalopathy in HTLV-I-associated myelopathy: MRI and EEG data. J Neurol Sci 1988; 87: 221–232, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CROSSREF], [CSA]
  • Kubota R, Umehara F, Izumo S, Ijichi S, Matsumuro K, Yashiki S, Fujiyoshi T, Sonoda S, Osame M. HTLV-I proviral DNA amount correlates with infiltrating CD4+ lymphocytes in the spinal cord from patients with HTLV-I-associated myelopathy. J Neuroimmunol 1994; 53: 23–29, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CROSSREF], [CSA]
  • Kuroda Y, Matsui M, Yukitake M, Kurohara K, Takashima H, Takashima Y, Endo C, Kato A, Mihara F. Assessment of MRI criteria for MS in Japanese MS and HAM/TSP. Neurology 1995; 45: 30–33, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
  • Kurtzke J F. Rating neurologic impairment in multiple sclerosis: an expanded disability status scale (EDSS). Neurology 1983; 33: 1444–1452, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
  • Levin M C, Jacobson S. HTLV-I associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP): a chronic progressive neurologic disease associated with immunologically mediated damage to the central nervous system. J NeuroVirol 1997; 3: 126–140, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
  • Levin M C, Lehky T J, Flerlage A N, Kingma D W, Jaffe E S, Heiss J D, Patronas N, McFarland H F, Jacobson S. Immunologic analysis of a spinal cord-biopsy specimen from a patient with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I-associated neurologic disease. N Engl J Med 1997; 336: 839–845, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CROSSREF], [CSA]
  • Melo A, Moura L, Rios S, Machado M, Costa G. Magnetic resonance imaging in HTLV-I associated myelopathy. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 1993; 51: 329–332, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
  • Milagres A C, Jorge M L, Marchiori P E, Segurado A A. Human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1-associated myelopathy in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Epidemiologic and clinical features of a university hospital cohort. Neuroepidemiology 2002; 21: 153–158, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CROSSREF], [CSA]
  • Moritoyo T, Reinhart T A, Moritoyo H, Sato E, Izumo S, Osame M, Haase A T. Human T-lymphotropic virus type I-associated myelopathy and tax gene expression in CD4+ T lymphocytes. Ann Neurol 1996; 40: 84–90, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CROSSREF], [CSA]
  • Nagai M, Kubota R, Greten T F, Schneck J P, Leist T P, Jacobson S. Increased activated human T cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) Tax11-19-specific memory and effector CD8+ cells in patients with HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis: correlation with HTLV-I provirus load. J Infect Dis 2001; 183: 197–205, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CROSSREF], [CSA]
  • Nakagawa M, Izumo S, Ijichi S. HTLV-I-associated myelopathy: analysis of 213 patients based on clinical features and laboratory findings. J NeuroVirol 1995; 1: 50–61, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
  • Ogata A, Nagashima K, Tashiro K, Miyakawa A, Mikuni C. MRI-pathological correlate of brain lesions in a necropsy case of HTLV-I associated myelopathy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1993; 56: 194–196, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
  • Osame M. Review of WHO Kagoshima Meeting and Diagnostic guidelines for HAM/TSP. Human retrovirology: HTLV, 1st ed. W A Blattner. Raven Press, New York 1990; 191–197
  • Roman G C, Roman L N. Tropical spastic paraparesis A clinical study of 50 patients from Tumaco (Colombia) and review of the worldwide features of the syndrome. J Neurol Sci 1988; 87: 121–138, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CROSSREF], [CSA]
  • Rudge P, Ali A, Cruickshank J K. Multiple sclerosis, tropical spastic paraparesis and HTLV-1 infection in Afro-Caribbean patients in the United Kingdom. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1991; 54: 689–694, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
  • Shakudo M, Inoue Y, Tsutada T. HTLV-I-associated myelopathy: acute progression and atypical MR findings. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1999; 20: 1417–1421, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
  • Smith C R, Dickson D, Samkoff L. Recurrent encephalopathy and seizures in a US native with HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis: a clinicopathologic study. Neurology 1992; 42: 658–661, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
  • Tajima Y, Kishimoto R, Sudoh K, Miyazaki Y, Kikuchi S, Tashiro K. Spinal Magnetic Resonance Image alterations in human T-lymphotropic virus type I-associated myelopathy patients before and after immunomodulating treatments. J Neurol 2003; 250: 750–753, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CROSSREF], [CSA]
  • Watanabe M, Yamashita T, Hara A, Murakami T, Ando Y, Uyama E, Mita S, Uchino M. High signal in the spinal cord on T2-weighted images in rapidly progressive tropical spastic paraparesis. Neuroradiology 2001; 43: 231–233, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CROSSREF], [CSA]
  • Yanagihara C, Nakaji K, Nishimura Y. A case of HTLV-I associated myelopathy with abnormal patchy MRI lesions in the spinal cord. Rinsho Shinkeigaku 2000; 40: 254–258, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
  • Umehara F, Izumo S, Ronquillo A T, Matsumuro K, Sato E, Osame M. Cytokine expression in the spinal cord lesions in HTLV-I-associated myelopathy. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 1994; 53: 72–77, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.