43
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Papers

Toll-like receptor 7 is not necessary for retroviral neuropathogenesis but does contribute to virus-induced neuroinflammation

, , , , , , , & show all
Pages 492-502 | Received 09 Apr 2008, Published online: 10 Jul 2009

References

  • Bauer S, Kirschning CJ, Hacker H, Redecke V, Hausmann S, Akira S, Wagner H, Lipford GB. Human TLR9 confers responsiveness to bacterial DNA via species-specific CpG motif recognition. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2001; 98: 9237–9242
  • Beignon AS, McKenna K, Skoberne M, Manches O, DaSilva I, Kavanagh DG, Larsson M, Gorelick RJ, Lifson JD, Bhardwaj N. Endocytosis of HIV-1 activates plasmacytoid dendritic cells via Toll-like receptor-viral RNA interactions. J Clin Invest 2005; 115: 3265–3275
  • Bochud PY, Hersberger M, Taffe P, Bochud M, Stein CM, Rodrigues SD, Calandra T, Francioli P, Telenti A, Speck RF, Aderem A. Polymorphisms in Toll-like receptor 9 influence the clinical course of HIV-1 infection. AIDS 2007; 21: 441–446
  • Burzyn D, Rassa JC, Kim D, Nepomnaschy I, Ross SR, Piazzon I. Toll-like receptor 4-dependent activation of dendritic cells by a retrovirus. J Virol 2004; 78: 576–584
  • Corbin ME, Pourciau S, Morgan TW, Boudreaux M, Peterson KE. Ligand up-regulation does not correlate with a role for CCR1 in pathogenesis in a mouse model of non-lymphocyte mediated neurological disease. J NeuroVirol 2006; 12: 1–10
  • Diebold SS, Kaisho T, Hemmi H, Akira S, Reis e Sousa. Innate antiviral responses by means of TLR7-mediated recognition of single-stranded RNA. Science 2004; 303: 1529–1531
  • Gunzer M, Riemann H, Basoglu Y, Hillmer A, Weishaupt C, Balkow S, Benninghoff B, Ernst B, Steinert M, Scholzen T, Sunderkotter C, Grabbe S. Systemic administration of a TLR7 ligand leads to transient immune incompetence due to peripheral-blood leukocyte depletion. Blood 2005; 106: 2424–2432
  • Heil F, Hemmi H, Hochrein H, Ampenberger F, Kirschning C, Akira S, Lipford G, Wagner H, Bauer S. Species-specific recognition of single-stranded RNA via toll-like receptor 7 and 8. Science 2004; 303: 1526–1529
  • Hemmi H, Kaisho T, Takeuchi O, Sato S, Sanjo H, Hoshino K, Horiuchi T, Tomizawa H, Takeda K, Akira S. Small anti-viral compounds activate immune cells via the TLR7 MyD88-dependent signaling pathway. Nat Immunol 2002; 3: 196–200
  • Hemmi H, Takeuchi O, Kawai T, Kaisho T, Sato S, Sanjo H, Matsumoto M, Hoshino K, Wagner H, Takeda K, Akira S. A Toll-like receptor recognizes bacterial DNA. Nature 2000; 408: 740–745
  • Jack CS, Arbour N, Manusow J, Montgrain V, Blain M, McCrea E, Shapiro A, Antel JP. TLR signaling tailors innate immune responses in human microglia and astrocytes. J Immunol 2005; 175: 4320–4330
  • Kadowaki N, Liu YJ. Natural type I interferon-producing cells as a link between innate and adaptive immunity. Hum Immunol 2002; 63: 1126–1132
  • Krug A, Luker GD, Barchet W, Leib DA, Akira S, Colonna M. Herpes simplex virus type 1 activates murine natural interferon-producing cells through toll-like receptor 9. Blood 2004; 103: 1433–1437
  • Kurt-Jones EA, Chan M, Zhou S, Wang J, Reed G, Bronson R, Arnold MM, Knipe DM, Finberg RW. Herpes simplex virus 1 interaction with Toll-like receptor 2 contributes to lethal encephalitis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2004; 101: 1315–1320
  • Lee HK, Lund JM, Ramanathan B, Mizushima N, Iwasaki A. Autophagy-dependent viral recognition by plasmacytoid dendritic cell. Science 2007; 315: 1398–1401
  • Lund J, Sato A, Akira S, Medzhitov R, Iwasaki A. Toll-like receptor 9-mediated recognition of Herpes simplex virus-2 by plasmacytoid dendritic cells. J Exp Med 2003; 198: 513–520
  • Lund JM, Alexopoulou L, Sato A, Karow M, Adams NC, Gale NW, Iwasaki A, Flavell RA. Recognition of single-stranded RNA viruses by Toll-like receptor 7. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2004; 101: 5598–5603
  • McKimmie CS, Fazakerley JK. In response to pathogens, glial cells dynamically and differentially regulate Toll-like receptor gene expression. J Neuroimmunol 2005; 169: 116–125
  • Mishra BB, Mishra PK, Teale JM. Expression and distribution of Toll-like receptors in the brain during murine neurocysticercosis. J Neuroimmunol 2006; 181: 46–56
  • Peterson KE, Errett JS, Wei T, Dimcheff DE, Ransohoff R, Kuziel WA, Evans L, Chesebro B. MCP-1 and CCR2 contribute to non-lymphocyte-mediated brain disease induced by Fr98 polytropic retrovirus infection in mice: role for astrocytes in retroviral neuropathogenesis. J Virol 2004a; 78: 6449–6458
  • Peterson KE, Evans LH, Wehrly K, Chesebro B. Increased proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine responses and microglial infection following inoculation with neural stem cells infected with polytropic murine retroviruses. Virology 2006; 354: 143–153
  • Peterson KE, Hughes S, Dimcheff DE, Wehrly K, Chesebro B. Separate sequences in a murine retroviral envelope protein mediate neuropathogenesis by complementary mechanisms with differing requirements for tumor necrosis factor alpha. J Virol 2004b; 78: 13104–13112
  • Peterson KE, Robertson SJ, Portis JL, Chesebro B. Differences in cytokine and chemokine responses during neurological disease induced by polytropic murine retroviruses Map to separate regions of the viral envelope gene. J Virol 2001; 75: 2848–2856
  • Portis JL, Czub S, Robertson S, McAtee F, Chesebro B. Characterization of a neurologic disease induced by a polytropic murine retrovirus: evidence for differential targeting of ecotropic and polytropic viruses in the brain. J Virol 1995; 69: 8070–8075
  • Robertson MN, Miyazawa M, Mori S, Caughey B, Evans LH, Hayes SF, Chesebro B. Production of monoclonal antibodies reactive with a denatured form of the Friend murine leukemia virus gp70 envelope protein: use in a focal infectivity assay, immunohistochemical studies, electron microscopy and western blotting. J Virol Methods 1991; 34: 255–271
  • Robertson SJ, Hasenkrug KJ, Chesebro B, Portis JL. Neurologic disease induced by polytropic murine retroviruses: neurovirulence determined by efficiency of spread to microglial cells. J Virol 1997; 71: 5287–5294
  • Rozen S, Skaletsky HJ. Primer3 on the WWW for general users and for biologist programmers. Bioinformatics Methods and Protocols. Methods Mol Biol 2000; 132: 365–386
  • Schlaepfer E, Audige A, Joller H, Speck RF. TLR7/8 triggering exerts opposing effects in acute versus latent HIV infection. J Immunol 2006; 176: 2888–2895
  • Wang JP, Liu P, Latz E, Golenbock DT, Finberg RW, Libraty DH. Flavivirus activation of plasmacytoid dendritic cells delineates key elements of TLR7 signaling beyond endosomal recognition. J Immunol 2006; 177: 7114–7121
  • Wang T, Town T, Alexopoulou L, Anderson JF, Fikrig E, Flavell RA. Toll-like receptor 3 mediates West Nile virus entry into the brain causing lethal encephalitis. Nat Med 2004; 10: 1366–1373

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.