Estimating the final outcome of brace treatment for idiopathic thoracic scoliosis at 6-month follow-up

References

• Climent, J. M. and Sanchez, J.: Impact of type of brace on the quality of life of adolescent with spine deformities. Spine, 24: 1903–1908, 1999.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goldberg, C. J., Dowling, F. E., Hall, J. E. and Emans, J. B.: A statistical comparison between natural history of idiopathic scoliosis and brace treatment in sceletally immature adolescent girls. Spine, 18: 902–908, 1993.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goldberg, C. J., Moore, D. P., Fogarty, E. E. and Dowling, F. E.: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: the effect of brace treatment in the incidence of surgery. Spine, 26: 42–7, 2001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howard, A., Wright, J. G. and Hedden, D.: A comparative study of TLSO, Charleston, and Milwaukee braces for idiopathic scoliosis. Spine, 23: 2404–2011, 1998.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Korovessis, P., Kyrkos, C., Piperos, G. and Soucacos, P. N.: Effects of thoracolumbosacral orthosis on spinal deformities, trunk asymmetry, and frontal lower rib cage in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Spine, 25: 2064–2071, 2000.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lonstein, J. E. and Winter, R. B.: The Milwaukee brace for the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. J. Bone Joint Surg., 76: 1207–1221, 1994.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nachemson, A. L. and Peterson, L. E.: Effectiveness of treatment with a brace in girls who have adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. J. Bone and Joint Surg. [Am.], 77: 815–822, 1995.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Winter, R. B.: The pendulum has swung too far. Orthop. Clin. North Am., 25: 195–204, 1994.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wynarsky, G. T. and Schultz, A. B.: Trunk muscle activities in braced scoliosis patients. Spine, 14: 1283–1285, 1989.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Focarile, F. A., Bonaldi, A., Giarolo, M. A., Ferrari, U., Zilioli, E. and Ottaviani, C.: Effectiveness of nonsurgical treatment for idiopathic scoliosis. Spine, 16: 395–401, 1991.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peterson, L. E. and Nachemson, A. L.: Prediction of progres- sion of the curve in girls who have adolescent idiopathic scoliosis of moderate severity. J. Bone and Joint Surg. [Am.], 77: 823–827, 1995.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Asher, M., Min Lai, S., Burton, D. and Manna, B.: Discrimination validity of scoliosis research society—22 patient questionnaire: relationship to idiopathic scoliosis curve pattern and curve size. Spine, 28: 77–78, 2003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clayson, D., Luz-Alterman, S. and Cataletto, M. M.: Long- term psychological sequelae of surgically versus nonsurgically treated scoliosis. Spine, 12: 983–986, 1987.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fa« llstro« m, K., Cochran, T. and Nachemson, A.: Long-term effects on personality development in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Influence of type of treatment. Spine, 11: 756–758, 1986.
   Google Scholar
• Freidel, K., Petermann, F., Reichel, D., Steiner, A., Warschburger, P. and Weiss, H. R.: Quality of life in woman with idiopathic scoliosis. Spine, 27: 87–91, 2002.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson, L.: Outcomes analyses in spinal research. Orthop. Clin. North Am., 25: 205–213, 1994.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Katz, D. E. and Durrani, A. A.: Factors that influence outcome in bracing large curves in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Spine, 26: 2354–2361, 2001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lonstein, J. E. and Carlson, J. M.: The prediction of curve progression in untreated idiopathic scoliosis during growth. J. Bone Joint Surg. [Am.], 66: 1061–1071, 1984.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller, J. A. A., Nachemson, A. L. and Schultz, A. B.: Effectiveness of brace in mild idiopathic scoliosis. Spine, 9: 632–635, 1984.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Theologis, T. N., Jefferson, R. J., Simpson, A. H. R., Turner- Smith, A. R. and Fairbank, J. C. T.: Quantifying the cosmetic defect of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Spine, 18: 909–912, 1993.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Upadhyay, S. S., Nelson, I. W., Ho, E. K. W., Hsu, L. C. S. and Leong, J. C. Y.: New prognostic factors to predict the final outcome of brace treatment in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Spine, 20: 537–545, 1995.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Collis, K. D. and Ponseti, I. V.: Long-term follow-up of patients with idiopathic scoliosis not treated surgically. J. Bone Joint Surg. [Am.], 51: 425–445, 1969.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hanks, G. A., Zimmer, B. and Nogi, J.: TLSO Treatment of idiopathic scoliosis. Spine, 13: 626–629, 1988.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perie, D., Sales DeGauzy, J. and Hobatho, M. C.: Biomechanical evaluation of Cheˆ neau-Toulouse-Munster brace in the treatment of scoliosis using optimisation approach and finite element method. Med. Biol. Eng. Comput., 40: 296–301, 2002.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wiley, J. W., Thomson, J. D., Mitchell, T. M., Smith, B. G. and Banta, J. V.: Effectiveness of the Boston brace in treatment of large curves adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Spine, 25: 2326–2332, 2000.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Montgomery, F., Willner, S. and Appelgren, G.: Long-term follow-up of patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis treated conservatively: an analysis of clinical value of progression. J. Pediatr. Orthop., 10: 48–52, 1990.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson, M., Anderse, G. R., Kruuse, A. M. and Christensen, S. B.: Boston brace: treatment or natural history? J. Ped. Orthop., 3: 194–196, 1994.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DiRaimondo, C. V. and Green, N. E.: Brace-wear compliance in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. J. Pediatr. Orthop., 8: 143–146, 1988.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Green, N. E.: Part-time bracing of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. J. Bone Joint Surg. [Am.], 68: 738–742, 1986.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peltonen, J., Poussa, M. and Ylikoski, M.: Three-year result of bracing in scoliosis. Acta Orthop. Scand., 59: 487–490, 1988.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Upadhyay, S. S., Nelson, I. W., Luk, K. D. K., Ho, E. K. W., Hsu, L. C. S. and Leong, J. C. Y.: Prognostic factors to predict the outcome for each curve pattern of AIS. J. Bone Joint Surg., 77: 260, 1995.
   Google Scholar
• Allington, N. J. and Bowen, J. R.: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: treatment with the Wilmington brace. J. Bone Joint Surg. [Am.], 78: 1056–1062, 1996.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Portillo, D., Sinkora, G., McNeill, T., Spencer, D. and Schultz, A.: Trunk strengths in structurally normal girls and girls with idiopathic scoliosis. Spine, 7: 551–554, 1982.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bunell, W. P.: The natural history of idiopathic scoliosis before skeletal maturity. Spine, 8: 773–775, 1986.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaelin, P. A., Dimeglio, A. and Hall, J.: Scoliosis in boys. Orthop. Trans., 15: 122, 1991.
   Google Scholar
• Karol, L. A., Johnston, C. E., Browne, R. H. and Madison, M.: Progression of the curve in boys who have idiopathic scoliosis. J. Bone Joint Surg. [Am.], 75: 1804–1810, 1993.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Picault, C., DeMauroy, C. J., Mouilleseaux, B. and Diana, G.: Natural history of idiopathic scoliosis in girls and boys. Spine, 11: 777–778, 1986.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suh, P. B. and McEwen, G. D.: Idiopathic scoliosis in males. Spine, 13: 1091–1094, 1994.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kahanovitz, N., Levine, D. B. and Lardone, J.: The part-time Milwaukee brace treatment of juvenile idiopathic scoliosis. Clin. Orthop. Rel. Res., 167: 146–151, 1982.
   Google Scholar
• Weiss, H. R. and Deez-Kraus, K.: Quality criteria of scoliosis bracing assessment of primary correction. J. Bone Joint Surg., 77: 260, 1995.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rowe, D. E., Bernstein, S. M., Riddick, M. F., Adler, F., Emans, J. B. and Gardner-Bonneau, D.: A Meta-analysis of efficacy of non-operative treatments for idiopathic scoliosis. J. Bone Joint Surg. [Am.], 79: 664–674, 1997.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Piazza, M. R. and Basset, G. S.: Curve progression after treat- ment with the Wilmington brace for idiopathic scoliosis. J. Pediatr. Orthop., 10: 39–43, 1990.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ascani, E., Bartolozzi, P., Logroscino, C. A., Marchetti, P. G., Ponte, A., Savini, R., Travaglini, F., Binazzi, R. and DI Silvestre, M.: Natural history of untreated idiopathic scoliosis after skeletal maturity. Spine, 11: 784–789, 1986.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weinstein, S. L.: Idiopathic scoliosis. Spine, 11: 780–783, 1986.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weinstein, S. L., Zavala, D. C. and Ponseti, I. V.: Idiopathic scoliosis. J. Bone Joint Surg. [Am.], 63: 702–712, 1981.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bunell, W. P.: The natural history of idiopathic scoliosis. Clin. Orthop. Rel. Res., 29: 20–5, 1988.
   Google Scholar