615
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Seasonality of tourism demand in Turkey: a multi-methodical analysis

ORCID Icon
Pages 1930-1946 | Received 02 Feb 2022, Accepted 18 May 2023, Published online: 15 Jun 2023

References

  • Allison, P. D. (1978). Measures of inequality. American Sociological Review, 43(6), 865–880. https://doi.org/10.2307/2094626
  • Bar-On, R. R. (1975). Seasonality in tourism: A guide to the analysis of seasonality and trends for policymaking. The Economist Intelligence Unit.
  • Bar-On, R. R. (1999). The measurement of seasonality and its economic impacts. Tourism Economics, 5(4), 437–458. https://doi.org/10.1177/135481669900500409
  • Baum, T., & Lundtorp, S. (2001). Seasonality in tourism: An introduction. In T. Baum, & S. Lundtorp (Eds.), Seasonality in tourism (pp. 1–4). Pergamon.
  • Bender, O., Schumacher, K. P., & Stein, D. (2005). Measuring seasonality in central Europe’s tourism: How and for what. In M. Schrenk (Ed.), Proceedings of the 10th international conference on information and communication technologies (ICT) in urban planning and spatial development and impact of ICT on physical space (pp. 303–309). Competence Center of Urban and Regional Planning.
  • Bigovic, M. (2011). Quantifying seasonality in tourism: A case study of Montenegro. Academica Touristica, 4(2), 15–32.
  • Brown, C. E. (1998). Applied multivariate statistics in geohydrology and related sciences. Springer.
  • Butler, R. (1998). Seasonality in tourism: Issues and implications. The Tourist Review, 53(3), 18–24. https://doi.org/10.1108/eb058278
  • Butler, R. (2001). Seasonality in tourism: Issues and implications. In T. Baum, & S. Lundtorp (Eds.), Seasonality in tourism (pp. 5–21). Pergamon.
  • Cannas, R. (2012). An overview of tourism seasonality: Key concepts and policies. Alma Tourism Journal of Tourism Culture and Territorial Development, 3(5), 40–58. https://doi.org/10.6092/issn.2036-5195/3120
  • Dalton, H. (1920). The measurement of the inequality of incomes. The Economic Journal, 30(119), 348–361. https://doi.org/10.2307/2223525
  • DeLurgio, S. A. (1998). Forecasting principles and applications. Irwin McGraw-Hill.
  • Duro, J. A. (2016). Seasonality of hotel demand in the main spanish provinces: Measurements and decomposition exercises. Tourism Management, 52, 52–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2015.06.013
  • Duro, J. A., & Turrion-Prats, J. (2019). Tourism seasonality worldwide. Tourism Management Perspectives, 31(2019), 38–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2019.03.010
  • Duro, J. A., & Turrion-Prats, J. (2021). Territorial versus individual hotel seasonality in a high seasonal destination. Current Issues in Tourism, 24(10), 1402–1417. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2020.1792856
  • Duro, J. A., & Turrion-Prats, J. (2022). Seasonality and the contribution of markets: Comparing methods. Tourism Management Perspectives, 43(2022), 100987. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2022.100987
  • Farris, F. A. (2010). The Gini index and measures of inequality. The American Mathematical Monthly, 117(10), 851–864. https://doi.org/10.4169/000298910x523344
  • Fernandez-Morales, A. (2003). Decomposing seasonal concentration. Annals of Tourism Research, 30(4), 942–956. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(03)00090-2
  • Fernandez-Morales, A., & Mayorga-Toledano, M. C. (2008). Seasonal concentration of the hotel demand in Costa del Sol: A decomposition by nationalities. Tourism Management, 29(5), 940–949. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2007.11.003
  • Ferrante, M., Lo Magno, G. L., & De Cantis, S. (2018). Measuring tourism seasonality across European countries. Tourism Management, 68, 220–235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2018.03.015
  • Flognfeldt, T. (2001). Long-term positive adjustments to seasonality: Consequences of summer tourism in the jotunheimen area Norway. In T. Baum, & S. Lundtorp (Eds.), Seasonality in tourism (pp. 109–117). Pergamon.
  • Gastwirth, J. L. (1972). The estimation of the lorenz curve and gini index. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 54(3), 306–316. https://doi.org/10.2307/1937992
  • Gini, C. (1921). Measurement of inequality of incomes. The Economic Journal, 31(121), 124–126. https://doi.org/10.2307/2223319
  • Jeffrey, D., & Barden, R. R. D. (2000). An analysis of daily occupancy performance: A basis for effective hotel marketing. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 12(3), 179–189. https://doi.org/10.1108/09596110010320715
  • Jeffrey, D., & Barden, R. R. D. (2001). An analysis of the nature causes and marketing implications of seasonality in the occupancy performance of English hotels. In T. Baum, & S. Lundtorp (Eds.), Seasonality in tourism (pp. 118–140). Pergamon.
  • Jeffrey, D., & Hubbard, N. J. (1994). A model of hotel occupancy performance for monitoring and marketing in the hotel industry. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 13(1), 57–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/0278-4319(94)90059-0
  • Karamustafa, K., & Ulama, S. (2010). Measuring the seasonality in tourism with the comparison of different methods. EuroMed Journal of Business, 5(2), 191–214. https://doi.org/10.1108/14502191011065509
  • Koc, E., & Altinay, G. (2007). An analysis of seasonality in monthly per person tourist spending in Turkish inbound tourism from a market segmentation perspective. Tourism Management, 28(1), 227–237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2006.01.003
  • Koenig, N., & Bischoff, E. E. (2003). Seasonality of tourism in Wales: A comparative analysis. Tourism Economics, 9(3), 229–254. https://doi.org/10.1177/135481660300900301
  • Koenig-Lewis, N., & Bischoff, E. E. (2005). Seasonality research: The state of the art. International Journal of Tourism Research, 7(4–5), 201–219. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.531
  • Lau, P. L., & Koo, T. R. (2022). Multidimensional decomposition of gini elasticities to quantify the spatiotemporality of travel and tourism distribution. Tourism Management, 88(2022), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2021.104422
  • Lerman, R. I., & Yitzhaki, S. (1984). A note on the calculation and interpretation of the gini index. Economics Letters, 15(3-4), 363–368. https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-1765(84)90126-5
  • Lerman, R. I., & Yitzhaki, S. (1985). Income inequality effects by income source: A New approach and applications to the United States. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 67(1), 151–156. https://doi.org/10.2307/1928447
  • Lim, C., & McAleer, M. (2001). Monthly seasonal variations: Asian tourism to Australia. Annals of Tourism Research, 28(1), 68–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(00)00002-5
  • Lim, C., & McAleer, M. (2008). Analyzing seasonal changes in New Zealand’s largest inbound market. Tourism Recreation Research, 33(1), 83–91. https://doi.org/10.1080/02508281.2008.11081292
  • Lorenz, M. O. (1905). Methods of measuring the concentration of wealth. American Statistical Association, 9(70), 209–219. https://doi.org/10.2307/2276207
  • Lundtorp, S. (2001). Measuring tourism seasonality. In T. Baum, & S. Lundtorp (Eds.), Seasonality in tourism (pp. 23–51). Pergamon.
  • Manning, R. E., & Powers, L. A. (1984). Peak and off-peak use: Redistributing the outdoor recreation/tourism load. Journal of Travel Research, 23(2), 25–31. https://doi.org/10.1177/004728758402300204
  • Mansfield, E. (1991). Statistics for business and economics. W. W. Norton.
  • Milanovic, B. (1997). A simple way to calculate the Gini coefficient, and some implications. Economics Letters, 56(1), 45–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-1765(97)00101-8
  • Nadal, J. R., Font, A. R., & Rossello, A. S. (2004). The economic determinants of seasonal patterns. Annals of Tourism Research, 31(3), 697–711. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2004.02.001
  • Rossello, J., & Sanso, A. (2017). Yearly, monthly, and weekly seasonality of tourism demand: A decomposition analysis. Tourism Management, 60, 379–389. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2016.12.019
  • So, S. (2008). Why is the sample variance a biased estimator. (Report No. 9). Griffith University. https://maxwell.ict.griffith.edu.au/sso/biased_variance.pdf
  • Stojcic, N., Mikulic, J., & Vizek, M. (2022). High season, low growth: The impact of tourism seasonality and vulnerability to tourism on the emergence of high-growth firms. Tourism Management, 89, 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2021.104455
  • Sutcliffe, C. M. S., & Sinclair, M. T. (1980). The measurement of seasonality within the tourist industry: An application to tourist arrivals in Spain. Applied Economics, 12(4), 429–441. https://doi.org/10.1080/00036848000000004
  • Theil, H. (1967). Economics and information theory. North-Holland Publishing Company.
  • Turrion-Prats, J., & Duro, J. A. (2018). Tourist seasonality and the role of markets. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 8(2018), 23–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2016.11.004
  • Wanhill, S. R. C. (1980). Tackling seasonality: A technical note. International Journal of Tourism Management, 1(4), 243–245. https://doi.org/10.1016/0143-2516(80)90048-1
  • Yacoumis, J. (1980). Tackling seasonality: The case of Sri Lanka. International Journal of Tourism Management, 1(2), 84–98. https://doi.org/10.1016/0143-2516(80)90031-6
  • Yitzhaki, S., & Lerman, R. I. (1991). Income stratification and income inequality. Review of Income and Wealth, 37(3), 313–329. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4991.1991.tb00374.x
  • Zhong, L., Sun, S., Law, R., & Deng, B. (2021). An investigation of international tourist flow modeling during the pandemic. Current Issues in Tourism, 25(12), 1910–1919. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2021.1972941

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.