The influence of perceived authenticity on pilgrimage image in the Dajia Mazu pilgrimage

References

• Afshardoost, M., & Eshaghi, M. S. (2020). Destination image and tourist behavioural intentions: A meta-analysis. Tourism Management, 81, 104154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2020.104154
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akhoondnejad, A. (2016). Tourist loyalty to a local cultural event: The case of Turkmen handicrafts festival. Tourism Management, 52, 468–477. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2015.06.027
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alvarez, M. D., & Campo, S. (2014). The influence of political conflicts on country image and intention to visit: A study of Israel’s image. Tourism Management, 40, 70–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2013.05.009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anastasiadou, C., & Vettese, S. (2021). Souvenir authenticity in the additive manufacturing age. Annals of Tourism Research, 89, 103188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2021.103188
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson, J. C., & Gerbing, D. W. (1988). Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach. Psychological Bulletin, 103(3), 411–423. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.103.3.411
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Armbrecht, J., Lundberg, E., Andersson, T. D., & Mykletun, R. J. (2021). 20 years of Nordic event and festival research: A review and future research agenda. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 21(1), 49–59. https://doi.org/10.1080/15022250.2020.1823245
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Atzeni, M., Del Chiappa, G., & Mei Pung, J. (2022). Enhancing visit intention in heritage tourism: The role of object-based and existential authenticity in non-immersive virtual reality heritage experiences. International Journal of Tourism Research, 24(2), 240–255. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.2497
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baloglu, S., & McCleary, K. W. (1999). A model of destination image formation. Annals of Tourism Research, 26(4), 868–897. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(99)00030-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barsalou, L., Barbey, A., Simmons, W. K., & Santos, A. (2005). Embodiment in religious knowledge. Journal of Cognition and Culture, 5(1–2), 14–57. https://doi.org/10.1163/1568537054068624
   Google Scholar
• Beerli, A., & Martin, J. D. (2004). Factors influencing destination image. Annals of Tourism Research, 31(3), 657–681. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2004.01.010
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beerli-Palacio, A., & Martín-Santana, J. D. (2020). Explaining the gap in the image of tourist destinations through the content of and exposure to secondary sources of information. Current Issues in Tourism, 23(20), 2572–2584. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2019.1658726
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Belhassen, Y., Caton, K., & Stewart, W. P. (2008). The search for authenticity in the pilgrim experience. Annals of Tourism Research, 35(3), 668–689. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2008.03.007
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buzinde, C. N., Kalavar, J. M., Kohli, N., & Manuel-Navarrete, D. (2014). Emic understandings of Kumbh Mela pilgrimage experiences. Annals of Tourism Research, 49, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2014.08.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carreira, V., González-Rodríguez, M. R., & Díaz-Fernández, M. C. (2022). The relevance of motivation, authenticity and destination image to explain future behavioural intention in a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Current Issues in Tourism, 25(4), 650–673. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2021.1905617
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, Y. S., Lin, Y. H., & Wu, Y. J. (2020). How personality affects environmentally responsible behaviour through attitudes towards activities and environmental concern: Evidence from a national park in Taiwan. Leisure Studies, 39(6), 825–843. https://doi.org/10.1080/02614367.2020.1778773
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheng, T. M., & Chen, M. T. (2014). Image transformation for Mazu pilgrimage and festival tourism. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 19(5), 538–557. https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2013.764911
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chhabra, D., & Kim, E. G. (2018). Brand authenticity of heritage festivals. Annals of Tourism Research, 68, 55–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2017.11.007
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choe, J. Y. J., & Kim, S. S. (2018). Effects of tourists’ local food consumption value on attitude, food destination image, and behavioral intention. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 71, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2017.11.007
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choi, H., & Choi, H. C. (2019). Investigating tourists’ fun-eliciting process toward tourism destination sites: An application of cognitive appraisal theory. Journal of Travel Research, 58(5), 732–744. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287518776805
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Collins-Kreiner, N. (2016). The lifecycle of concepts: The case of ‘pilgrimage tourism’. Tourism Geographies, 18(3), 322–334. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2016.1155077
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• d’Hauteserre, A. M. (2015). Affect theory and the attractivity of destinations. Annals of Tourism Research, 55, 77–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2015.09.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dimitrovski, D., Starčević, S., & Marinković, V. (2021). Which attributes are the most important in the context of the slow food festival? Leisure Sciences, in press.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39–50. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378101800104
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Girish, V. G., & Chen, C. F. (2017). Authenticity, experience, and loyalty in the festival context: Evidence from the San Fermin festival, Spain. Current Issues in Tourism, 20(15), 1551–1556. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2017.1296821
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hair, J. F., Jr., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2019). Multivariate data analysis (8th ed.). Pearson Prentice Hall.
   Google Scholar
• Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115–135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang, Y., Ramkissoon, H., Mavondo, F. T., & Feng, S. (2017). Authenticity: The link between destination image and place attachment. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 26(2), 105–124. https://doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2016.1185988
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiménez-Barreto, J., Rubio, N., & Campo, S. (2020). Destination brand authenticity: What an experiential simulacrum! A multigroup analysis of its antecedents and outcomes through official online platforms. Tourism Management, 77, 104022. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2019.104022
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, H., & Bonn, M. A. (2016). Authenticity: Do tourist perceptions of winery experiences affect behavioral intentions? International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 28(4), 839–859. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-05-2014-0212
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, H. Y. (2013). Statistical notes for clinical researchers: Assessing normal distribution (2) using skewness and kurtosis. Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics, 38(1), 52–54. https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2013.38.1.52
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kim, J. H., Song, H., & Youn, H. (2020). The chain of effects from authenticity cues to purchase intention: The role of emotions and restaurant image. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 85, 102354. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2019.102354
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (4th ed.). The Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Kolar, T., & Zabkar, V. (2010). A consumer-based model of authenticity: An oxymoron or the foundation of cultural heritage marketing? Tourism Management, 31(5), 652–664. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2009.07.010
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, K. J., & Lee, S. Y. (2021). Cognitive appraisal theory, memorable tourism experiences, and family cohesion in rural travel. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 38(4), 399–412. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2021.1921094
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, T. H., & Jan, F. H. (2022). How does tourism image affect visitor perceptions of a festival’s identity? Influence analysis of three aboriginal festivals in Taiwan. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 24, 100704. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2022.100704
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, T. H., Jan, F. H., & Lin, Y. H. (2021). How authentic experience affects traditional religious tourism development: Evidence from the Dajia Mazu Pilgrimage, Taiwan. Journal of Travel Research, 60(5), 1140–1157. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287520921240
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, T. H., Lin, Y. H., & Wang, C. K. (2023). Can aboriginal images contribute to aboriginal cultural identity? Evidence from the perspective of tourists’ images. Current Issues in Tourism, 26(7), 1051–1066. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2021.2005553
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin, C. P. (2021). The salience of stakeholders in religious tourism: A case study of the Dajia Mazu pilgrimage. Annals of Tourism Research, 86, 103091. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2020.103091
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin, Y. H., & Hsu, Y. L. (2022). Authentic experiences and support for sustainable development: Applications at two cultural tourism destinations in Taiwan. Leisure Sciences, in press.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lu, L., Chi, C. G., & Liu, Y. (2015). Authenticity, involvement, and image: Evaluating tourist experiences at historic districts. Tourism Management, 50, 85–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2015.01.026
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luz, N. (2020). Pilgrimage and religious tourism in Islam. Annals of Tourism Research, 82, 102915. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2020.102915
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ma, X., Wang, R., Dai, M., & Ou, Y. (2021). The influence of culture on the sustainable livelihoods of households in rural tourism destinations. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 29(8), 1235–1252. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2020.1826497
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McKercher, B. (2020). Cultural tourism market: A perspective paper. Tourism Review, 75(1), 126–129. https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-03-2019-0096
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mick, D. G. (1996). Are studies of dark side variables confounded by socially desirable responding? The case of materialism. Journal of Consumer Research, 23(2), 106–119. https://doi.org/10.1086/209470
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ministry of Interior Affairs. (2016). Mazu pilgrimage from Zhenlan Temple, Dajia. https://taiwangods.moi.gov.tw/html/landscape/1_0011.aspx?i = 39
   Google Scholar
• Moufahim, M., & Lichrou, M. (2019). Pilgrimage, consumption and rituals: Spiritual authenticity in a Shia Muslim pilgrimage. Tourism Management, 70, 322–332. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2018.08.023
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park, E., Choi, B. K., & Lee, T. J. (2019). The role and dimensions of authenticity in heritage tourism. Tourism Management, 74, 99–109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2019.03.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perpiña, L., Prats, L., & Camprubí, R. (2021). Image and risk perceptions: An integrated approach. Current Issues in Tourism, 24(3), 367–384. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2020.1715355
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J. Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 879–903. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.88.5.879
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prentice, R., & Andersen, V. (2003). Festival as creative destination. Annals of Tourism Research, 30(1), 7–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(02)00034-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• San Martín, H., & Del Bosque, I. A. R. (2008). Exploring the cognitive-affective nature of destination image and the role of psychological factors in its formation. Tourism Management, 29(2), 263–277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2007.03.012
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shang, W., Qiao, G., & Chen, N. (2020). Tourist experience of slow tourism: From authenticity to place attachment—a mixed-method study based on the case of slow city in China. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 25(2), 170–188. https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2019.1683047
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shi, S., Gursoy, D., & Chen, L. (2019). Conceptualizing home-sharing lodging experience and its impact on destination image perception: A mixed method approach. Tourism Management, 75, 245–256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2019.05.012
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Skandalis, A., Banister, E., & Byrom, J. (2023). Spatial authenticity and extraordinary experiences: Music festivals and the everyday nature of tourism destinations. Journal of Travel Research, in press.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Terzidou, M., Scarles, C., & Saunders, M. N. (2017). Religiousness as tourist performances: A case study of Greek Orthodox pilgrimage. Annals of Tourism Research, 66, 116–129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2017.06.009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vena-Oya, J., Castañeda-García, J. A., Rodríguez-Molina, MÁ, & Frías-Jamilena, D. M. (2021). How do monetary and time spend explain cultural tourist satisfaction? Tourism Management Perspectives, 37, 100788. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2021.100788
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vessey, I. (1991). Cognitive fit: A theory-based analysis of the graphs versus tables literature. Decision Sciences, 22(2), 219–240. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5915.1991.tb00344.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, N. (1999). Rethinking authenticity in tourism experience. Annals of Tourism Research, 26(2), 349–370. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(98)00103-0
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, Y. (2007). Customized authenticity begins at home. Annals of Tourism Research, 34(3), 789–804. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2007.03.008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Woosnam, K. M., Stylidis, D., & Ivkov, M. (2020). Explaining conative destination image through cognitive and affective destination image and emotional solidarity with residents. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 28(6), 917–935. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2019.1708920
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yi, X., Fu, X., Lin, V. S., & Xiao, H. (2022). Integrating authenticity, well-being, and memorability in heritage tourism: A two-site investigation. Journal of Travel Research, 61(2), 378–393. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287520987624
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yi, X., Fu, X., Yu, L., & Jiang, L. (2018). Authenticity and loyalty at heritage sites: The moderation effect of postmodern authenticity. Tourism Management, 67, 411–424. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2018.01.013
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, T., & Yin, P. (2020). Testing the structural relationships of tourism authenticities. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 18, 100485. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2020.100485
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, Z., & Zheng, L. (2021). Consumer community cognition, brand loyalty, and behaviour intentions within online publishing communities: An empirical study of Epubit in China. Learned Publishing, 34(2), 116–127. https://doi.org/10.1002/leap.1327
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou, Q. B., Zhang, J., & Edelheim, J. R. (2013). Rethinking traditional Chinese culture: A consumer-based model regarding the authenticity of Chinese calligraphic landscape. Tourism Management, 36, 99–112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2012.11.008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhu, C., Io, M. U., Ngan, H. F. B., & Peralta, R. L. (2023). Understanding augmented reality marketing in world cultural heritage site, the lens of authenticity perspective. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 29(2), 242–255. https://doi.org/10.1177/13567667221090990
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhu, Y. (2012). Performing heritage: Rethinking authenticity in tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 39(3), 1495–1513. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2012.04.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar