Combination antifungal therapy for invasive aspergillosis – Is it indicated?

References

• Groll AH, Shah PM, Mentzel C, et al. Trends in postmortem epidemiology of invasive fungal infections at a university hospital. J Infect 1996; 33: 23–32
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patterson TF, Kirkpatrick WR, White M, et al. Invasive aspergillosis: disease spectrum, treatment practices, and outcomes. Medicine (Baltimore) 2000; 79: 250–260
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Denning DW, Marinus A, Cohen J, et al. An EORTC multicentre prospective survey of invasive aspergillosis in haematological patients: diagnosis and therapeutic outcome. J Infect 1998; 37: 173–180
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steinbach WJ, Stevens DA. Review of newer antifungal and immunomodulatory strategies for invasive aspergillosis. Clin Infect Dis 2003; 37(suppl 3)S157–87
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bennett JE, Dismukes WE, Duma RJ, et al. A comparison of amphotericin B alone and combined with flucytosine in the treatment of cryptococcal meningitis. N Engl J Med 1979; 301: 126–128
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Polak A. The past, present, and future of antimycotic combination therapy. Mycoses 1999; 42: 355–370
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lewis RE, Klepser ME, Pfaller MA. Combination systemic antifungal therapy for cryptococcosis, candidiasis, and aspergillosis. J Infect Dis Pharmacotherapy 1999; 3: 61–83
   Google Scholar
• Popp AI, White MH, Quadri T, Walshe L, Armstrong D. Amphotericin B with and without itraconazole for invasive aspergillosis: a three-year retrospective study. Int J Infect Dis 1999; 3: 157–160
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Denning DW, Stevens DA. Antifungal and surgical treatment of invasive aspergillosis: review of 2,121 published cases. Rev Infect Dis 1990; 12: 1147–1200
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Verweij PE, Donnelly JP, Kullberg BJ, Meis JFGM, De Pauw BE. Amphotericin B versus amphotericin B plus 5-flucytosine: poor results in the treatment of proven systemic mycoses in neutropenic patients. Infection 1994; 22: 81–85
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stevens DA, Kan VL, Judson MA, et al. Practice guidelines for diseases caused by Aspergillus. Clin Infect Dis 2000; 30: 696–709
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steinbach WJ, Stevens DA, Denning DW. Combination and sequential antifungal therapy for invasive aspergillosis: review of published in vitro and in vivo interactions and 6281 clinical cases from 1966–2001. Clin Infect Dis 2003; 37(suppl 3)S188–224
   Google Scholar
• Denning DW. Therapeutic outcome in invasive aspergillosis. Clin Infect Dis 1996; 23: 608–615
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin S-J, Schranz J, Teutsch SM. Aspergillosis case-fatality rate: systemic review of the literature. Clin Infect Dis 2000; 32: 358–366
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schimpff S, Satterlee W, Young VM, Serpick A. Empiric therapy with carbenicillin and gentamicin for febrile patients with cancer and granulocytopenia. N Engl J Med 1971; 284: 1061–1065
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lewis RE, Kontoyiannis DP. Rationale for combination antifungal therapy. Pharmacotherapy 2001; 21: 149S–164S
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herbrecht R, Denning DW, Patterson TF, et al. Voriconazole versus amphotericin B for primary therapy of invasive aspergillosis. N Engl J Med 2002; 347: 408–415
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Denning DW, Ribaud P, Milpied N, et al. Efficacy and safety of voriconazole in the treatment of acute invasive aspergillosis. Clin Infect Dis 2002; 34: 563–571
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mosquera J, Sharp A, Moore CB, Warn PA, Denning DW. In vitro interaction of terbinafine with itraconazole, fluconazole, amphotericin B and 5-flucytosine against Aspergillus spp. J Antimicrob Chemother 2002; 50: 189–194
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hosseini-Yeganeh M, McLachlan AJ. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for terbinafine in rats and humans. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2002; 46: 2219–2228
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lewis RE (2005) , Singh N, Limaye A, , et al. Detection of synergy by XTT-enhanced checkerboard dilution testing of Aspergillus: correlation with outcome in patients with invasive aspergillosis treated with combination voriconazole and caspofungin therapy. In: Proceedings of the 45th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy; December 16–19, 2005; WashingtonDC: .
   Google Scholar
• Graybill JR, Bocanegra R, Gonzalez GM, Najvar LK. Combination antifungal therapy of murine aspergillosis: liposomal amphotericin B and micafungin. J Antimicrob Chemother 2003; 52: 656–662
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clemons KV, Stevens DA. Efficacy of micafungin alone or in combination against experimental pulmonary aspergillosis. Med Mycol 2006; 44: 69–73
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Capilla Luque J, Clemons KV, Stevens DA. Efficacy of micafungin alone or in combination against systemic murine aspergillosis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2003; 47: 1452–1455
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirkpatrick WR, Perea S, Coco BJ, Patterson TF. Efficacy of caspofungin alone and in combination with voriconazole in a guinea pig model of invasive aspergillosis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2002; 46: 2564–2568
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MacCallum DM, Whyte JA, Odds FC. Efficacy of caspofungin and voriconazole combinations in experimental aspergillosis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2005; 49: 3697–3701
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bowman JC, Abruzzo GK, Anderson JW, et al. Quantitative PCR assay to measure Aspergillus fumigatus burden in a murine model of disseminated aspergillosis: demonstration of efficacy of caspofungin acetate. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2001; 45: 3474–3481
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh G, Imai J, Clemons KV, Stevens DA. Efficacy of caspofungin against central nervous system Aspergillus fumigatus infection in mice determined by TaqMan PCR and CFU methods. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2005; 49: 1369–1376
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chandrasekar PH, Cutright JL, Manavathu EK. Efficacy of voriconazole plus amphotericin B or micafungin in a guinea-pig model of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. Clin Microbiol Infect 2004; 10: 925–928
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petraitis V, Petraitiene R, Sarafandi AA, et al. Combination therapy in treatment of experimental pulmonary aspergillosis: synergistic interaction between an antifungal triazole and an echinocandin. J Infect Dis 2003; 187: 1834–1843
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clemons KV, Espiritu M, Parmar R, Stevens DA. Comparative efficacies of conventional amphotericin B, liposomal amphotericin B (AmBisome), caspofungin, micafungin, and voriconazole alone and in combination against experimental murine central nervous system aspergillosis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2005; 49: 4867–4875
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Najvar LK, Cacciapuoti A, Hernandez S, et al. Activity of posaconazole combined with amphotericin B against Aspergillus flavus infection in mice: comparative studies in two laboratories. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2004; 48: 758–764
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gavalda J (2004) , Lopez P, Martin MT, , et al Evaluation of combination of voriconazole + Terbinafine in the treatment of experimental pulmonary aspergillosis. In: Program and Abstracts of the 44th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy; Oct 30–Nov 2, 2004; WashingtonDC: .
   Google Scholar
• Kirkpatrick WR, Vallor AC, McAtee RK, et al. Combination therapy with terbinafine and amphotericin B in a rabbit model of experimental invasive aspergillosis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2005; 49: 4751–4753
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dennis CG, Greco WR, Brun Y, et al. Effect of amphotericin B and micafungin combination on survival, histopathology, and fungal burden in experimental aspergillosis in the p47 phox-/- mouse model of chronic granulomatous disease. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2006; 50: 422–427
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Imai J, Singh G, Fernandez B, Clemons KV, Stevens DA. Efficacy of abelcet and caspofungin, alone or in combinatioin, against CNS aspergillosis in a murine model. J Antimicrob Chemother 2005; 56: 166–171
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sionov E, Mendlovic S, Segai E. Experimental systemic murine aspergillosis: treatment with polyene and caspofungin combination and G-CSF. J Antimicrob Chemother 2005; 56: 594–597
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perea S, Gonzalez G, Fothergill A, et al. In vitro interaction of caspofungin acetate with voriconazole against clinical isolates of Aspergillus spp. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2002; 4: 3039–3041
   Google Scholar
• Marr KA, Boeckh M, Carter RA, Kim HW, Corey L. Combination antifungal therapy for invasive aspergillosis. Clin Infect Dis 2004; 39: 797–802
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Viscoli C. Combination therapy for invasive aspergillosis. Clin Infect Dis 2004; 39: 803–805
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cesaro S, Visintin G. Combination antifungal therapy for invasive aspergillosis. Clin Infect Dis 2005; 40: 1073–1076
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kontoyannis DP, Boktour M, Hanna H, et al. Itraconazole added to a lipid formulation of amphotericin B does not improve outcome of primary treatment of invasive aspergillosis. Cancer 2005; 103: 2334–2337
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kontoyannis DP, Hachem R, Lewis RE, et al. Efficacy and toxicity of caspofungin in combination with liposomal amphotericin B as primary or salvage treatment of invasive aspergillosis in patients with hematologic malignancies. Cancer 2003; 98: 292–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raad II (2004) , Boktour MR, Hanna HA, Kontoyannis DP, Hachem RY. Posaconazole compared to amphotericin B lipid formulations in combination with caspofungin as salvage therapy for invasive aspergillosis in patients with hematologic malignancy. In: Program and Abstracts of the 44th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy; Oct 30–Nov 2, 2004; WashingtonDC: .
   Google Scholar
• Munoz LS, Ruthazer R, Boucher H, , et al. Combination antifungals for primary treatment of invasive aspergillosis: do they work? In: Program and Abstracts of the 44th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy; Oct 30–Nov 2, 2004; WashingtonDC: 2004.
   Google Scholar
• Singh N, Limaye A, Safdar N, , et al. Combination of voriconazole and caspofungin as primary therapy for invasive aspergillosis in solid organ transplant recipients. In: Proceedings of the 45th International Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy; December 16–19, 2005; WashingtonDC: American Society for Microbiology; 2005.
   Google Scholar
• Elanjikal Z, Sorensen J, Schmidt H, et al. Combination therapy with caspofungin and liposomal amphotericin B for invasive aspergillosis. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 2003; 22: 653–656
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Damaj G, Ivanov V, LeBrigand B, et al. Rapid improvement of disseminated aspergillosis with caspofungin/voriconazole combination in an adult leukemic patient. Annals of Hematology 2003; 83: 390–393
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wheat LJ. Combination therapy for aspergillosis: is it needed, and which combination?. J Infect Dis 2003; 187: 1831–3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bennett JE, Powers J, de Pauw B, et al. Forum report: Issues in the design of trials of drugs for the treatment of invasive aspergillosis. Clin Infect Dis 2003; 36(suppl 3)S113–6
   Google Scholar