Upregulation of glyoxylate cycle genes upon Paracoccidioides brasiliensis internalization by murine macrophages and in vitro nutritional stress condition

References

• Restrepo A. The ecology of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis: a puzzle still unsolved. Sabouraudia 1985; 5: 323–334
   Google Scholar
• Franco M. Host-parasite relationships in paracoccidioidomycosis. J Med Vet Mycol 1987; 1: 5–18
   Google Scholar
• Restrepo A, McEwen JG, Castaneda E. The habitat of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis: how far from solving the riddle?. Med Mycol 2001; 3: 233–241
   Google Scholar
• San-Blas G, Niño-Vega G, Iturriaga T. Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and paracoccidioidomycosis: molecular approaches to morphogenesis, diagnosis, epidemiology, taxonomy and genetics. Med Mycol 2002; 3: 225–242
   Google Scholar
• Rooney PJ, Klein BS. Linking fungal morphogenesis with virulence. Cell Microbiol 2002; 3: 127–137
   Google Scholar
• Franco M, Peracoli MT, Soares A, et al. Host-parasite relationship in paracoccidioidomycosis. Curr Top Med Mycol 1993; 5: 115–149
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Casadevall A, Pirofski LA. Host-pathogen interactions: basic concepts of microbial commensalism, colonization, infection and disease. Infect Immun 2000; 12: 6511–6518
   Google Scholar
• Calich VL, Kashino SS. Cytokines produced by susceptible and resistant mice in the course of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis infection. Braz J Med Biol Res 1998; 5: 615–623
   Google Scholar
• Kashino SS, Fazioli RA, Cafalli-Favati C, et al. Resistance to Paracoccidioides brasiliensis infection is linked to a preferential Th1 immune response, whereas susceptibility is associated with absence of IFN-γ production. J Interf Cytok Res 2000; 20: 89–97
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marques-Mello L, Silva-Vergara ML, Rodrigues VJ. Patients with active infection with Paracoccidioides brasiliensis present a Th2 immune response characterized by high Interleukin-4 and Interleukin-5 production. Hum Immunol 2002; 2: 149–154
   Google Scholar
• Brummer E, Hanson LH, Stevens DA. Gamma-interferon activation of macrophages for killing of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and evidence for nonoxidative mechanisms. Int J Immunopharmacol 1988; 10: 945–952
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Moscardi-Bacchi M, Brummer E, Stevens DA. Support of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis multiplication by human monocytes or macrophages: inhibition by activated phagocytes. J Med Microbiol 1994; 40: 159–164
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Felipe MS, Andrade RV, Petrofeza SS, et al. Transcriptome characterization of the dimorphic and pathogenic fungus Paracoccidioides brasiliensis by EST analysis. Yeast 2003; 20: 263–271
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Felipe MS, Andrade RV, Arraes FB, et al. Transcriptional profiles of the human pathogenic fungus Paracoccidioides brasiliensis in mycelium and yeast cells. J Biol Chem 2005; 280: 24706–24714
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tavares AH, Silva SS, Bernardes VV, et al. Virulence insights from the Paracoccidioides brasiliensis transcriptome. Gen Mol Res 2005; 2: 358–371
   Google Scholar
• Flavell RB, Woodward DO. Metabolic role, regulation of synthesis, cellular localization, and genetic control of the glyoxylate cycle enzymes in Neurospora crassa. J Bacteriol 1971; 1: 200–210
   Google Scholar
• Fernandez E, Fernandez M, Moreno F, Rodicio R. Transcriptional regulation of the isocitrate lyase encoding gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. FEBS Lett 1993; 3: 238–242
   Google Scholar
• Finlay BB, Falkow S. Common themes in microbial pathogenicity revisited. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 1997; 61: 136–169
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lorenz MC, Fink GR. Life and death in a macrophage: role of the glyoxylate cycle in virulence. Eukaryote Cell 2002; 1: 657–662
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Graham JE, Clark-Curtiss JE. Identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis RNAs synthesized in response to phagocytosis by human macrophages by selective capture of transcribed sequences (SCOTS). Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1999; 96: 11554–11559
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lorenz MC, Fink GR. The glyoxylate cycle is required for fungal virulence. Nature 2001; 412: 83–86
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schnappinger D, Ehrt S, Voskuil MI, et al. Transcriptional adaptation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis within macrophages: Insights into the phagosomal environment. J Exp Med 2003; 198: 693–704
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barelle CJ, Priest CL, Maccallum DM, et al. Niche-specific regulation of central metabolic pathways in a fungal pathogen. Cell Microbiol 2006; 6: 961–971
   Google Scholar
• Fava-Neto C. Contribuição para o estudo imunológico da blastomicose de Lutz. Rev Inst Adolfo Lutz 1961; 21: 99–194
   Google Scholar
• Tavares AH, Silva SS, Dantas A, et al. Early transcriptional response of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis upon internalization by murine macrophages. Microb Infect 2007; 9: 583–590
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Restrepo A, Jiménez BE. Growth of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis yeast phase in a chemically defined culture medium. J Clin Microbiol 1980; 2: 279–281
   Google Scholar
• Goihman-Yahr M, Pine L, Albornoz MC, et al. Studies on plating efficiency and estimation of viability of suspensions of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis yeast cells. Mycopathologia 1980; 2: 73–83
   Google Scholar
• Silva-Pereira I, Bey F, Coux O, Scherrer K. Two mRNAs exist for the Hs PROS-30 gene encoding a component of human prosomes. Gene 1992; 2: 235–242
   Google Scholar
• Venancio EJ, Daher BS, Andrade RV, et al. The kex2 gene from the dimorphic and human pathogenic fungus Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. Yeast 2002; 14: 1221–1231
   Google Scholar
• da Silva SP, Borges-Walmsley MI, Pereira IS, et al. Differential expression of an hsp70 gene during transition from the mycelial to the infective yeast form of the human pathogenic fungus Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. Mol Microbiol 1999; 31: 1039–1050
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marone M, Mozzetti S, De Ritis D, Pierelli L, Scambia G. Semiquantitative RT-PCR analysis to assess the expression levels of multiple transcripts from the same sample. Biol Proc Online 2001; 3: 19–25
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nunes LR, Costa de Oliveira R, Leite DB, et al. Transcriptome analysis of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis cells undergoing mycelium-to-yeast transition. Eukaryot Cell 2005; 2: 2115–2128
   Google Scholar
• Tabuchi T, Uchiyama H. Methylcitrate condensing and methylisocitrate cleaving enzymes: evidence for the pathway of oxidation of propionyl-CoA to pyruvate via C7-tricarboxylic acids. Agric Biol Chem 1975; 39: 2035–2042
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luttik MA, Kotter P, Salomons FA, et al. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae ICL2 gene encodes a mitochondrial 2-methylisocitrate lyase involved in propionyl-coenzyme A metabolism. J Bacteriol 2000; 24: 7007–7013
   Google Scholar
• Rude TH, Toffaletti DL, Cox GM, Perfect JR. Relationship of the glyoxylate pathway to the pathogenesis of Cryptococcus neoformans. Infect Immun 2002; 10: 5684–5694
   Google Scholar
• Bentrup KHZ, Miczak A, Swenson DL, Russell DG. Characterization of activity and expression of isocitrate lyase in Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J Bacteriol 1999; 23: 7161–7167
   Google Scholar
• Muñoz-Elías E, McKinney JD. Mycobacterium tuberculosis isocitrate lyases 1 and 2 are jointly required for in vitro growth and virulence. Nature Med 2005; 6: 638–644
   Google Scholar
• Cánovas D, Andrianopoulos A. Developmental regulation of the glyoxylate cycle in the human pathogen Penicillium marneffei. Mol Microbiol 2006; 6: 1725–1738
   Google Scholar
• Schöler A, Schüller HJ. A carbon source-responsive promoter element necessary for activation of the isocitrate lyase gene ICL1 is common to genes of the gluconeogenic pathway in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol 1994; 6: 3613–3622
   Google Scholar
• Proft M, Grzesitza D, Entian KD. Identification and characterization of regulatory elements in the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene PCK1 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Gen Genet 1995; 3: 367–373
   Google Scholar
• Caspary F, Hartig A, Schüller HJ. Constitutive and carbon source-responsive promoter elements are involved in the regulated expression of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae malate synthase gene MLS1. Mol Gen Genet 1997; 6: 619–627
   Google Scholar
• Liu K, Yu J, Russel DG. pckA-deficient Mycobacterium bovis BCG shows attenuated virulence in mice and in macrophages. Microbiology 2003; 149: 1829–1835
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hynes MJ, Draht OW, Davis MA. Regulation of the acuF gene, encoding phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase in the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans. J Bacteriol 2002; 1: 183–190
   Google Scholar
• Moore PA, Sagliocco FA, Wood RM, Brown AJ. Yeast glycolytic mRNAs are differentially regulated. Mol Cell Biol 1991; 10: 5330–5337
   Google Scholar
• Netzer R, Krause M, Rittmann D, et al. Roles of pyruvate kinase and malic enzyme in Corynebacterium glutamicum for growth on carbon sources requiring gluconeogenesis. Arch Microbiol 2004; 5: 354–363
   Google Scholar
• Daran-Lapujade P, Jansen ML, Daran JM, et al. Role of transcriptional regulation in controlling fluxes in central carbon metabolism of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A chemostat culture study. J Biol Chem 2004; 10: 9125–9138
   Google Scholar
• Liu P, Wood D, Nester EW. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase is an acid-induced, chromosomally encoded virulence factor in Agrobacterium tumefaciens. J Bacteriol 2005; 17: 6039–6045
   Google Scholar
• Fradin C, Kretschmar M, Nichterlein T, et al. Stage-specific gene expression of Candida albicans in human blood. Mol Microbiol 2003; 6: 1523–1543
   Google Scholar