Withaferin A protects against spinal cord injury by inhibiting apoptosis and inflammation in mice

References

• Bhattacharya SK, Bhattacharya A, Sairam K, Ghosal S. 2000. Anxiolytic-antidepressant activity of Withania somnifera glycowithanolides: an experimental study. Phytomedicine. 7:463–469.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bracchi-Ricard V, Lambertsen KL, Ricard J, Nathanson L, Karmally S, Johnstone J, Ellman DG, Frydel B, McTigue DM, Bethea JR. 2013. Inhibition of astroglial NF-κB enhances oligodendrogenesis following spinal cord injury . J Neuroinflammation. 10:92–96.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dar PA, Singh LR, Kamal MA, Dar TA. 2016. Unique medicinal properties of Withania somnifera: phytochemical constituents and protein component. Curr Pharm Des. 22:535–540.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dietz V, Fouad K. 2014. Restoration of sensorimotor functions after spinal cord injury. Brain. 137:654–667.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elshahawi SI, Trindade-Silva AE, Hanora A, Han AW, Flores MS, Vizzoni V, Schrago CG, Soares CA, Concepcion GP, Distel DL, et al. 2013. Boronated tartrolon antibiotic produced by symbiotic cellulose-degrading bacteria in shipworm gills. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 110:295–304.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Essawi T, Srour M. 2000. Screening of some Palestinian medicinal plants for antibacterial activity. J Ethnopharmacol. 70:343–349.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Filli L, Schwab ME. 2015. Structural and functional reorganization of propriospinal connections promotes functional recovery after spinal cord injury. Neural Regen Res. 10:509–513.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grogan PT, Sarkaria JN, Timmermann BN, Cohen MS. 2014. Oxidative cytotoxic agent withaferin A resensitizes temozolomide-resistant glioblastomas via MGMT depletion and induces apoptosis through Akt/mTOR pathway inhibitory modulation. Invest New Drugs. 32:604–617.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guo J, Li Y, He Z, Zhang B, Li Y, Hu J, Han M, Xu Y, Li Y, Gu J, et al. 2014. Targeting endothelin receptors A and B attenuates the inflammatory response and improves locomotor function following spinal cord injury in mice. Int J Mol Med. 34:74–82.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jackson SS, Oberley C, Hooper CP, Grindle K, Wuerzberger-Davis S, Wolff J, McCool K, Rui L, Miyamoto S. 2015. Withaferin A disrupts ubiquitin-based NEMO reorganization induced by canonical NF-κB signaling. Exp Cell Res. 331:58–72.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kataria H, Kumar S, Chaudhary H, Kaur G. 2016. Withania somnifera suppresses tumor growth of intracranial allograft of glioma cells. Mol Neurobiol. 53:4143–4158.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee J, Sehrawat A, Singh SV. 2012. Withaferin A causes activation of Notch2 and Notch4 in human breast cancer cells. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 136:45–56.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu Y, Ye H, Satkunendrarajah K, Yao GS, Bayon Y, Fehlings MG. 2013. A self-assembling peptide reduces glial scarring, attenuates post-traumatic inflammation and promotes neurological recovery following spinal cord injury. Acta Biomater. 9:8075–8088.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mandal C, Dutta A, Mallick A, Chandra S, Misra L, Sangwan RS, Mandal C. 2008. Withaferin A induces apoptosis by activating p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling cascade in leukemic cells of lymphoid and myeloid origin through mitochondrial death cascade. Apoptosis. 13:1450–1464.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin ND, Kepler C, Zubair M, Sayadipour A, Cohen M, Weinstein M. 2015. Increased mean arterial pressure goals after spinal cord injury and functional outcome. J Emerg Trauma Shock. 8:94–98.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Martorana F, Guidotti G, Brambilla L, Rossi D. 2015. Withaferin A inhibits nuclear factor-κB-dependent pro-inflammatory and stress response pathways in the astrocytes. Neural Plast. 2015: 381964.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Munagala R, Kausar H, Munjal C, Gupta RC. 2011. Withaferin A induces p53-dependent apoptosis by repression of HPV oncogenes and upregulation of tumor suppressor proteins in human cervical cancer cells. Carcinogenesis. 32:1697–1705.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Newman DJ, Cragg GM. 2012. Natural products as sources of new drugs over the 30 years from 1981 to 2010. J Nat Prod. 75:311–335.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oliveira KM, Lavor MS, Silva CM, Fukushima FB, Rosado IR, Silva JF, Martins BC, Guimaraes LB, Gomez MV, Melo MM, et al. 2014. Omega-conotoxin MVIIC attenuates neuronal apoptosis in vitro and improves significant recovery after spinal cord injury in vivo in rats. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 7:3524–3536.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peng H, Olsen G, Tamura Y, Noguchi H, Matsumoto S, Levy MF, Naziruddin B. 2010. Inhibition of inflammatory cytokine-induced response in human islet cells by withaferin A. Transplant Proc. 42:2058–2061.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Samadi AK, Cohen SM, Mukerji R, Chaguturu V, Zhang X, Timmermann BN, Cohen MS, Person EA. 2012. Natural withanolide withaferin A induces apoptosis in uveal melanoma cells by suppression of Akt and c-MET activation. Tumour Biol. 33:1179–1189.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stan SD, Hahm ER, Warin R, Singh SV. 2008. Withaferin A causes FOXO3a- and Bim-dependent apoptosis and inhibits growth of human breast cancer cells in vivo. Cancer Res. 68:7661–7669.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weishaupt N, Blesch A, Fouad K. 2012. BDNF: the career of a multifaceted neurotrophin in spinal cord injury. Exp Neurol. 238:254–264.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu X, Chen PS, Dallas S, Wilson B, Block ML, Wang CC, Kinyamu H, Lu N, Gao X, Leng Y, et al. 2008. Histone deacetylase inhibitors up-regulate astrocyte GDNF and BDNF gene transcription and protect dopaminergic neurons. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 11:1123–1134.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xing B, Li H, Wang H, Mukhopadhyay D, Fisher D, Gilpin CJ, Li S. 2011. RhoA-inhibiting NSAIDs promote axonal myelination after spinal cord injury. Exp Neurol. 231:247–260.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang H, Shi G, Dou QP. 2007. The tumor proteasome is a primary target for the natural anticancer compound Withaferin A isolated from “Indian winter cherry ”. Mol Pharmacol. 71:426–437.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yokota Y, Bargagna-Mohan P, Ravindranath PP, Kim KB, Mohan R. 2006. Development of withaferin A analogs as probes of angiogenesis. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 16:2603–2607.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao RR, Andrews MR, Wang D, Warren P, Gullo M, Schnell L, Schwab ME, Fawcett JW. 2013. Combination treatment with anti-Nogo-A and chondroitinase ABC is more effective than single treatments at enhancing functional recovery after spinal cord injury. Eur J Neurosci. 38:2946–2961.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar