Differential activation mechanisms of serum C5a in lupus nephritis and neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus

References

• Gibson T, Myers AR. Nervous system involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Rheum Dis. 1975;35:398–406.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harris EN, Hughes GR. Cerebral disease in systemic lupus erythematosus. Springer Semin Immunopathol. 1985;8:251–66.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bluestein HG, Williams GW, Steinberg AD. Cerebrospinal fluid antibodies to neuronal cells: association with neuropsychiatric manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus. Am J Med. 1981;70:240–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arinuma Y, Yanagida T, Hirohata S. Association of cerebrospinal fluid anti-NR2 glutamate receptor antibodies with diffuse neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum. 2008;58:1130–5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hirohata S, Sakuma Y, Yanagida T, Yoshio T. Association of cerebrospinal fluid anti-Sm antibodies with acute confusional state in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Res Ther. 2014;16:450–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacob A, Hack B, Chen P, Quigg RJ, Alexander JJ. C5a/CD88 signaling alters blood-brain barrier integrity in lupus through nuclear factor-kappa B. J Neurochem. 2011;119:1041–51.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacob A, Hack B, Chiang E, Garcia JG, Quigg RJ, Alexander JJ. C5a alters blood-brain barrier integrity in experimental lupus. FASEB J. 2010;24:1682–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mahajan SD, Parikh NU, Woodruff TM, Jarvis JN, Lopez M, Hennon T, et al. C5a alters blood-brain barrier integrity in a human in vitro model of systemic lupus erythematosus. Immunology 2015;146:130–43.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hopkins P, Belmont M, Buyon J, Fhilips M, Weissmann G, Abramson SB, et al. Increased levels of plasma anaphilatoxins in systemic lupus erythematosus predict flares of the disease and may elicit vascular in lupus cerebritis. Arthritis Rheum. 1988;31:632–41.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watanabe H, Sugimoto M, Asano T, Sato S, Suzuki E, Takahashi A, et al. Relationship of complement activation route with clinical manifestations in Japanese patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a retrospective observational study. Mod Rheumatol. 2015;25:205–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lesher AM, Song WC. Review: complement and its regulatory proteins in kidney diseases. Nephrology (Carlton). 2010;15:663–75.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tan EM, Cohen AS, Fries JF, Masi AT, McShane DJ, Rothfield NF, et al. The 1982 revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum. 1982;25:1271–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ACR Ad Hoc Committee on Neuropsychiatric Lupus Nomenclature. The American College of Rheumatology nomenclature and case definitions for neuropsychiatric lupus syndromes. Arthritis Rheum. 1999;42:599–608.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cortright DN, Meade R, Waters SM, Chenard BL, Krause JE. C5a, but not C3a, increases VEGF secretion in ARPE-19 human retinal pigment epithelial cells. Curr Eye Res. 2009;34:57–61.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schraufstatter IU, Trieu K, Sikora L, Sriramarao P, DiScipio R. Complement C3a and C5a induce different signal transduction cascades in endothelial cells. J Immunol. 2002;169:2102–10.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sato N, Ohsawa I, Nagamachi S, Ishii M, Kusaba G, Inoshita H, et al. Significance of glomerular activation of the alternative pathway and lectin pathway in lupus nephritis. Lupus. 2011;20:1378–86.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huber-Lang M, Sarma JV, Zetoune FS, Rittirsch D, Neff TA, McGuire SR, et al. Generation of C5a in the absence of C3: a new complement activation pathway. Nat Med. 2006;12:682–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nitta H, Murakami Y, Wada Y, Baba H, Imamura T. Cancer cells release anaphylatoxin C5a from C5 by serine protease to enhance invasiveness. Oncol Rep. 2014;32:1715–19.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonfa E, Golombek SJ, Kaufman LD, Skelly S, Weissbach H, Brot N, et al. Association between lupus psychosis and anti-ribosomal P protein antibodies. N Engl J Med. 1987;317:265–71.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nagai T, Arinuma Y, Yanagida T, Yamamoto K, Hirohata S. Anti-ribosomal P protein antibody in human systemic lupus erythematosus up-regulates the expression of proinflammatory cytokines by human peripheral blood monocytes. Arthritis Rheum. 2005;52:847–55.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nagai T, Yanagida T, Hirohata S. Anti-ribosomal P protein antibody induces Th1 responses by enhancing the production of IL-12 in activated monocytes. Mod Rheumatol. 2011;21:57–62.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoshio T, Okamoto H, Hirohata S, Minota S. IgG anti-NR2 glutamate receptor autoantibodies from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus activate endothelial cells. Arthritis Rheum. 2013;65:457–63.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yuan J, Gou SJ, Huang J, Hao J, Chen M, Zhao MH. C5a and its receptors in human anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis. Arthritis Res Ther. 2012;14:R140.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huugen D, van Esch A, Xiao H, Peutz-Kootstra CJ, Buurman WA, Tervaert JW, et al. Inhibition of complement factor C5 protects against anti-myeloperoxidase antibody-mediated glomerulonephritis in mice. Kidney Int. 2007;71:646–54.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bao L, Osawe I, Puri T, Lambris JD, Haas M, Quigg RJ. C5a promotes development of experimental lupus nephritis which can be blocked with a specific receptor antagonist. Eur J Immunol. 2005;35:2496–506.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weening JJ, D’Agati VD, Schwartz MM, Seshan SV, Alpers CE, Appel GB, et al. The classification of glomerulonephritis in systemic lupus erythematosus revisited. Kidney Int. 2004;65:521–30.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flierl MA, Stahel PF, Rittirsch D, Huber-Lang M, Niederbichler AD, Hoesel LM, et al. Inhibition of complement C5a prevents breakdown of the blood-brain barrier and pituitary dysfunction in experimental sepsis. Crit Care. 2009;13:R12.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hirohata S, Arinuma Y, Yanagida T, Yoshio T. Blood-brain barrier damages and intrathecal synthesis of anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor NR2 antibodies in diffuse psychiatric/neuropsychological syndromes in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Res Ther. 2014;16:R77.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gasque P, Singhrao SK, Neal JW, Götze O, Morgan BP. Expression of the receptor for complement C5a (CD88) is up-regulated on reactive astrocytes, microglia, and endothelial cells in the inflamed human central nervous system. Am J Pathol. 1997;150:31–41.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laudes IJ, Chu JC, Huber-Lang M, Guo RF, Riedemann NC, Sarma JV, et al. Expression and function of C5a receptor in mouse microvascular endothelial cells. J Immunol. 2002;169:5962–70.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reiss UM, Schwartz J, Sakamoto KM, Puthenveetil G, Ogawa M, Bedrosian CL, et al. Efficacy and safety of eculizumab in children and adolescents with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2014;61:1544–50.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wong EK, Kavanagh D. Anticomplement C5 therapy with eculizumab for the treatment of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria and atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Transl Res. 2015;165:306–20.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pittock SJ, Lennon VA, McKeon A, Mandrekar J, Weinshenker BG, Lucchinetti CF, et al. Eculizumab in AQP4-IgG-positive relapsing neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders: an open-label pilot study. Lancet Neurol. 2013;12:554–62.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• El-Husseini A, Hannan S, Awad A, Jennings S, Cornea V, Sawaya BP. Thrombotic microangiopathy in systemic lupus erythematosus: efficacy of eculizumab. Am J Kidney Dis. 2015;65:127–30.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pickering MC, Ismajli M, Condon MB, McKenna N, Hall AE, Lightstone L, et al. Eculizumab as rescue therapy in severe resistant lupus nephritis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2015;54:2286–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar