Cross-border and domestic surrogacy in the UK context: an exploration of practical and legal decision-making

References

• Blake, L., Carone, N., Slutsky, J., Raffanello, E., Ehrhardt, A.A., & Golombok, S. (2016). Gay father surrogacy families: Relationships with surrogates and egg donors and parental disclosure of children’s origins. Fertility and Sterility, 106, 1503–1509. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.08.013.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blyth, E. (2010). Fertility patients’ experiences of cross border reproductive care. Fertility and Sterility, 94, e11–e15. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.01.046.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braverman, A., Casey, P., & Jadva, V. (2012). Reproduction through surrogacy: The UK and US experience. In M. Richards G, . Pennings, & J.B. Appleby (Eds.), Reproductive donation: Practice, policy and bioethics (pp. 289–307). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi: 10.1017/CBO9781139026390.016.
   Google Scholar
• Crawshaw, M., Blyth, E., & van den Akker, O. (2012). The changing profile of surrogacy in the UK –Implications for national and international policy and practice. Journal of Social Welfare and Family Law, 34, 267–277. doi: 10.1080/09649069.2012.750478.
   Google Scholar
• Culley, L., Hudson, N., Rapport, F., Blyth, E., Norton, W., & Pacey, A.A. (2011). Crossing borders for fertility treatment: motivations, destinations and outcomes of UK fertility travellers. Human Reproduction, 26, 2373–2381. doi: 10.1093/humrep/der191.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deomampo, D. (2015). Defining parents, making citizens: Nationality and citizenship in transnational surrogacy. Medical Anthropology, 34, 210–225. doi: 10.1080/01459740.2014.890195.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferraretti, A.P., Pennings, G., Gianaroli, L., Natali, F., & Magli, M.C. (2010). Cross-border reproductive care: A phenomenon expressing the controversial aspects of reproductive technologies. Reproductive Biomedicine Online, 20, 261–266. doi: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2009.11.009.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fronek, P. (2018). Current perspectives on the ethics of selling international surrogacy support services. Medicolegal and Bioethics, 8, 11–20. doi: 10.2147/MB.S134090.
   Google Scholar
• Gamble, N. (2012). Made in the U.S.A.: Representing U.K. parents conceiving through surrogacy and ART in the United States. Family Law Quarterly, 46, 155–168.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gamble, N. (2016). A better legal framework for United Kingdom surrogacy? In S. Golombok R, Scott, J.B. Appleby, M. Richards, & S. Wilkinson, S. (Eds.), Regulating reproductive donation (pp. 140–162). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi: 10.1017/CBO9781316117446.008.
   Google Scholar
• Hewson, C. (2014). Qualitative approaches in Internet-mediated research: Opportunities, issues, possibilities. In P. Leavy (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of qualitative research (pp. 423–452). Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199811755.013.020.
   Google Scholar
• Hudson, N., Culley, L., Blyth, E., Norton, W., Rapport, F., & Pacey, A. (2011). Cross-border reproductive care: A review of the literature. Reproductive Biomedicine Online, 22, 673–685. doi: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2011.03.010.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jackson, E. (2016). UK law and international commercial surrogacy: 'The very antithesis of sensible'. Journal of Medical Law and Ethics, 4, 197–214. doi: 10.7590/221354016X14803383336806..
   Google Scholar
• Jackson, E., Millbank, J., Karpin, I., & Stuhmcke, A. (2017). Learning from cross-border reproduction. Medical Law Review, 25, 23–46. doi: 10.1093/medlaw/fww045.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jadva, V., Blake, L., Casey, P., & Golombok, S. (2012). Surrogacy families 10 years on: Relationship with the surrogate, decisions over disclosure and children's understanding of their surrogacy origins. Human Reproduction, 27, 3008–3014. doi: 10.1093/humrep/des273.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nulty, D.D. (2008). The adequacy of response rates to online and paper surveys: What can be done? Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 33, 301–314. doi: 10.1080/02602930701293231.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palattiyil, G., Blyth, E., Sidhva, D., & Balakrishnan, G. (2010). Globalization and cross-border reproductive services: Ethical implications of surrogacy in India for social work. International Social Work, 53, 686–700. doi: 10.1177/0020872810372157..
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pennings, G., de Wert, G., Shenfield, F., Cohen, J., Tarlatzis, B., & Devroey, P. (2008). ESHRE Task Force on Ethics and Law 15: Cross-border reproductive care. Human Reproduction, 23, 2182–2184. doi: 10.1093/humrep/den184.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perkins, K.M., Boulet, S.L., Jamieson, D.J., & Kissin, D.M.; National Assisted Reproductive Technology Surveillance System (NASS) Group. (2016). Trends and outcomes of gestational surrogacy in the United States. Fertility and Sterility, 106, 435–442. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.03.050.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prosser, H., & Gamble, N. (2016). Modern surrogacy practice and the need for reform. Journal of Medical Law and Ethics, 4, 257–274. doi: 10.7590/221354016X14803383336842.
   Google Scholar
• Ruiz-Robledillo, N., & Moya-Albiol, L. (2016). Gestational surrogacy: Psychosocial aspects [Gestación subrogada: aspectos psicosociales]. Psychosocial Intervention, 25, 187–193. doi: 10.1016/j.psi.2016.05.001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Söderström-Anttila, V., Wennerholm, U.B., Loft, A., Pinborg, A., Aittomäki, K., Romundstad, L.B., & Bergh, C. (2016). Surrogacy: Outcomes for surrogate mothers, children and the resulting families—A systematic review. Human Reproduction Update, 22, 260–276. doi: 10.1093/humupd/dmv046.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Surrogacy UK. (2015). Surrogacy in the UK: Myth busting and reform. Retrieved from https://www.familylaw.co.uk/system/froala_assets/documents/27/Surrogacy_in_the_UK_report.pdf
   Google Scholar
• The Guardian. (2015). https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2015/may/18/unregistered-surrogate-born-children-creating-legal-timebomb-judge-warns.
   Google Scholar
• Zadeh, S., Ilioi, E.C., Jadva, V., & Golombok, S. (2018). The perspectives of adolescents conceived using surrogacy, egg or sperm donation. Human Reproduction, 33, 1099–1106. doi: 10.1093/humrep/dey088.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar