References

• Allen, J. (2006). Ambient power: Berlin’s Potsdamer Platz and the seductive logic of public spaces. Urban Studies, 43(2), 441–455. doi:10.1080/00420980500416982
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baker, T., & Evans, J. (2016). ‘Housing first’ and the changing terrains of homeless governance. Geography Compass, 10(1), 25–41. doi:10.1111/gec3.12257
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baker, T., & McCann, E. (2020). Beyond failure: The generative effects of unsuccessful proposal for Supervised Drug Consumption Sites (SCS) in Melbourne, Australia. Urban Geography, 41(9), 1179–1197. doi:10.1080/02723638.2018.1500254
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beckett, B., & Herbert, S. (2008). Dealing with disorder: Social control in the post-industrial city. Theoretical Criminology, 12(1), 5–30. doi:10.1177/1362480607085792
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bookman, S., & Woolford, A. (2013). Policing (by) the urban brand: Defining order in Winnipeg’s exchange district. Social & Cultural Geography, 14(3), 300–317. doi:10.1080/14649365.2012.762986
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Butler, C. (2019). London’s downtown in ‘crisis’ amid drugs, destitution and leadership vacuum. CBC News. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/london/london-downtown-homeless-drugs-poverty-crisis-1.5257228
   Google Scholar
• Carruthers, D. (2016). Bat-wielding business owner hailed Facebook hero after scaring off alleged drug dsers at Dundas and Richmond. The London Free Press. https://lfpress.com/2016/07/12/bat-wielding-business-owner-hailed-facebook-hero-after-scaring-off-alleged-drug-dealers-at-dundas-and-richmond-caught-on-video
   Google Scholar
• Clarke, N. (2012). Urban policy mobility, anti-politics, and histories of the transnational municipal movement. Progress in Human Geography, 36(1), 25–43. doi:10.1177/0309132511407952
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cook, I., & Ward, K. (2012). Conferences, informational infrastructures and mobile policies: The process of getting Sweden ‘Bid ready’. European Urban and Regional Studies, 19(2), 137–152. doi:10.1177/0969776411420029
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Counting Our Way Home. (2018). London’s 2018 Community Enumeration Event Results. City of London. https://www.london.ca/residents/homeless-prevention/Documents/171030028-COL-Enumeration-Event-2018-Summary-Report-EMAIL-WEB.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Davis, M. (1990). City of quartz: Excavating the future of Los Angeles. Verso.
   Google Scholar
• De Bono, N. (2016). Downtown London: Advocates hammers $540,000 consultant’s report that calls street culture ‘a blight? The London Free Press. https://lfpress.com/2016/10/28/downtown-london-advocates-hammer-540000-consultants-report-that-calls-street-culture-a-blight
   Google Scholar
• DeVerteuil, G. (2014). Does the punitive need the supportive? A sympathetic critique of current grammars of urban injustice. Antipode, 46(4), 874–893. doi:10.1111/anti.12001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DeVerteuil, G., May, J., & Mahs, J. (2009). Complexity not collapse: Recasting the geographies of homelessness in a ‘punitive age’. Progress in Human Geography, 33(5), 646–666. doi:10.1177/0309132508104995
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Didier, S., Morange, M., & Peyroux, E. (2013). The adaptative nature of neoliberalism at the local scale: Fifteen years of city improvement districts in Cape Town and Johannesburg. Antipode, 45(1), 121–139. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8330.2012.00987.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Evans, J., & Masuda, J. (2020). Mobilizing a fast policy fix: Exploring the translation of 10-year plans to end homelessness in Alberta, Canada. Politics and Space C, 38(3), 503–521. doi:10.1177/2399654419884581
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferreri, M. (2015). The seductions of temporary urbanism. Ephemera: Theory & Politics in Organization, 15(1), 181–191.
   Google Scholar
• Fincher, R., Pardy, M., & Shaw, K. (2016). Place-making or place-masking? The everyday political economy of “making place”. Planning Theory & Practice, 17(4), 516–536. doi:10.1080/14649357.2016.1217344
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Finn, D. (2014). DIY urbanism: Implication for cities. Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability, 7(4), 381–398. doi:10.1080/17549175.2014.891149
   Google Scholar
• Florida, R. (2002). The rise of the creative class. Basic Books.
   Google Scholar
• Flusty, S. (2001). The banality of interdiction: Surveillance, control and the displacement of diversity. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 25(3), 658–664. doi:10.1111/1468-2427.00335
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Freeman, R. (2012). Reverb: Policy making in wave form. Environment and Planning A, 44(1), 13–20. doi:10.1068/a44177
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grainger, G. (2021). Punishment, support, or discipline? Taking stock of recent debates about homeless governance in neoliberal cities. Sociology Compass, 15(8), 1–16. doi:10.1111/soc4.12909
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harvey, D. (1989). From managerialism to entrepreneurialism: The transformation in urban governance in late capitalism. Geografiska Annaler, 71(1), 3–17. doi:10.1080/04353684.1989.11879583
   Google Scholar
• Hatuka, T., Rosen-Zvi, I., Birnhack, M., Toch, E., & Zur, H. (2018). The political premises of contemporary urban concepts: The global city, the sustainable city, the resilient city, the creative city, and the smart city. Planning Theory & Practice, 19(2), 160–179. doi:10.1080/14649357.2018.1455216
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hennigan, B. (2017). House broken: Homelessness, housing first, and neoliberal poverty governance. 38(9), 1418–1440. doi:10.1080/02723638.2016.1254496
   Google Scholar
• Hennigan, B., & Speer, J. (2019). Compassionate revanchism: The blurry geography of homelessness in the USA. Urban Studies, 56(5), 906–921. doi:10.1177/0042098018762012
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herring, C. (2019) Between street and shelter. Seclusion, exclusion, and the neutralization of povertyR. Powell & J. FlintEds. Class ethnicity and state in the polarized metropolis 281–305 Palgrave Macmillan
   Google Scholar
• Kennedy, S. (2016). Urban policy mobilities, argumentation and the case of the model city. Urban Geography, 37(1), 96–116. doi:10.1080/02723638.2015.1055932
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee-Lincoln, J. (2021). ‘There’s a stigma’: Businesses look to change Dundas Street’s reputation. CTV News. https://london.ctvnews.ca/there-s-a-stigma-businesses-look-to-change-dundas-street-s-reputation-1.5561271
   Google Scholar
• Lippert, R. (2012). ‘Clean and safe’ passage: Business improvement districts, urban security modes, and knowledge brokers. European Urban and Regional Studies, 19(2), 167–180. doi:10.1177/0969776411420023
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Live Work Learn Play. (2016). Reconnaissance & strategic assessment: Evaluation & recommendations to advance London’s downtown [PowerPoint slides]. https://pub-london.escribemeetings.com/filestream.ashx?DocumentId=27683
   Google Scholar
• Logan, J., & Molotch, H. (1987). Urban fortunes: The political economy of place. University of California Press.
   Google Scholar
• Longhurst, A., & McCann, E. (2016). Political struggles on a frontier of harm reduction drug policy: Geographies of constrained policy mobility. Space and Polity, 20(1), 109–123. doi:10.1080/13562576.2016.1140403
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luckman, S., Gibson, C., & Lea, T. (2009). Mosquitoes in the mix: How transferable is creative city thinking? Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography, 30, 70–85. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9493.2008.00348.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lupton, A. (2022). Police to operate foot patrol unit out of Dundas Street storefront. CBC News. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/london/police-to-operate-foot-patrol-unit-out-of-dundas-street-storefront-1.6541234
   Google Scholar
• Mackinnon, D. (2020). Activated alleyways: Mobilising clean and safe dwelling in business improvement areas. In L. Andres & A. Zhang (Eds.), Transforming cities through temporary urbanism: A comparative international overview (pp. 155–169). Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Margier, A. (2021). The compassionate invisibilization of homelessness: Where Revanchist and supportive city policies meet. Urban Geography. https://doi.org/10.1080/02723638.2021.1970915
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Markusen, A. (2014). Creative cities: A 10-year research agenda. Journal of Urban Affairs, 36(S2), 567–589. doi:10.1111/juaf.12146
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Markusen, A., & Gadwa Nicodemus, A. (2010). Creative placemaking: How to do it well. Community Development Investment Review, 2(1), 35–42.
   Google Scholar
• Masuda, J., & Bookman, S. (2018). Neighbourhood branding and the right to the city. Progress in Human Geography, 42(2), 165–182. doi:10.1177/0309132516671822
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• May, J., & Cloke, P. (2014). Modes of attentiveness: Reading for difference in geographies of homelessness. Antipode, 46(4), 894–920. doi:10.1111/anti.12043
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCann, E. (2011). Urban policy mobilities and global circuits of knowledge: Toward a research agenda. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 101(1), 107–130. doi:10.1080/00045608.2010.520219
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCann, E., & Mahieus, L. (2021). Everywhere from Copenhagen: Method, storytelling, and comparison in the globalization of public space design. In C. Hurl & A. Vogelpohl (Eds.), Professional service firms and politics in a global era (pp. 115–134). Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• McCann, E., & Ward, K. (2010). Relationality/territoriality: Toward a conceptualization of cities in the world. Geoforum, 41(2), 175–184. doi:10.1016/j.geoforum.2009.06.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCann, E., & Ward, K. (2012). Assembling urbanism: Following policies and ‘studying through’ the sites and situation of policy making. Environment and Planning A, 44(1), 42–51. doi:10.1068/a44178
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Michel, B. (2013). A global solution to local urban crises? Comparing discourses on business improvement districts in Cape Town and Hamburg. Urban Geography, 34(7), 1011–1030. doi:10.1080/02723638.2013.799337
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miraftab, F. (2007). Governing post-apartheid spatiality: Implementing city improvement districts in Cape Town. Antipode, 39(4), 602–626. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8330.2007.00543.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mitchell, D. (1997). The annihilation of space by law: The roots and implications of anti-homelessness laws in the United States. Antipode, 29(3), 303–335. doi:10.1111/1467-8330.00048
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murphy, S. (2009). “Compassionate” strategies of managing homelessness: Post-revanchist geographies in San Francisco. Antipode, 41(2), 305–325. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8330.2009.00674.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Novak, M. (2010). The evolution of the retail landscape. [Doctoral dissertation, The University of Western Ontario]. Western University Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository. https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/53/
   Google Scholar
• Parnaby, P. (2006). Crime prevention through environmental design: Discourses of risk, social control, and a neoliberal context. Canadian Journal of Criminology and Criminal Justice, 48(1), 1–30. doi:10.3138/cjccj.48.1.1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peck, J. (2005). Struggling with the creative class. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 29(1), 740–770. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2427.2005.00620.x
   Google Scholar
• Peck, J. (2007). Banal urbanism: Cities and the creativity fix. Monu, 7(5), 36–47.
   Google Scholar
• Peck, J. (2012). Austerity urbanism: American cities under extreme economy. City, 16(6), 626–655. doi:10.1080/13604813.2012.734071
   Google Scholar
• Peck, J., & Theodore, N. (2015). Fast policy: Experimental statecraft at the thresholds of neoliberalism. University of Minnesota Press.
   Google Scholar
• Petty, J. (2016). The London spikes controversy: Homelessness, urban securitization and the question of ‘hostile architecture’. International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy, 5(1), 67–81. doi:10.5204/ijcjsd.v5i1.286
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ponzini, D., & Rossi, U. (2010). Becoming a creative city: The entrepreneurial mayor, network politics and the promise of an urban renaissance. Urban Studies, 7(5), 1037–1057. doi:10.1177/0042098009353073
   Google Scholar
• Prince, R. (2010). Policy transfer as policy assemblage: Making policy for creative industries in New Zealand. Environment and Planning A, 42(1), 169–186. doi:10.1068/a4224
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schupbach, J. (2015). Creative placemaking. Economic Development Journal, 14(4), 28–33.
   Google Scholar
• Smith, N. (1996). The new urban frontier: Gentrification and the revanchist city. Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Stacey, M. (2017). London flex street: Failed expectations of Market Lane space aids Dundas Place planning. The London Free Press. https://lfpress.com/2017/12/22/london-flex-street-failed-expectations-of-market-lane-space-aids-dundas-place-planning/amp/
   Google Scholar
• Stacey, M. (2018). City hall names manager for downtown Dundas Place ‘flex street’, The London Free Press. https://lfpress.com/news/local-news/savanah-sewell-named-flex-street-manager
   Google Scholar
• Statistics Canada. (2021). London, Ontario [Census metropolitan area] Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada
   Google Scholar
• Stuart, F. (2016). Down, out, and under arrest: Policing and everyday life in skid row. University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Temenos, C. (2016). Mobilizing drug policy activism: Conferences, convergence spaces and ephemeral fixtures in social movement mobilization. Space and Polity, 20(1), 124–141. doi:10.1080/13562576.2015.1072913
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Temenos, C., & McCann, E. (2012). The local politics of policy mobility: Learning, persuasion, and the production of a municipal sustainability fix. Environment and Planning A, 44(6), 1389–1406. doi:10.1068/a44314
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vindevogel, F. (2005). Private security and urban crime mitigation: A Bid for BIDs. Criminology and Criminal Justice, 5(3), 233–255. doi:10.1177/1466802505055833
   Google Scholar
• Walby, K., & Lippert, R. (2012). Spatial regulation, dispersal, and the aesthetics of the city: Conservation officer policing of homeless people in Ottawa, Canada. Antipode, 44(3), 1015–1033. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8330.2011.00923.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ward, K. (2008). Creating a personality for downtown: Business improvement districts in Milwaukee. Urban Geography, 28(8), 781–808. doi:10.2747/0272-3638.28.8.781
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zukin, S. (1995). The cultures of cities. Blackwell.
   Google Scholar